| 1. |
- Li, Ao, et al.
(författare)
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Genome architecture and selective signals compensatorily shape plastic response to a new environment
- 2023
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Ingår i: The Innovation. - 2666-6758. ; 4:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transcriptional plasticity interacts with natural selection in complex ways and is crucial for the survival of species under rapid climate change. How 3D genome architecture affects transcriptional plasticity and its interaction with genetic adaptation are unclear. We transplanted estuarine oysters to a new environment and found that genes located in active chromatin regions exhibited greater transcriptional plasticity, and changes in these regions were negatively correlated with selective signals. This indicates a trade-off be- tween 3D active regions and selective signals in shaping plastic responses to a new environment. Specifically, a mutation, lincRNA, and changes in the accessibility of a distal enhancer potentially affect its interaction with the ManIIa gene, which regulates the muscle function and survival of oysters. Our findings reveal that 3D genome architecture compensates for the role of genetic adaptation in environmental response to new environments and provide insights into synergetic genetic and epigenetic interactions critical for fitness-related trait and survival in a model marine species.
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| 2. |
- Luo, Xiyu, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of local compositional heterogeneity in mixed halide perovskites on blue electroluminescence
- 2024
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Ingår i: Matter. - 2590-2393. ; 7:3, s. 1054-1070
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Compositional heterogeneity is commonly observed in mixed bromide/iodide perovskite photoabsorbers, typically with minimal effects on charge carrier recombination and photovoltaic performance. Consistently, it has so far received very limited attention in bromide/chloride-mixed perovskites, which hold particular significance for blue light-emitting diodes. Here, we uncover that even a minor degree of localized halide heterogeneity leads to severe non-radiative losses in mixed bromide/chloride blue perovskite emitters, presenting a stark contrast to general observations in photovoltaics. We not only provide a visualization of the heterogeneity landscape spanning from micro-to sub-microscale but also identify that this issue mainly arises from the initially formed chloride-rich clusters during perovskite nucleation. Our work sheds light on a long-term neglected factor impeding the advancement of blue light-emitting diodes using mixed halide perovskites and provides a practical strategy to mitigate this issue.
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| 3. |
- Pang, Xiaoying, et al.
(författare)
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The Present-day Mass Function of Star Clusters in the Solar Neighborhood
- 2024
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 966:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work analyzes the present-day mass function (PDMF) of 93 star clusters utilizing Gaia Data Release 3 data, with membership determined by the StarGo machine-learning algorithm. The impact of unresolved binary systems on mass estimation is rigorously assessed, adopting three mass ratio profiles for correction. The PDMF is characterized by the power-law index, α, derived through a robust maximum likelihood method that avoids biases associated with data binning. The value of α for stars between the completeness limited mass of Gaia (with a mean 0.3 M⊙ for our cluster samples) and 2 M⊙ exhibits stability for clusters younger than 200 Myr, decreasing for older clusters, particularly when considering stars within the half-mass radius. The PDMF of these star clusters is consistent with a dynamically evolved Kroupa initial mass function via the loss of low-mass stars. Cluster morphology shows a correlation with α, as α values exhibit a decreasing trend from filamentary to tidal-tail clusters, mirroring the sequence of increasing cluster age. The dependence of α on the total cluster mass is weak, with a subtle increase for higher-mass clusters, especially outside the half-mass radius. We do not observe a correlation between α and the mean metallicity of the clusters. Younger clusters have lower metallicity compared to their older counterparts, which indicates that the older clusters might have migrated to the solar neighborhood from the inner disk. A comparison with numerical models incorporating a black hole population suggests the need for observations of distant, older, massive open clusters to determine whether or not they contain black holes.
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| 4. |
- Qing, Jian, et al.
(författare)
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Aligned and Graded Type-II Ruddlesden-Popper Perovskite Films for Efficient Solar Cells
- 2018
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Ingår i: Advanced Energy Materials. - : WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH. - 1614-6832 .- 1614-6840. ; 8:21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recently, Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites (RPPs) have attracted increasing interests due to their promising stability. However, the efficiency of solar cells based on RPPs is much lower than that based on 3D perovskites, mainly attributed to their poor charge transport. Herein, a simple yet universal method for controlling the quality of RPP films by a synergistic effect of two additives in the precursor solution is presented. RPP films achieved by this method show (a) high quality with uniform morphology, enhanced crystallinity, and reduced density of sub-bandgap states, (b) vertically oriented perovskite frameworks that facilitate efficient charge transport, and (c) type-II band alignment that favors self-driven charge separation. Consequently, a hysteresis-free RPP solar cell with a power conversion efficiency exceeding 12%, which is much higher than that of the control device (1.5%), is achieved. The findings will spur new developments in the fabrication of high-quality, aligned, and graded RPP films essential for realizing efficient and stable perovskite solar cells.
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| 5. |
- Qing, Jian, et al.
(författare)
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High-Quality Ruddlesden-Popper Perovskite Films Based on In Situ Formed Organic Spacer Cations
- 2019
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Ingår i: Advanced Materials. - : WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH. - 0935-9648 .- 1521-4095. ; 31:41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites (RPPs), consisting of alternating organic spacer layers and inorganic layers, have emerged as a promising alternative to 3D perovskites for both photovoltaic and light-emitting applications. The organic spacer layers provide a wide range of new possibilities to tune the properties and even provide new functionalities for RPPs. However, the preparation of state-of-the-art RPPs requires organic ammonium halides as the starting materials, which need to be ex situ synthesized. A novel approach to prepare high-quality RPP films through in situ formation of organic spacer cations from amines is presented. Compared with control devices fabricated from organic ammonium halides, this new approach results in similar (and even better) device performance for both solar cells and light-emitting diodes. High-quality RPP films are fabricated based on different types of amines, demonstrating the universality of the approach. This approach not only represents a new pathway to fabricate efficient devices based on RPPs, but also provides an effective method to screen new organic spacers with further improved performance.
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| 6. |
- Ren, Hong, et al.
(författare)
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Measurement report: Vertical distribution of biogenic and anthropogenic secondary organic aerosols in the urban boundary layer over Beijing during late summer
- 2021
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Ingår i: ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1680-7316 .- 1680-7324. ; 21:17, s. 12949-12963
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) plays a significant role in atmospheric chemistry. However, little is known about the vertical profiles of SOA in the urban boundary layer (UBL). This knowledge gap constrains the SOA simulation in chemical transport models. Here, the aerosol samples were synchronously collected at 8, 120, and 260m based on a 325m meteorological tower in Beijing from 15 August to 10 September 2015. Strict emission controls were implemented during this period for the 2015 China Victory Day parade. Here, we observed that the total concentration of biogenic SOA tracers increased with height. The fraction of SOA from isoprene oxidation increased with height, whereas the fractions of SOA from monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes decreased, and 2,3-dihydroxy-4-oxopentanoic acid (DHOPA), a tracer of anthropogenic SOA from toluene oxidation, also increased with height. The complicated vertical profiles of SOA tracers highlighted the need to characterize SOA within the UBL. The mass concentration of estimated secondary organic carbon (SOC) ranged from 341 to 673 ngC m(-3). The increase in the estimated SOC fractions from isoprene and toluene with height was found to be more related to regional transport, whereas the decrease in the estimated SOC from monoterpenes and sesquiterpene with height was more subject to local emissions. Emission controls during the parade reduced SOC by 4 %-35 %, with toluene SOC decreasing more than the other SOC. This study demonstrates that vertical distributions of SOA within the UBL are complex, and the vertical profiles of SOA concentrations and sources should be considered in field and modeling studies in the future.
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| 7. |
- Zhou, Yunyun, et al.
(författare)
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Anti-Kasha's Rule Emissive Switching Induced by Intermolecular H-Bonding
- 2018
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Ingår i: Chemistry of Materials. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 0897-4756 .- 1520-5002. ; 30:21, s. 8008-8016
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The exploration of emission pathways from high-excited states in organic luminogens has recently become prosperous owing to improved possibilities to study so-called anti-Kasha's rule emission with the potential of improving the luminescent quantum efficiency. However, emission pathway switching among different high-excited states has rarely been addressed through external control. We here present a rational design and synthesis of a novel azulene-based emitter to achieve a responsive control of its anti-Kasha's rule emissive switching. The emitter initially gives rise to an S-3-to-S-0 dominant emission as indicated by our experimental and theoretical studies. On this basis, it can be toggled into an S-2-to-S-0 dominant emission upon the H-bond formation between the triformyl groups and water molecules. Such a process, which originates from the H-bonding regulated distribution of excited state energy, is accompanied by a remarkable fluorescent color conversion and a significant improvement of the fluorescent quantum yield in the azulene family. Moreover, a reversible emissive switching in doped films was observed to depend on a solid-state H-bond tuning process with moisture sensitivity. These results may provide new insight for building advanced chemical systems for visualized sensing with high distinguishability.
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