| 1. |
- Attané, Isabelle, et al.
(författare)
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Being a single man in rural China
- 2018
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Ingår i: Population and Societies. - 0184-7783. ; :557, s. 1-4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Those who are single in rural China are almost exclusively men. The presence of excess men in the population combines with internal migration and women's quest for upward social mobility through marriage to explain this phenomenon. The DefiChine survey sheds light on the situation of single men in three rural districts of Shaanxi. One of its findings is that, although the shortage of women does create competition between men looking for a wife, the social and economic dimensions of male singlehood cannot be ignored.
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| 2. |
- Liu, Shiping, et al.
(författare)
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Population Genomics Reveal Recent Speciation and Rapid Evolutionary Adaptation in Polar Bears
- 2014
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Ingår i: Cell. - : Elsevier BV. - 0092-8674 .- 1097-4172. ; 157:4, s. 785-794
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polar bears are uniquely adapted to life in the High Arctic and have undergone drastic physiological changes in response to Arctic climates and a hyper-lipid diet of primarily marine mammal prey. We analyzed 89 complete genomes of polar bear and brown bear using population genomic modeling and show that the species diverged only 479-343 thousand years BP. We find that genes on the polar bear lineage have been under stronger positive selection than in brown bears; nine of the top 16 genes under strong positive selection are associated with cardiomyopathy and vascular disease, implying important reorganization of the cardiovascular system. One of the genes showing the strongest evidence of selection, APOB, encodes the primary lipoprotein component of low-density lipoprotein (LDL); functional mutations in APOB may explain how polar bears are able to cope with life-long elevated LDL levels that are associated with high risk of heart disease in humans.
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| 3. |
- Attané, Isabelle, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding Bachelorhood in Povertystricken and High Sex Ratio Settings : An Exploratory Study in Rural Shaanxi, China
- 2019
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Ingår i: China Quarterly. - 1468-2648. ; 240, s. 990-1017
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Coupled with the social practice of female hypergamy, the male surplus within the never-married population means that today’s Chinese marriage market is extremely tight in particular for men from a rural background and the least privileged socio-economic categories. Drawing on quantitative data from a survey conducted in 2014–2015, this article sheds light on the situation of single men who are past prime marriage age in three rural districts of Shaanxi particularly affected by this phenomenon. It compares single men’s characteristics to those of their married counterparts and offers insights intothe heterogeneity of single men with the aim of challenging some commonlyaccepted assumptions about bachelorhood in rural China. Results suggest astrong internalization of the various characteristics, centred on being able tooffer social mobility to a potential wife, that a man is expected to have to be attractive to women in a context where women have more choice in mate selection. We conclude that mate selection is highly marked by class, social norms, social interactions, health, generation and age, and requires the mobilization of certain amounts of individual, social and economic resources. Unwanted bachelorhood would thus be better understood using an intersectional approach rather than mainly in numeric terms.
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| 4. |
- Lewin, Harris A., et al.
(författare)
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The Earth BioGenome Project 2020 : Starting the clock
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 119:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 5. |
- Li, Xiaodong, et al.
(författare)
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Critical role of the external bias in improving the performance of polymer solar cells with a small molecule electrolyte interlayer
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry A. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2050-7488 .- 2050-7496. ; 3:2, s. 504-508
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A small-molecule electrolyte based on the popular ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA-N) is introduced as an efficient cathode interlayer in inverted polymer solar cells, helping to deliver power conversion efficiency over 9%. The strong dependence of device performance on the external bias suggests that the ion motion plays a critical role in improving the performance of devices with electrolyte interlayers.
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| 6. |
- Li, Xiaodong, et al.
(författare)
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Disodium Edetate As a Promising Interfacial Material for Inverted Organic Solar Cells and the Device Performance Optimization
- 2014
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Ingår i: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces. - : American Chemical Society. - 1944-8244 .- 1944-8252. ; 6:23, s. 20569-20573
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Disodium edetate (EDTA-Na), a popular hexadentate ligand in analytical chemistry, was successfully introduced in organic solar cells (OSCs) as cathode interfacial layer. The inverted OSCs with EDTA-Na showed superior performance both in power conversion efficiency and devices stability compared with conventional devices. Interestingly, we found that the performance of devices with EDTA-Na could be optimized through external bias treatment. After optimization, the efficiency of inverted OSCs with device structure of ITO/EDTA-Na/polymer thieno[3,4-b]thiophene/benzodithiophene (PTB7):PC71BM/MoO3/Al was significantly increased to 8.33% from an initial value of 6.75%. This work introduces a new class of interlayer materials, small molecule electrolytes, for organic solar cells.
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| 7. |
- Li, Xiaodong, et al.
(författare)
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The effect of external electric field on the performance of perovskite solar cells
- 2015
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Ingår i: Organic electronics. - : Elsevier. - 1566-1199 .- 1878-5530. ; 18, s. 107-112
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells were fabricated through a low temperature approach. We find that the device performance significantly depends on the external bias before and during measurements. By appropriate optimization of the bias conditions, we could achieve an 8-fold increase in the power conversion efficiency. The significant improvement in device performance might be caused by the ion motion in the perovskite under the external electric field.
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| 8. |
- Zou, Jiazhi, et al.
(författare)
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Efficient Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Based on a New Class of Doubly Concerted Companion Dyes
- 2022
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Ingår i: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1944-8244 .- 1944-8252. ; 14:29, s. 33274-33284
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To develop efficient dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), concerted companion (CC) dyes XW60-XW63 constructed from the covalent linkage of a strapped porphyrin dye unit and an organic dye unit have been reported to exhibit panchromatic absorption and excellent photovoltaic performance. However, these CC dyes only afforded moderate V-OC values of ca. 763 mV, demonstrating relatively weak antiaggregation ability, which remains an obstacle for further enhancing the photovoltaic behavior. To address this problem, we herein develop porphyrin dyes XW77-XW80 with the macrocycles wrapped with alkoxy chains of various lengths (OC6H13-OC22H45) and the corresponding CC dyes XW81-XW84 containing these porphyrin dye units. Interestingly, the new CC dyes XW81-XW83 exhibit increasing V-OC from 745 to 784 mV with the chain lengths extended from C6 to C18, and a lowered V-OC of 762 mV was obtained for XW84 when the chain length was further extended to C22. As a result, XW83 afforded the highest PCE of 12.2%, which is, to the best of our knowledge, the record efficiency for the iodine electrolyte-based solar cells sensitized with a single dye. These results can be rationalized by the so-called doubly concerted companion (DCC) effects, that is, the two subdye units exhibit not only complementary absorption but also concerted antiaggregation with the long wrapping chains on the porphyrins unit simultaneously protecting the porphyrin macrocycle and the neighboring organic subdye unit, thus affording panchromatic absorption and strong antiaggregation and anticharge-recombination ability. These results provide a new approach for constructing a class of DCC dyes to achieve high-performance DSSCs without using any antiaggregating coadsorbent or absorption-enhancing cosensitizer.
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