| 1. |
- Zhang, Lingling, et al.
(författare)
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Integrative analysis of γδT cells and dietary factors reveals predictive values for autism spectrum disorder in children
- 2023
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Ingår i: Brain, behavior, and immunity. - 0889-1591 .- 1090-2139. ; 111, s. 76-89
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) includes a range of multifactorial neurodevelopmental disabilities characterized by a variable set of neuropsychiatric symptoms. Immunological abnormalities have been considered to play important roles in the pathogenesis of ASD, but it is still unknown which abnormalities are more prominent. Methods: A total of 105 children with ASD and 105 age and gender-matched typically developing (TD) children were recruited. An eating and mealtime behavior questionnaire, dietary habits, and the Bristol Stool Scale were investigated. The immune cell profiles in peripheral blood were analyzed by flow cytometry, and cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17A, and TNF-α) in plasma were examined by Luminex assay. The obtained results were further validated using an external validation cohort including 82 children with ASD and 51 TD children. Results: Compared to TD children, children with ASD had significant eating and mealtime behavioral changes and gastrointestinal symptoms characterized by increased food fussiness and emotional eating, decreased fruit and vegetable consumption, and increased stool astriction. The proportion of γδT cells was significantly higher in children with ASD than TD children (β: 0.156; 95% CI: 0.888 ∼ 2.135, p < 0.001) even after adjusting for gender, eating and mealtime behaviors, and dietary habits. In addition, the increased γδT cells were evident in all age groups (age < 48 months: β: 0.288; 95% CI: 0.420 ∼ 4.899, p = 0.020; age ≥ 48 months: β: 0.458; 95% CI: 0.694 ∼ 9.352, p = 0.024), as well as in boys (β: 0.174; 95% CI: 0.834 ∼ 2.625, p < 0.001) but not in girls. These findings were also confirmed by an external validation cohort. Furthermore, IL-17, but not IFN-γ, secretion by the circulating γδT cells was increased in ASD children. Machine learning revealed that the area under the curve in nomogram plots for increased γδT cells combined with eating behavior/dietary factors was 0.905, which held true in both boys and girls and in all the age groups of ASD children. The decision curves showed that children can receive significantly higher diagnostic benefit within the threshold probability range from 0 to 1.0 in the nomogram model. Conclusions: Children with ASD present with divergent eating and mealtime behaviors and dietary habits as well as gastrointestinal symptoms. In peripheral blood, γδT cells but not αβT cells are associated with ASD. The increased γδT cells combined with eating and mealtime behavior/dietary factors have a high value for assisting in the diagnosis of ASD.
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| 2. |
- Lim, Chang-Keun, et al.
(författare)
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Plasmon-enhanced two-photon-induced isomerization for highly-localized light-based actuation of inorganic/organic interfaces
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nanoscale. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2040-3364 .- 2040-3372. ; 8:7, s. 4194-4202
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two-photon initiated photo-isomerization of an azobenzene moiety adsorbed on silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) is demonstrated. The azobenzene is linked to a materials-binding peptide that brings it into intimate contact with the Ag NP surface, producing a dramatic enhancement of its two-photon absorbance. An integrated modeling approach, combining advanced conformational sampling with Quantum Mechanics/Capacitance Molecular Mechanics and response theory, shows that charge transfer and image charges in the Ag NP generate local fields that enhance two-photon absorption of the cis isomer, but not the trans isomer, of adsorbed molecules. Moreover, dramatic local field enhancement is expected near the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) wavelength, and the LSPR band of the Ag NPs overlaps the azobenzene absorbance that triggers cis to trans switching. As a result, the Ag NPs enable two-photon initiated cis to trans isomerization, but not trans to cis isomerization. Confocal anti-Stokes fluorescence imaging shows that this effect is not due to local heating, while the quadratic dependence of switching rate on laser intensity is consistent with a two-photon process. Highly localized two-photon initiated switching could allow local manipulation near the focal point of a laser within a 3D nanoparticle assembly, which cannot be achieved using linear optical processes.
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| 3. |
- Li, Songyang, et al.
(författare)
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Theoretical and experimental analysis of ceiling-jet flow in corridor fires
- 2011
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Ingår i: Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1878-4364 .- 0886-7798. ; 26:6, s. 651-658
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In tunnels or long corridors, the combustion products of the fire are confined to spread in one or two directions, forming a ceiling-jet flow. For safety assessment and emergency treatment, it is important to investigate and understand the behavior of the ceiling-jet flow. In this paper, a simple model has been presented, in terms of Richardson number and non-dimensional ceiling-jet thickness, to predict the temperature and the velocity of fire-induced ceiling-jet in a rectangular corridor. Besides, the location of hydraulic jump, occurring in ceiling-jet flow, has been estimated theoretically. In order to validate the theoretical predictions, a series of reduced-scale fire experiments were conducted in a 5 m long corridor. The predicted results, concerning non-dimensional excess temperature, agree favorably with experimental data in different fuels and heat release rates of the fire tests. Finally, the scaling issue has also been discussed and validated. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 4. |
- Liu, Dedi, et al.
(författare)
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Photoluminescence changes of C70 nano/submicro-crystals induced by high pressure and high temperature
- 2016
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2045-2322. ; 6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hollow C70 nano/submicrocrystals with a fcc lattice structure were treated under various high pressure and high temperature conditions. The energy band structure was visibly changed by the high pressure and high temperature treatment, and the luminescence of the polymerized C70 nano/submicrocrystals was tuned from the visible to the near infrared range. In-situ high pressure experiments at room temperature indicate that pressure plays a key role in the tuning of band gap and PL properties in C70 nanotubes, and temperature plays an important role in the formation of stable intermolecular bonds and thus to define the final red-shift of the PL peaks. The polymeric phases of C70 nanocrystals treated at high pressure and high temperature were identified from Raman spectra, which changed from monomers to a dimer-rich phase and finally to a phase containing larger, disordered C70 oligomers.
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