| 1. |
- Hedenås, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
-
Vad klarar vår nya stickprovsdesign? : NILS gräsmarks- och lövskogsinventeringar 2020
- 2022
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Inventeringarna fältsäsongen 2020 genomfördes som ett storskaligt test av en ny stickprovsdesign, med nyutvecklad flygbilds- och fältinventering. Fokus för inventeringarna var att bidra till nationellt heltäckande data för naturtyper som hittills saknat det. Bristen på data har framförallt gällt naturtyper med höga naturvärden (annex 1-naturtyper) men inkluderar även en del vanligare naturtyper. Det första årets inventeringar inbegrep en läroprocess för att dimensionera inventeringarnas stickprovsstorlekar med hänsyn till flygbilds- och fältinventeringsmetodik, budget och att få in data på ovanliga naturtyper. Insamlade data användes för att göra skattningar och variansberäkningar vilka i sin tur utgjorde ett underlag för bedömningar av vilka justeringar i metodik som kunde behöva göras kommande år. Analyserna av data från 2020-års inventeringar visade även hur flexibiliteten i stickprovsdesignen gick att använda för att göra regionala förtätningar utifrån behov. Eftersom t.ex. skattningsalgoritmer och databas fanns på plats samma år kunde vi göra skattningar på både nationell och regional nivå direkt efter avslutad fältsäsong. I och med att vi tar fram skattningar i den här rapporten visar vi att alla steg är på plats i ett fungerande system som kan producera användbara resultat i relation till inventeringens syfte. Resultatet från 2020-års inventeringar visar att det går att inventera relativt ovanliga naturtyper, som ädellövskogar, och vanliga naturtyper som lövdominerad taiga och vägrenar inom samma generella ramverk. Det visar också att dimensioneringen av inventeringarna var tillräcklig för att vi skulle kunna beräkna arealer med önskvärd precision för flera av artikel 17-naturtyperna. För många av naturtyperna behöver vi förtäta stickprovet, i förhållande till det vi använde 2020, för att kunna detektera förändringar med efterfrågad styrka. Vi gjorde arealskattningar som hade bra precision både för vanliga naturtyper, t.ex. triviallövskogar och öppna kultiverade betesmarker (förväntade relativa medelfel om 12 % respektive 10 % efter fem år), och ovanligare naturtyper, t.ex. ädellövskogar (9020, 9160, 9190) och silikatgräsmarker (6270) (förväntat relativt medelfel om 22 % respektive 15 % efter fem år). Med hjälp av dessa data utvärderade vi 2020-års stickprovsnivåer utifrån de ambitionsnivåer som föreslås av Naturvårdsverket (Jacobson 2010). Möjligheten till att detektera förändringar beror till stor del på hur variabeln korrelerar mellan de två inventeringstillfällena som förändringen mäts och det relativa medelfelet för skattningarna. En hög korrelation och ett lågt relativt medelfel för tillståndsskattningarna ökar möjligheten att upptäcka förändringar. För de vanligare naturtyperna uppnådde vi detta redan med nuvarande dimensionering. För att kunna detektera förändringar över tid med god precision även för de sällsynta naturtyperna med höga naturvärden, skulle vi behöva öka stickprovet ytterligare för flera av dem. Vid en jämförelse med skattade lövskogsnaturtyper baserade på data från Riksskogstaxeringen kan vi dra slutsatsen att data från NILS lövskogsinventering behövs för att uppnå målet att arealskattningarna ska ha relativa medelfel på 20 % eller mindre. Den nya småprovytemetodik som infördes i gräsmarks- och lövskogsinventeringarna 2020 resulterade i att vi registrerade ungefär tre gånger så många arter i snitt per provyta, i fält- och bottenskikt, jämfört med den metodik som användes i NILS basinventering 2003–2020. Resultatet speglar både att storleken på ytan där arter inventeras har ökat och att fler arter lagts till i jämförelse med den lista som användes i NILS basinventering. Vår slutsats är att den nya stickprovsdesignen ger oss ett flexibelt och effektivt verktyg som, med justering av dimensioneringen, kommer att kunna ge oss både tillförlitliga skattningar av samtliga eftersökta naturtypsförekomster och goda möjligheter att detektera förändringar över tid. Redan efter ett år hade vi kommit långt och med fortsatt utveckling av inventeringarna har vi goda förutsättningar att möta både nuvarande och framtida krav för såväl internationell som nationell och regional miljöanalys.
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Lidén, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
-
A fibronectin-binding protein from Streptococcus equi binds collagen and modulates cell-mediated collagen gel contraction
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications - BBRC. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-291X .- 1090-2104. ; 340:2, s. 604-610
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The N-terminal fragment (FNZN) of the fibronectin-binding protein FNZ from Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus was investigated as to effects on murine cell interactions with extracellular matrix proteins. FNZN bound to immobilized fibronectin (FN) and native, but not denatured, collagen type I. FNZN had no effect on primary adhesion of cells from the murine myoblastic C2C12 cell line to immobilized fibronectin. C2C12 cells adhered to immobilized FNZN, a process that was not inhibited by anti-human FN IgG or by an inhibitor of integrin alphaVbeta3. C2C12 cells lack collagen-binding beta1 integrins and neither adhere to native collagen nor mediate contraction of three-dimensional collagen gels. FNZN stimulated collagen gel contraction by C2C12 cells but not adhesion of C2C12 cells to collagen. Experiments with an alphaVbeta3-inhibitor suggested that FNZN promoted contraction by a process requiring alphaVbeta3. Our data suggest that FNZN by binding to cells, collagen, and FN modulate complex adhesive processes mediated by the alphaVbeta3 integrin. Since alphaVbeta3-mediated contractile events function to counteract edema formation during inflammation, it is possible that FNZN and its secreted homologue FNE modulate edema responses in infected tissues.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Aretun, Åsa, 1970-
(författare)
-
Barns ”växa vilt” och vuxnas vilja att forma : Formell och informell socialisation i en muslimsk skola
- 2007
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of the thesis is to examine how children as social beings and actors form themselves within the framework of a school institution that adults have set up in order to shape them in deliberate ways through nurturing education. The study is based on long-term fieldwork in a Muslim faith school in Sweden.Muslim schools have aroused a great deal of debate in Swedish society.Opponents have argued that Muslim schools lead to segregation and social exclusion, that these schools risk not promoting the fundamental values of society and that children in these schools are met by religious propaganda. Advocates of these schools have maintained that in public schools the Muslim identity is eroded by ignorance, lack of understanding and racism. Muslim schools instead offer children knowledge of their culture and religion in a way that enhances their identity and makes them secure and whole human beings who can be integrated into society. The debate reflects that school institutions function as loci for contested forms of socialisation in society; national, ethnic, religious, or the struggle of other groups for cultural production and social reproduction in which they are united in the role and importance attached to the school institution in the shaping of young people. In the debate children appear as passive receivers and products of adults’ upbringing and education, which represents both threat and opportunity.The debate around Muslim schools reflects adult-centred ideas of socialisation, where the adults’ upbringing and education is placed at the centre of the process in which children are formed into social persons. What emerged from this study is that children are social actors who shape themselves and that this shaping is more of an informal social process than a formal education process. The study raises the profile of how the school constitutes an environment in which children are in the majority and adults in the minority; a social environment in which children have significantly more social contact and a greater number of social relations with each other than with adults. The school as a child-centred social environment is reflected in the fact that it is principally children who shape each other rather than adults shaping children.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Becirovic-Agic, Mediha, et al.
(författare)
-
Time course of decompensation after angiotensin II and high-salt diet in Balb/CJ mice suggests pulmonary hypertension-induced cardiorenal syndrome
- 2019
-
Ingår i: American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology. - : the American Physiological Society. - 0363-6119 .- 1522-1490. ; 316:5, s. R563-R570
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The genetic background of a mouse strain determines its susceptibility to disease. C57BL/6J and Balb/CJ are two widely used inbred mouse strains that we found react dramatically differently to angiotensin II and high-salt diet (ANG II + Salt). Balb/CJ show increased mortality associated with anuria and edema formation while C57BL/6J develop arterial hypertension but do not decompensate and die. Clinical symptoms of heart failure in Balb/CJ mice gave the hypothesis that ANG II + Salt impairs cardiac function and induces cardiac remodeling in male Balb/CJ but not in male C57BL/6J mice. To test this hypothesis, we measured cardiac function using echocardiography before treatment and every day for 7 days during treatment with ANG II + Salt. Interestingly, pulsed wave Doppler of pulmonary artery flow indicated increased pulmonary vascular resistance and right ventricle systolic pressure in Balb/CJ mice, already 24 h after ANG II + Salt treatment was started. In addition, Balb/CJ mice showed abnormal diastolic filling indicated by reduced early and late filling and increased isovolumic relaxation time. Furthermore, Balb/CJ exhibited lower cardiac output compared with C57BL/6J even though they retained more sodium and water, as assessed using metabolic cages. Left posterior wall thickness increased during ANG II + Salt treatment but did not differ between the strains. In conclusion, ANG II + Salt treatment causes early restriction of pulmonary flow and reduced left ventricular filling and cardiac output in Balb/CJ, which results in fluid retention and peripheral edema. This makes Balb/CJ a potential model to study the adaptive capacity of the heart for identifying new disease mechanisms and drug targets.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Fjellström, Markus, et al.
(författare)
-
Food, Mobility, and Health in a 17th and 18th Century Arctic Mining Population in Silbojokk, Swedish Sapmi
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Arctic. - : The Arctic Institute of North America. - 0004-0843 .- 1923-1245. ; 74:2, s. 113-238
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Established in 1635, the silver mine of Nasafjall and the smeltery site in Silbojokk in Swedish Sapmi were used during several phases until the late 19th century. Excavations in Silbojokk, c. 40 km from Nasafjall, have revealed buildings such as a smeltery, living houses, a bakery, and a church with a churchyard. From the beginning, both local and non-local individuals worked at the mine and the smeltery. Non-locals were recruited to work in the mine and at the smeltery, and the local Semi population was recruited to transport the silver down to the Swedish coast. Females, males, and children of different ages were represented among the individuals buried at the churchyard in Silbojokk, which was used between c. 1635 and 1770. Here we study diet, mobility, and exposure to lead (Pb) in the smeltery workers, the miners, and the local population. By employing isotopic analysis, delta C-13, delta N-15, delta S-34, Sr-87/Sr-86 and elemental analysis, we demonstrate that individuals in Silbojokk had a homogenous diet, except for two individuals. In addition, both local and non-local individuals were all exposed to Pb, which in some cases could have been harmful to their health.
|
|
| 10. |
- Fjellström, Markus, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
-
Food, mobility and health in an Arctic 17th-18th century mining population
-
Ingår i: Arctic. - 0004-0843 .- 1923-1245.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The silver mine of Nasafjäll and the smeltery site in Silbojokk in Swedish Sápmi were established in 1635 and was used during several phases until the late 19th century. Excavations in Silbojokk, c. 40 km from Nasafjäll have revealed buildings, such as a smeltery, living houses, a bakery, a church with a churchyard. Already at the start, both local and non-local individuals worked at the mine and the smel-tery. Non-locals were recruited to work in the mine and at the smel-tery, and the local Sámi population was recruited to transport the sil-ver down to the Swedish coast. Females, males and children of differ-ent ages were represented among the individuals buried at the church-yard in Silbojokk, used between c. 1635 and 1770. Here we study diet, mobility and exposure to lead in the smeltery workers, the miners and the local population. By employing isotopic analysis, δ13C, δ15N, δ34S, 87/86Sr and elemental composition, we have demonstrated that individ-uals in Silbojokk had a homogenous diet, except for two individuals. In addition, there were local and non-local individuals, and all of them were exposed to lead, that in some cases could have caused death. The environment at Nasafjäll and Silbojokk is still highly toxic.
|
|
