| 1. |
- Baan, Matyas, et al.
(författare)
-
Microplastic Quantification in Nissan and Lagan River Systems in Shore and Bottom Sediments
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Abstract Book. ; , s. 11-11
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Jakobs sjö, an electricity dam of the Nissan River system (Southwest Sweden) is contaminated with large microplastics sedimented out at its shores. In 2021 a field survey of microplastics was carried out in the Nissan River with the Lagan River asreference. We sampled three locations in each river (upstream, lake/dam and downstream). Four replicate bottom and shore sediment samples were taken at each location. Dried samples were fractionated into three size categories (> 2 mm; 2 – 0.9mm; 0.9 – 0.55 mm) and microplastics per area and weight were estimated. We found a higher concentration of large shore microplastics in Jacobs sjö and downstream from it than upstream in the Nissan River. We found no large shore microplastics in the Lagan River system. Smaller size fractions of microplastics were omnipresent in shore and bottom sediments of both rivers. However, the smallest size category tended to be proportionately more dominant at upstream than at downstream locations. This could be explained by biofilm-microplastic floc formation and sedimentation as particles travel downstream. Concentrations of toxicants such as heavy metals can increase thousandfold on the surface of microplastics and since the five heavy metals most likely to sorb to microplastics in a freshwater environment (Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) were all present in Jacobs sjö, we conclude that the high concentrations of microplastics in Jacobs sjö may pose a threat to aquatic life.
|
|
| 2. |
- Carlzon, Linnéa, et al.
(författare)
-
Extreme weather affects Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus tundrius) breeding success in South Greenland
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Ornis Hungarica. - Budapest : Birdlife Hungary. - 1215-1610 .- 2061-9588. ; 26:2, s. 38-50
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to better understand the potential effects of climate change on the Peregrine Falcon, we investigated the relationship between extreme weather events and Peregrines’ breeding success in South Greenland. We defined three variables – number of days with extremely low temperatures, extreme precipitation, consecutive rainy days – and an additive variable, total days with extreme weather, and tested their relationship with Peregrines’ breeding success (measured as young per site and nest success) over a 33 year study period. Breeding success was negatively influenced by the number of days with extreme weather and extremely low temperature. The strongest relationship found was total days with extreme weather in the entire breeding season, which explained 22% and 27% of the variation in nest success and young per site, respectively. The number of days with extreme weather in our study related to fluctuations in the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Thus, with a strengthening of the NAO, linked to climate change, more extreme weather may occur in the Arctic and induce increased variation in Peregrines’ breeding success. Our data did not allow us to pinpoint when in the breeding cycle inclement weather was particularly harmful, and we recommend finer-scale research (e.g. automated nest cameras) to better monitor the species-specific effects of rapidly changing climate.
|
|
| 3. |
- Choudhury, Maidul I., et al.
(författare)
-
Enhancing nitrogen removal through macrophyte harvest and installation of woodchips-based floating beds in surface-flow constructed wetlands
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Chemosphere. - Oxford : Elsevier. - 0045-6535 .- 1879-1298. ; 359
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Wetland management maintains nitrogen (N) removal capacity in mature and overgrown constructed wetlands (CWs). We evaluated whether CW management by macrophyte harvesting, and subsequent installation of woodchips-based floating beds (WFBs) planted with Glyceria maxima and Filipendula ulmaria improved N removal. In sixteen heavily overgrown experimental CWs, we applied four treatments: i) only macrophyte harvesting, ii) 5% of the harvested-CW surface covered with WFBs, iii) 20% WFBs cover, and iv) a control treatment (heavily overgrown). N removal was determined in all wetlands at nine occasions. Plant biomass accrual, N assimilation, and denitrification genes nirS, nirK, nosZI and nosZII on plant roots and woodchips from WFBs were estimated. Macrophyte harvesting improved N removal of heavily overgrown CWs, whereas subsequent WFB installation only sometimes improved N removal. Mean N removal efficiencies (± standard deviation) overall were 41 ± 15 %, 45 ± 20 %, 46 ± 16 % and 27 ± 8.3 % for treatments i to iv, respectively. Relative biomass production, root length and root surface area for G. maxima (mean ± standard deviation: 234 ± 114 %, 40 ± 6.5 cm, 6308 ± 1059 cm2g-1, respectively) were higher than those for F. ulmaria (63 ± 86 %, 28 ± 12 cm, 3131 ± 535 cm2g-1, respectively) whereas biomass N assimilation was higher for F. ulmaria (1.8 ± 0.9 gNm−2 of WFB) than for G. maxima (1.3 ± 0.5 gNm−2 of WFB). Denitrification gene abundance was higher on plant roots than on woodchips while G. maxima hosted higher root denitrification gene abundance than F. ulmaria. We conclude that macrophyte harvesting improves N removal in heavily overgrown CWs. WFBs installation has the potential to support plant growth and denitrification in surface-flow constructed wetlands. Further studies need to evaluate the long-term effects of macrophyte harvesting and WFB installation on N removal in CWs. © 2024 The Authors
|
|
| 4. |
- Diehl, Sebastian, et al.
(författare)
-
Inverse relationship of epilithic algae and pelagic phosphorusin unproductive lakes : Roles of N2 fixers and light
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Freshwater Biology. - Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 0046-5070 .- 1365-2427. ; 63:7, s. 662-675
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 1. Phosphorus (P) often limits the biomass of primary producers in freshwater lakes. However, in unproductive northern lakes, where anthropogenic nitrogen (N) deposition is low, N instead of P can limit primary producers. In addition, light can be limiting to primary producers at high concentrations of coloured dissolved organic matter (cDOM), as cDOM is the major determinant of light penetration in these lakes.2. To address resource limitation of epilithic algal biomass, we repeatedly sampled epilithon (periphyton on stony substrata) in 20 lakes covering a large, correlated cDOM and N-deposition gradient across boreal and subarctic Sweden. Across these lakes, pelagic total N (TN) and total P (TP) were positively correlated, and benthic light supply was negatively correlated, with cDOM. Microscopically determined algal biovolume and epilithic carbon (C), N and P were subsequently regressed against benthic light supply and pelagic TN and TP.3. Patterns in epilithic biovolume were driven by N2-fixing cyanobacteria, which accounted for 2%–90% of total epilithic biovolume. Averaged over the growing season, epilithic algal biovolume, C and N were negatively related to TP and positively to TN, and were highest in the clearest, most phosphorus-poor lakes, where epilithon was heavily dominated by potentially N2-fixing cyanobacteria.4. A structural equation model supports the hypothesis that cDOM had two counteracting effects on total epilithic algal biovolume: a positive one by providing N to algae that depend on dissolved N for growth, and a negative one by shading N2-fixing cyanobacteria, with the negative effect being somewhat stronger.5. Together, these findings suggest that (1) light and N are the main resources limiting epilithic algal biomass in boreal to subarctic Swedish lakes, (2) epilithic cyanobacteria are more competitive in high-light and low-nitrogen environments, where their N2-fixing ability allows them to reach high biomass, and (3) epilithic N increases with N2 fixer biomass and is—seemingly paradoxically—highest in the most oligotrophic lakes. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
|
|
| 5. |
- Furey, Paula C., et al.
(författare)
-
Substratum-Associated Microbiota
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Water environment research. - Alexandria, VA : Water Environment Federation. - 1061-4303 .- 1554-7531. ; 89:10, s. 1634-1675
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This survey of literature on substratum-associated microbiota from 2016 includes highlights of research findings associated with algae, cyanobacteria, and bacteria from a variety of aquatic environments, but primarily freshwaters. It covers topics of relevance to the Water Environment Federation along with those of emerging or recent interest such as nuisance, bloom forming and harmful algae, fossil fuel related contamination, and other environmental pollutants like nanoparticles. Additional interesting findings reported on include general ecology, method development, multistressor interactions, nutrient cycling, taxonomy and systematics, trophic interactions, and biomonitoring, bioassessment, and bioremediation. © 2017 Water Environment Federation
|
|
| 6. |
- Furey, Paula C., et al.
(författare)
-
Substratum‐associated microbiota
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Water environment research. - Hoboken : John Wiley & Sons. - 1061-4303 .- 1554-7531. ; 91:10, s. 1326-1341
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This survey of 2018 literature on substratum‐associated microbiota presents brief highlights on research findings from primarily freshwaters, but includes those froma variety of aquatic ecosystems. Coverage of topics associated with benthic algae andcyanobacteria, though not comprehensive, includes new methods, taxa new to science, nutrient dynamics, trophic interactions, herbicides and other pollutants, metalcontaminants, nuisance, bloom‐forming and harmful algae, bioassessment, andbioremediation. Coverage of bacteria, also not comprehensive, focused on methylation of mercury, metal contamination, toxins, and other environmental pollutants, including oil, as well as the use of benthic bacteria as bioindicators, in bioassessment tools and in biomonitoring. Additionally, we cover trends in recent and emerging topics on substratum‐associated microbiota of relevance to the Water Environment Federation. © 2019 Water Environment Federation.
|
|
| 7. |
- Furey, Paula, et al.
(författare)
-
Substratum-Associated Microbiota
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Water environment research. - Hoboken, NJ : John Wiley & Sons. - 1061-4303 .- 1554-7531. ; 90:10, s. 1171-1205
-
Recension (refereegranskat)abstract
- This review briefly highlights findings from a survey of 2017 literature on substratum-associated microbiota from a variety of aquatic environments, but primarily freshwaters. Centered on algae, cyanobacteria, and bacteria, topics covered include those of relevance to the Water Environment Federation, along with those of recent and emerging interest such as new or updated methods, new and interesting taxa, general ecology, trophic interactions, biogeochemical cycling, aquatic pollutants like herbicides and heavy metals, and nuisance, bloom-forming, or harmful algae. Additional coverage includes studies on bioremediation, bioassessment, biomonitoring and quantification of benthic microbiota. © 2018 Water Environment Federation
|
|
| 8. |
- Kahlert, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Gaps in current Baltic Sea environmental monitoring – Science versus management perspectives
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Marine Pollution Bulletin. - London : Elsevier. - 0025-326X .- 1879-3363. ; 160
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Legislations and commitments regulate Baltic Sea status assessments and monitoring. These assessments suffer from monitoring gaps that need prioritization. We used three sources of information; scientific articles, projectreports and a stakeholder survey to identify gaps in relation to requirements set by the HELCOM's Baltic SeaAction Plan, the Marine Strategy Framework Directive and the Water Framework Directive. The most frequentlymentioned gap was that key requirements are not sufficiently monitored in space and time. Biodiversity monitoringwas the category containing most gaps. However, whereas more than half of the gaps in reports related tobiodiversity, scientific articles pointed out many gaps in the monitoring of pollution and water quality. Animportant finding was that the three sources differed notably with respect to which gaps were mentioned mostoften. Thus, conclusions about gap prioritization for management should be drawn after carefully consideringthe different viewpoints of scientists and stakeholders. © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
|
|
| 9. |
- Kahlert, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Knowledge and monitoring gap analysis with respect to the EU Directives
- 2019
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report presents the results of a review on gaps in Baltic Sea monitoring based on two different information sources: peer-reviewed scientific articles, and BONUS and HELCOM project reports. The reviews are part of the BONUS project FUMARI. Our main questions are:(1) does the current monitoring of the Baltic Sea sufficiently address the requirements set by the Marine Strategy Framework Directive, the Water Framework Directive and the HELCOM´s Baltic Sea Action Plan?(2) what are the most critical shortcomings (gaps) in the current Baltic Sea monitoring programs?We found that scientific articles dealing with Baltic Sea monitoring present a view on main monitoring gap occurrence, that differs from the view presented in reports dealing with the same topic. Both scientific articles and reports agreed that many thematic assessment categories are not monitored sufficiently, often due to insufficient spatial coverage. However, whereas articles often highlight both that a category is not sufficiently monitored, and that there is a lack of indicators, the reports focused more on gaps in data storage or handling, coordination of monitoring, or highlighted plans for new but non-operational indicators. Articles mainly mentioned gaps in relation to Eutrophication, Contaminants, Biodiversity, Commercial fish and shellfish, Food webs, Hydrographical conditions, and No alien species. Reports however indicated primarily Biodiversity gaps, followed by Contaminants and Healthy wildlife, Marine litter, and Sea-floor integrity. Our review also showed that certain categories are underrepresented in the scientific literature, i.e. with few scientists developing indicators or assessing data related to them, potentially indicating a knowledge gap in these fields.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
