| 1. |
- Abate, F., et al.
(författare)
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Smart meters and water leakage detection : A preliminary study
- 2019
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Ingår i: I2MTC 2019 Proceedings. - 9781538634608
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper deals with water leakage beyond the meter at household level. The automatic leakage detection is emerging as priority task for scientists and technicians. Each possible solution must include the use of smart meters for the continuous survey of domestic water consumption. Water smart meters aren't widespread yet, and the few either are prototypes or exhibit not adequate battery and communication performance. The authors, participants to the EMPIR 17IND13 Metrowamet project, propose an embedded system that can work with different water sensors, whose characteristics have been suitably designed for respecting stringent requirements of energy efficiency, computational burden and wireless transmission capability.
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| 2. |
- Adamopoulou, Marianthi, et al.
(författare)
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Improving Cardiac Auscultation Signal Quality by using 4-Channel Stethoscope Array
- 2024
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Ingår i: Conference Record - IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference. - : IEEE conference proceedings. - 9798350380903
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In cardiac auscultation, the ability to clearly hear any existing murmur sounds in heart sounds is crucial for proper diagnosis. This work aims to improve heart sound by the use of a stethoscope array and beamforming technique. The stethoscope array comprises four piezo elements for measurement, placed on the edges of a 40mm by 40mm rectangle. The directionality of the piezo elements reduces the effect of ambient noise in the measurement. The signal amelioration is achieved by isolating the systole and diastole sounds, and independently applying the delay-and-sum beamforming. This thereby makes any existing murmur sounds in the systole and/or diastole more audible and clearer to aid diagnosis. Finally, the designed stethoscope array and signal processing shows a gain of up to 33% for measured healthy heart samples, and up to 63% increase in murmur sound gain for measured sample with medically confirmed murmur.
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| 3. |
- Betta, G., et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of 3D Image-Based Biometric Systems in Dynamic Acquisition Conditions
- 2021
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Ingår i: Conference Record - IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9781728195391
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper focuses on the analysis of biometric measurements in dynamic acquisition conditions and their impact on the reliability of the recognition judgments. To this aim, a suitable simulator of stereoscopic systems has been designed and realized. It relies on a fully simulated procedure based on the following steps: (i) generation of a set of realistic 3D face models through a proper face simulator software; (ii) definition of an arbitrary trajectory for the face models and stereo images to simulate a set of images acquired in different poses (positions and orientations) of the subject during the movement; (iii) addition of selectable levels of motion blur in a controlled environment, to simulate critical acquisition conditions. This procedure allows ensuring that the recognition results are not due to the natural change of expression of real faces or an imperfect image acquisition device. Moreover, every face model is moved exactly with the same trajectory in front of the stereoscopic system, allowing compare the recognition performances all along the trajectory, also in controlled and under repeatable blur levels. A face biometrics procedure, based on a popular recognition algorithm, is then run on the generated images and the recognition performances are analyzed in detail. The achieved results demonstrated how the motion blur and also the slight differences between the acquired images and the reference ones significantly affect the performance in the recognition of such kinds of systems, thus confirming the usefulness of the proposed simulator. © 2021 IEEE.
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| 4. |
- Betta, Giovanni, et al.
(författare)
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Metrological characterization of 3D biometric face recognition systems in actual operating conditions
- 2017
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Ingår i: Acta IMEKO. - : IMEKO International Measurement Confederation. - 2221-870X .- 2221-870X. ; 6:1, s. 33-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nowadays, face recognition systems are going to widespread in many fields of application, from automatic user login for financial activities and access to restricted areas, to surveillance for improving security in airports and railway stations, to cite a few.In such scenarios, the architectures based on stereo vision and 3D reconstruction of the face are going to assume a predominant role because they can generally assure a better reliability than solutions based on a single camera (which make use of a single image instead of a couple of images). To realize such systems, different architectures can be considered by varying the positioning of the pair of cameras with respect to the face of the subject to be identified, as well as both kind and resolution of camera considered. These parameters can affect the correct decision rate of the system in classifying the input face, especially in presence of image uncertainty.In this paper, several 3D architectures differing in camera specifications and geometrical positioning of the camera pair (with respect to the input face) are realized and compared. The detection of facial features in the images is made by adopting a popular method based on the Active Appearance Model (AAM) algorithm. 3D position of facial features is then obtained by means of stereo triangulation. The performance of the realized systems has been compared in terms of sensitivity to the quantities of influence and related uncertainty, and of typical indexes for the analysis of classification systems. Main results of such comparison show that the best performance can be reached by reducing the distance between cameras and subject to be identified and by minimizing the horizontal angle between the plane containing the camera pair axis and the face to be identified.
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| 5. |
- Betta, Giovanni, et al.
(författare)
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Performance Evaluation of Face Classification Systems
- 2016
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Ingår i: Advanced Computer and Communication Engineering Technology. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783319245829 ; , s. 265-277
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper face classification systems based on 3D images are compared in terms of classification and metrological performance in presence of image uncertainty. In previous papers the authors proposed a new approach to classification and recognition problems. It is based on the evaluation of the image uncertainty and on the exploitation of such information to provide the confidence level of classification results. Such approach is here adopted for comparing several 3D architectures, different for camera specifications and geometrical positioning, with the aims of quantifying their performance from a metrological point of view and of identifying the configuration able to optimize the result reliability.
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| 6. |
- Brugés Martelo, Javier Mauricio, et al.
(författare)
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Three-dimensional scanning electron microscopy used as a profilometer for the surface characterization of polyethylene-coated paperboard
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal. - : Walter de Gruyter. - 0283-2631 .- 2000-0669. ; 36:2, s. 276-283
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In food packaging, low-density polyethylene (PE) coating is applied to paperboards to act as a functional barrier and to provide the smoothness required to enhance printability. These characteristics are related to the material’s surface roughness, the parameter monitored during the manufacturing process. Measurement of surface roughness using optical profilometry has gained importance in the paper industry. The optical instruments used to measure surface roughness are limited spatially by the relationship with the light wavelength at which they operate. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is an alternative for overcoming the spatial resolution limitation, and the use of stereo-photogrammetry on SEM images can be seen as an alternative profilometry technique to measure surface roughness. In this investigation, the surface topography of industrially manufactured high-quality PE-coated paperboard was studied, comparing the SEM stereo-photogrammetry technique with a reference profilometry method, i. e., chromatic confocal microscopy (CCM). We found close agreement between the calculated surface roughness and the results of the techniques used and compared them according to the new ISO 25178 Geometric Product Specifications. We concluded that SEM stereo-photogrammetry provides comparable accurate alternative profilometry method for characterizing the surface roughness of PE-coated paperboard in the micrometer scale.
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| 7. |
- Cacciapuoti, S., et al.
(författare)
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A measurement software for professional training in early detection of melanoma
- 2020
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Ingår i: Applied Sciences. - : MDPI AG. - 2076-3417. ; 10:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Software systems have been long introduced as support to the early detection of melanoma through the automatic analysis of suspicious skin lesions. Nevertheless, their behavior is not yet similar to the performance exhibited by expert dermatologists in terms of diagnostic accuracy. Instead, a software system should be adopted by non-experienced dermatologists in order to improve the measurement and detection results for skin atypical patterns and the accuracy of the corresponding second opinion. This paper describes an image-based measurement and classification system able to score pigmented skin lesions according to the Seven-Point Check-list diagnostic method. Focus is devoted to the measurement procedure of biological structures more closely related to the atypical character of the nevus. Moreover, the performances of the measurement system are evaluated by considering the support to dermatologists with different experiences during the clinical activity. © 2020 by the authors.
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| 8. |
- Caro, D. D., et al.
(författare)
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A low-cost device for beer color measurement
- 2019
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Ingår i: 2019 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for Agriculture and Forestry (MetroAgriFor). - 9781728136110 ; , s. 222-226
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Color is an important quality parameter in the beer production. It is usually measured by means of a spectrophotometric method that has been adopted as an international standard by the main brewers associations in the world. The instruments based on this method are always present in the quality laboratory of the industrial breweries, but their cost is often not affordable for the microbreweries that need inexpensive solutions to evaluate the quality parameters of their processes and products. In this work, a low-cost spectrophotometer for the measurement of the color of beer, based on the European Brewery Convention (EBC) international method, is proposed. © 2019 IEEE.
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| 9. |
- Caro, D. Di, et al.
(författare)
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Hazelnut Oil Classification by NMR Techniques
- 2017
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement. - 0018-9456 .- 1557-9662. ; 66:5, s. 928-934
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has been widely used in chemical analysis and medical diagnosis. In recent years, thanks to the development of the NMR instrumentation and the software for data analysis, it is becoming a useful tool for quality control in the food industry. In this field, several applications have been developed related to the compositional and structural analysis, authentication, packaging, and on-line monitoring. This paper highlights the capability of NMR to discern between the oil extracted from healthy and unhealthy hazelnuts, as a preliminary step toward the automatic detection of the hidden defects in full hazelnuts. Different processing techniques are analyzed on the CPMG response in order to set up the final measurement system.
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| 10. |
- Caro, D. Di, et al.
(författare)
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Using a SVD-based algorithm for T2 spectrum calculation in TD-NMR application to detect hidden defects in hazelnuts
- 2017
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Ingår i: 2017 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC). ; , s. 1-6
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hazelnuts are widely used into the confectionary industry for their flavour and taste. Nondestructive techniques are required to detect the quality of the nuts in shell with the aim of avoiding putting a poor product into the market chain. In this work, Time Domain - NMR (TD-NMR) has been employed to detect hidden defects in hazelnuts in shell. In particular, the Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) technique has been used to evaluate the transverse relaxation times, T2, for healthy and unhealthy hazelnuts, highlighting the differences between them. An index that takes in account the different time constants of the transverse relaxation curve has been defined to establish a classification method for the hazelnuts. The results of this work provide a basis for the development of a measurement system for inline inspection of hazelnuts in shell.
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