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| 2. |
- Ahmadi, Mozhgan, et al.
(författare)
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Development of a PID based on-line tar measurement method : Proof of concept
- 2013
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Ingår i: Fuel. - : Elsevier BV. - 0016-2361 .- 1873-7153. ; 113, s. 113-121
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, a proof of concept was conducted for an on-line tar analyzer based on photo ionization detection (PID). Tar model compounds (naphthalene, acenaphthene, acenaphthylene, fluorene, indane and indene) were used for the initial investigation of the analysis method. It was found that the analysis method has a high sensitivity and a linear behavior was observed between the PID response and the tar concentration over a wide concentration span. The on-line tar analysis method was successfully validated against the solid phase adsorption (SPA) method using a real producer gas.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Bellais, Michel, et al.
(författare)
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Pyrolysis of large wood particles : a study of shrinkage importance in simulations
- 2003
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Ingår i: Fuel. - 0016-2361 .- 1873-7153. ; 82:12, s. 1541-1548
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Shrinkage models have been developed and included in a model for the pyrolysis of large wood particles. Shrinkage is modelled in three different ways: uniform shrinkage, shrinking shell and shrinking cylinders. These models and a reference model without shrinkage are compared with experimental data for mass loss versus time during pyrolysis of birch cylinders at different temperatures. In the experiments a wood particle was introduced into a pyrolysis furnace held at constant temperature. The particle mass and volume were recorded using a balance and a video camera. Uniform shrinkage slows down the pyrolysis whereas shrinking shell and cylinder models enhance the pyrolysis rate. The effect was sufficiently small to be neglected given the uncertainty about some wood physical properties.
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| 6. |
- Brandin, Jan, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Unit operations for production of clean hydrogen-rich synthesis gas from gasified biomass
- 2011
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Ingår i: Biomass and Bioenergy. - : Elsevier. - 0961-9534 .- 1873-2909. ; 35:Supplement 1, s. S8-S15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The rebuild of the Växjö Värnamo Biomass Gasification Center (VVBGC) integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) plant into a plant for production of a clean hydrogen rich synthesis gas requires an extensive adaptation of conventional techniques to the special chemical and physical needs found in a gasified biomass environment. The CHRISGAS project has, in a multitude of areas, been responsible for the research and development activities associated with the rebuild. In this paper the present status and some of the issues concerning the upgrading of the product gas from gasified biomass into synthesis gas are addressed. The purpose is to serve as an introduction to the scientific papers written by the partners in the consortium concerning the unit operations of the process.
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| 7. |
- Dahlquist, Erik, 1951-, et al.
(författare)
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Biomass and black liquor gasification
- 2013. - 1
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Ingår i: Technologies for Converting Biomass to Useful Energy. - : CRC Press. - 9780415620888 ; , s. 175-216
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Officially the use of biomass for energy use globally is only 10-13 % of the total energy demand of 140 000 TWh/y. Still, the production of biomass annually is in the range of 270 000 TWh/y. Most of it obviously is not used very efficiently, although some is also used as food. There is thus a need for new methods for converting biomass into refined products like chemicals, fuels, wood and paper products, heat, cooling and electric power. The different type of conversion methods covered is biogas production, bio-ethanol production, torrefaction, pyrolysis, high temperature gasification and combustion. These methods are covered as well as principals for controlling the processes. The suitability for the different methods for different type of biomass as well as different versions of the methods is presented – both existing methods and those being developed for the future. System optimization using modeling methods and simulation is covered as well as analysis of advantages of different solutions. Many key-experts from all over the world are presenting the keys of their specialties to give us an up-to-date view of the situation all over the world. This book has the aim to give facts and inspiration to professionals like engineers and researchers, students as well as those working for different type of authorities or societal organizations.
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| 8. |
- Dahlquist, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Modelling and Simulation of Biomass Conversion Processes
- 2015
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Ingår i: Proceedings - 8th EUROSIM Congress on Modelling and Simulation, EUROSIM 2013. - 9780769550732 ; , s. 506-512
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- By utilizing biomass gasification, the energy contentof the biomass can be utilized to produce gas to be used forcogeneration of heat and power as well as other energy carrierssuch as fuels for vehicles. The concept is suitable forapplication to existing CHP plants as well as for utilizing spentliqour in small scale pulp and paper mills. The introductionwould enable flexible energy utilization, use of problematicfuels as well as protects the environment by e.g. avoiding therelease of toxic substances. In this paper, the possibilities todevelop this concept is discussed. In this paper we comparedifferent gasification processes with respect to what gas qualitywe get, and how the gasification can be modelled usingdifferent modelling approaches, and how these can becombined. Results from simulations are compared toexperimental results from pilot plant operations in differentscales and with different processes like CFB and BFBTechnologies, athmospheric and pressurized, and using steam,air and oxygen as oxidizing media.
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| 9. |
- Davidsson, K. O., et al.
(författare)
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The Pyrolysis Kinetics of a Single Wood Particle
- 2008
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Ingår i: Progress in Thermochemical Biomass Conversion. - Oxford, UK : Wiley-Blackwell. - 9780470694954 ; , s. 1129-1142
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Experimental results from birchwood and pinewood pyrolysis in a new single particle reactor are presented. Apparent lunetic parameters for the mass-loss of wood particles (5-800 mg) at temperatures from 300 to 860°C are determined. Kinetic parameters for the evolution of CO, CO2, H2O, H2 and CH4, are also established. The drylng process was examined and it was found that drying and pyrolysis increasingly overlap in time as temperature rises and that the overlap is substantial above 450 °C.
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| 10. |
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