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- Aramrattana, Maytheewat
(författare)
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Modelling and Simulation for Evaluation of Cooperative Intelligent Transport System Functions
- 2016
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Future vehicles are expected to be equipped with wireless communication technology, that enables them to be “connected” to each others and road infrastructures. Complementing current autonomous vehicles and automated driving systems, the wireless communication allows the vehicles to interact, cooperate, and be aware of its surroundings beyond their own sensors’ range. Such sys- tems are often referred to as Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS), which aims to provide extra safety, efficiency, and sustainability to transporta- tion systems. Several C-ITS applications are under development and will require thorough testing and evaluation before their deployment in the real-world. C- ITS depend on several sub-systems, which increase their complexity, and makes them difficult to evaluate.Simulations are often used to evaluate many different automotive applications, including C-ITS. Although they have been used extensively, simulation tools dedicated to determine all aspects of C-ITS are rare, especially human factors aspects, which are often ignored. The majority of the simulation tools for C-ITS rely heavily on different combinations of network and traffic simulators. The human factors issues have been covered in only a few C-ITS simulation tools, that involve a driving simulator. Therefore, in this thesis, a C-ITS simulation framework that combines driving, network, and traffic simulators is presented. The simulation framework is able to evaluate C-ITS applications from three perspectives; a) human driver; b) wireless communication; and c) traffic systems.Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC) and its applications are chosen as the first set of C-ITS functions to be evaluated. Example scenarios from CACC and platoon merging applications are presented, and used as test cases for the simulation framework, as well as to elaborate potential usages of it. Moreover, approaches, results, and challenges from composing the simulation framework are presented and discussed. The results shows the usefulness of the proposed simulation framework.
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| 2. |
- Aspholm-Hurtig, Marina, et al.
(författare)
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Functional adaptation of BabA, the H. pylori ABO blood group antigen binding adhesin.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Science (New York, N.Y.). - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 1095-9203 .- 0036-8075. ; 305:5683, s. 519-22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adherence by Helicobacter pylori increases the risk of gastric disease. Here, we report that more than 95% of strains that bind fucosylated blood group antigen bind A, B, and O antigens (generalists), whereas 60% of adherent South American Amerindian strains bind blood group O antigens best (specialists). This specialization coincides with the unique predominance of blood group O in these Amerindians. Strains differed about 1500-fold in binding affinities, and diversifying selection was evident in babA sequences. We propose that cycles of selection for increased and decreased bacterial adherence contribute to babA diversity and that these cycles have led to gradual replacement of generalist binding by specialist binding in blood group O-dominant human populations.
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| 3. |
- Johansson, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Factor XII as a Risk Marker for Hemorrhagic Stroke : A Prospective Cohort Study
- 2017
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Ingår i: Cerebrovascular diseases extra. - : S. Karger. - 1664-5456. ; 7:1, s. 84-94
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Coagulation factor XII (FXII) is involved in pathological thrombus formation and is a suggested target of anticoagulants. It is unclear whether FXII levels are correlated with cardiovascular risk factors and whether they are associated with myocardial infarction or ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between FXII and cardiovascular risk factors in the general population. We also aimed to study the associations between FXII levels and future myocardial infarction and ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.METHODS: This prospective cohort study measured FXII levels in 1,852 randomly selected participants in a health survey performed in northern Sweden in 1994. Participants were followed until myocardial infarction, stroke, death, or until December 31, 2011.RESULTS: During the median follow-up of 17.9 years, 165 individuals were diagnosed with myocardial infarction, 108 with ischemic stroke, and 30 with hemorrhagic stroke. There were weak correlations between FXII and body mass index, cholesterol, and hypertension. There was no association between FXII and myocardial infarction or ischemic stroke, neither in univariable Cox regression analysis nor after adjustment for age, sex, smoking, body mass index, cholesterol, hypertension, and diabetes. In univariable Cox regression analysis, the hazard ratio for the association between FXII levels and hemorrhagic stroke was 1.42 per SD (95% confidence interval: 0.99-2.05). In the multivariable model, higher levels of FXII were associated with increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke (hazard ratio 1.51 per SD; 95% confidence interval: 1.03-2.21).CONCLUSION: We found an independent association between FXII levels and the risk of hemorrhagic stroke, but not between FXII levels and ischemic stroke or myocardial infarction.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Lu, Jun, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Tin+1Cn MXenes with fully saturated and thermally stable Cl terminations
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nanoscale Advances. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2516-0230. ; 1:9, s. 3680-3685
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- MXenes are a rapidly growing family of 2D materials that exhibit a highly versatile structure and composition, allowing for significant tuning of the materials properties. These properties are, however, ultimately limited by the surface terminations, which are typically a mixture of species, including F and O that are inherent to the MXene processing. Other and robust terminations are lacking. Here, we apply high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), corresponding image simulations and first-principles calculations to investigate the surface terminations on MXenes synthesized from MAX phases through Lewis acidic melts. The results show that atomic Cl terminates the synthesized MXenes, with mere residual presence of other termination species. Furthermore, in situ STEM-electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) heating experiments show that the Cl terminations are stable up to 750 degrees C. Thus, we present an attractive new termination that widely expands the MXenes functionalization space and enables new applications.
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| 6. |
- Persson, Ingemar, et al.
(författare)
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2D Transition Metal Carbides (MXenes) for Carbon Capture
- 2019
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Ingår i: Advanced Materials. - : WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH. - 0935-9648 .- 1521-4095. ; 31:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Global warming caused by burning of fossil fuels is indisputably one of mankinds greatest challenges in the 21st century. To reduce the ever-increasing CO2 emissions released into the atmosphere, dry solid adsorbents with large surface-to-volume ratio such as carbonaceous materials, zeolites, and metal-organic frameworks have emerged as promising material candidates for capturing CO2. However, challenges remain because of limited CO2/N-2 selectivity and long-term stability. The effective adsorption of CO2 gas (approximate to 12 mol kg(-1)) on individual sheets of 2D transition metal carbides (referred to as MXenes) is reported here. It is shown that exposure to N-2 gas results in no adsorption, consistent with first-principles calculations. The adsorption efficiency combined with the CO2/N-2 selectivity, together with a chemical and thermal stability, identifies the archetype Ti3C2 MXene as a new material for carbon capture (CC) applications.
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| 7. |
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Rabalder i människans provins : Fem forskare om dataåldern
- 1987. - 1:1
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I 1984 års forskningspolitiska proposition framhålls behovet av kunskap om sambandet mellan individen, samhället och datatekniken. Där sägs bl a följande:"När det gäller att öka kunskapen om sambanden mellan individen, samhället och datatekniken är det enligt min mening angeläget att den kunskap som finns uppbyggd inom skilda discipliner, främst inom det samhällsvetenskapliga och humanistiska området kring individen och samhället, kan utnyttjas som underlag fö r beslut rörande användningen av den nya tekniken som samhället nu står inför. En samverkan mellan forskare från skilda discipliner är här nödvändig." (s 16, bil S)För att stimulera sådan samverkan anslogs särskilda medel. En del av dessa ställdes till förfogande för "utarbetande av en kunskaps- och problemöversikt rörande datoriseringens och informationsteknologins samhällskonsekvenser." Denna uppgift har anförtrotts en nationellt rekryterad ledningsgrupp.Gruppen har valt att betona ett grundläggande humanistiskt förhållningssätt. Gruppen vill också söka stimulera forskning och kunskapsuppbyggnad av långsiktig och perspektivgrundande karaktär, med andra ord sådan som bäst utförs inom olika institutioner vid universitet och högskolor.Dock är det angeläget att understryka att det givna uppdraget, även med de nämnda begränsningarna, är mycket omfattande. Ledningsgruppen har därför valt att initiera studier inom vissa till synes centrala och tidigare ej alltför ofta uppmärksammade områden. Som ett led i arbetet har gruppen valt att ge ut den här föreliggande antologin. Den innehåller ett antal uppsatser författade av några forskare, vilka gruppen engagerat för arbetet i fråga. Härtill kommer också en selektiv bibliografi, som en särskilt engagerad bibliotekarie utarbetat i samråd med författarna. Författarna svarar själva för innehållet i sina uppsatser, men det förtjänar att påpekas att de utarbetats i intern kontakt och diskussion.Det är ledningsgruppens förhoppning att antologin både skall fungera som informationskälla och bidra till fo rtsatt debatt och forskning om de viktiga mänskliga och samhälleliga möjligheter och problem som är förenade med den nya informationsteknologin.Peter Seipel, ordförande Ingemar Lind
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