| 1. |
- Brorsson, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Fears of disease and disability in elderly primary health care patients
- 1998
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Ingår i: Patient Education and Counseling. - 0738-3991. ; 34:1, s. 75-81
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Some diseases are more frightening than others to patients and every culture or society has its own most dreaded disease(s). In some previous studies it has been shown that the fears of the patients sometimes have their roots in events in family history. In this qualitative study fourteen men and women aged 66-83 years, all of whom were primary care patients were interviewed with regard to their fears in connection with their present symptoms as well as in general. The results showed that diseases believed to entail disability, bodily changes and/or loss of control over body or environment, were the most feared. These diseases are also likely to stigmatise or shame the bearer, i.e., to change the identity for the worse. This is in line with other studies, where control and autonomy is demonstrated to be essential for elderly people's self-esteem.
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| 2. |
- Brorsson, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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My family dies from heart attacks. How hypercholesterolaemic men refer to their family history
- 1995
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Ingår i: Family Practice. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1460-2229 .- 0263-2136. ; 12:4, s. 433-437
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patients often worry considerably about biomedically mild and self-limiting conditions. A previous study on non-selected primary care patients showed that this could be partly explained by frequent associations with cases of serious illness in their family histories. This study further investigated these phenomena in middle aged men with a recent diagnosis of hypercholesterolaemia. Sixty-three out of 453, 35-45-year-old male participants were diagnosed with moderate hypercholesterolaemia (6.5-7.7 mmol/l) in a health survey and received 20-30 minutes of life-style counselling. These sessions were audio-taped, transcribed and analysed with respect to the subjects' references to their family histories. Of the 63 men, 28 (45%) mentioned their family history. The main content category in these talks was perceived threat or risk, comprising the seriousness of the event in the family history on one hand and its believed relevance on the other. Fatal, serious or premature disease was discussed. Prevailing lay knowledge and beliefs about hypercholesterolaemia, risk factors and disease causation seemed to determine what conditions in the family history were judged relevant by the men. Several of the men referred to heredity and several regarded emotional closeness important. In a few cases the event referred to mainly functioned as an illustration or example of lay knowledge and beliefs. This study provides support for the view that the family history can play an important role for how asymptomatic patients interpret their risk factors for disease. This is important for the development of consultation skills.
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| 3. |
- Bustos-Castro, Paula, et al.
(författare)
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Place, discourse and vulnerability-a qualitative study of young adults living in a Swedish urban poverty zone.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Health and Place. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-2054 .- 1353-8292. ; 10:3, s. 259-272
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents findings from a qualitative study of young adults living in a relatively deprived metropolitan area in Sweden. The analysis of interview data yielded four separate types of neighbourhood discourses, each related to a major hegemonic ‘discourse of the problematic area’. The discursive model was used to disclose different patterns of vulnerability, at both the individual and the community level. The discourses are suggested to function as mechanisms through which the spatial context, defined in structural and relational terms, could be linked to health and well-being.
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| 4. |
- Hallberg, Ann-Christine, et al.
(författare)
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Parents: the best experts in child health care? Viewpoints from parents and staff concerning child health services
- 2001
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Ingår i: Patient Education and Counseling. - 0738-3991. ; 44:2, s. 151-159
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to describe what parents and staff think about child health care, to identify agreements and disagreements. A qualitative study was made with semi-structured interviews based on a phenomenographic approach. Sixty parents, 14 nurses and six doctors from southern Sweden were interviewed. Parents and staff emphasized two tasks as being of particular importance: support and check-ups. There was a conflict between parents' need for security versus integrity. Individual nurses experienced a conflict between what they wanted to do and what they felt that they had to do. The parents viewed parental education as a chance to exchange experiences with other parents and receive support from other adults, while the staff mainly saw it as an opportunity to inform parents and strengthen them in their parental role. The study gives grounds for reflection about how the work of child health care can be changed in the future.
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| 5. |
- Hallberg, Ann-Christine, et al.
(författare)
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Swedish child health care in a changing society.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 1471-6712 .- 0283-9318. ; 19:3, s. 196-203
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 6. |
- Hultberg, Tove, et al.
(författare)
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The late-Holocene decline of Tilia in relation to climate and human activities - pollen evidence from 42 sites in southern Sweden
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Biogeography. - : Wiley. - 0305-0270 .- 1365-2699. ; 44:10, s. 2398-2409
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The dominant role of Tilia in primeval forests of Scandinavia has long been recognized, but the timing and mechanisms for its decline have not been completely unravelled. A particular uncertainty involves the balance between climate and human activities as the drivers of the change. One reason for the uncertainty is the challenge in evaluating the past cover of the genus owing to its poorly dispersed pollen; another is that a multi-site study would be required to trace subregional differences. To overcome these obstacles, we here apply two different analytical methods to pollen data from 42 sites in two distinct vegetation zones of Sweden. Location: Temperate and hemi-boreal vegetation zones of southern Sweden. Methods: Generalized additive mixed models (GAMM) were used to model the development of Tilia and cereal pollen percentages over time. Twelve sites were used for reconstruction of local cover of Tilia using the landscape reconstruction algorithm (LRA). Results: Before 4000 cal. bp the Tilia mean pollen percentages were similar in the two vegetation zones. Thereafter, values in the hemi-boreal zone declined, with less Tilia since around 3000 cal. bp. In contrast, Tilia did not decrease in the temperate zone until this past millennium. The LRA application revealed that in some forests a large cover of Tilia remained considerably longer than has traditionally been estimated by pollen percentages alone. Main conclusions: By using a large coherent dataset we found significant differences in how the abundance and distribution of Tilia changed through time between two adjacent vegetation zones. We interpret the initial decline in the northern hemi-boreal zone to be driven by cooling climate, and the later decline in the southern temperate zone to be driven more by human land-use.
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| 7. |
- Lindbladh, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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An economic and sociological interpretation of social differnces in health-related behaviour: An encounter as a guide to social epidemoiology
- 1996
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Ingår i: Social Science and Medicine. - 1873-5347. ; 43:12, s. 1817-1827
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We argue that the group-centred analyses of social epidemiology should follow from theoretical considerations that take the situation of the individual as their natural starting point. In a tentative dialogue between economics and sociology, we develop a framework for the analysis of health-related behaviour. Such behaviour is modelled as a process of decision-making at the individual level. Within economics, we draw specifically on the demand-for-health literature and the new institutional economics. Within sociology, Bourdieu's habitus theory is presented in combination with a macro-structural approach where the focus is on the process of individualization. The relationship between these different approaches to health-related behaviour and their implications is discussed. We find that the encounter between different sciences provides valuable insights for future work in the socio-epidemiological tradition.
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| 8. |
- Lindbladh, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Equity is out of fashion? An essay on autonomy and health policy in the individualized society
- 1998
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Ingår i: Social Science and Medicine. - 1873-5347. ; 46:8, s. 1017-1025
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is widely recognized that there is a discrepancy between principle and practice with respect to the health equity aim of public policy. This discrepancy is analyzed from two theoretical perspectives: the individualization of society and the fact that individual beliefs and values are connected to one’s position in the social structure. These mechanisms influence both the choice of health policy measures and the normative judgements of preventive efforts, both of which tend to be consonant with the views of dominant social groups. In particular, we focus on the treatment of the ethical principle of autonomy and how this is reflected in health policy aimed at influencing health-related behaviour. We examine the current trend towards targeting health information campaigns on certain socio-economic groups and argue that it entails an ethical dilemma. The dominant discourse of the welfare state is contemplated as a means to understand why there tend to be a lack of emphasis on measures that are targeted at socio-economic inequalities. It is argued that there is no substantive basis in the individualized society for perceiving health equity as an independent moral principle and that the driving force behind the professed health equity goal may be in essence utilitarian.
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| 9. |
- Lindbladh, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Habit versus choice: the process of decision-making in health-related behaviour.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Social Science and Medicine. - 1873-5347. ; 55:3, s. 451-465
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Social differences in the role of habits in health-related behaviour are explored within both sociology and economics, where we define habits as non-reflective, repetitive behaviour. The corresponding theoretical perspectives are the habitus theory, the theory of individualization, and habits as rational decision rules. Sixteen thematically structured interviews are analysed using qualitative methodology. Three aspects of habits emerged from the narrative: the association between habits and preferences, habits as a source of utility, and the relationship between habits and norms. We find that people in lower social positions are more inclined to rely on their habits and are accordingly less likely to change their behaviour. These differences are reinforced as not only the disposition to maintain habits but also the tendency to conceive of the habitual as something good seems to be strengthened in lower social positions. We also note that the intensified individualization that characterizes current society erodes the basis for habit-governed behaviour, which may also contribute to social differences in well-being. Finally, we find that the scientific dialogue has enriched both scientific paradigms, and suggest as a tentative hypothesis that the traditional economic rational-actor model may be relatively less applicable to those with limited resources.
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| 10. |
- Lindbladh, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Polarization in the reaction to health-risk information: a question of social position?
- 2003
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Ingår i: Risk Analysis: an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis. - : Wiley. - 1539-6924. ; 23:4, s. 841-855
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dissemination of risk information is ubiquitous in contemporary society. We explore how individuals react in everyday life to health-risk information, based on what they report in personal interviews. Health-risk information was without exception recognized as unstable and inconsistent. This conformity, however, did not extend to the narratives regarding how health-risk information should be handled. Two opposite positions (ideal-typical strategies) are presented. Either you tend to process and evaluate new information or you tend to ignore it as a whole. Our attempt to reveal the underlying rationality in these two very different approaches involved the exploration of three different avenues of interpretation and brings together two scientific paradigms—economics and sociology—that provide the framework for our analysis. First, we suggest that a greater long-term experience of explicit choice implies that this kind of action becomes more natural and less resource consuming, whereas a reliance on habits in daily life—a natural adjustment to a lack of resources—makes it is more costly to bother about new information. Second, with fewer resources in the short run, fewer opportunities to mitigate bad outcomes, and greater exposure to social and material risks, one is less likely to devote resources to deal with health-risk information. Third, there are several possible links between a low propensity to take account of risk information and a high relative importance of genuine uncertainty in one's life. These theoretical perspectives provide a viable set of hypotheses regarding mechanisms that may contribute to social differences in the response to health-risk information.
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