| 1. |
- Andersson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Replication-biased genome organisation in the crenarchaeon Sulfolobus
- 2010
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Ingår i: BMC Genomics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2164. ; 11, s. 454-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Species of the crenarchaeon Sulfolobus harbour three replication origins in their single circular chromosome that are synchronously initiated during replication. Results: We demonstrate that global gene expression in two Sulfolobus species is highly biased, such that early replicating genome regions are more highly expressed at all three origins. The bias by far exceeds what would be anticipated by gene dosage effects alone. In addition, early replicating regions are denser in archaeal core genes (enriched in essential functions), display lower intergenic distances, and are devoid of mobile genetic elements. Conclusion: The strong replication-biased structuring of the Sulfolobus chromosome implies that the multiple replication origins serve purposes other than simply shortening the time required for replication. The higher-level chromosomal organisation could be of importance for minimizing the impact of DNA damage, and may also be linked to transcriptional regulation.
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| 2. |
- Jönsson, Tommy, et al.
(författare)
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Agrarian diet and diseases of affluence--do evolutionary novel dietary lectins cause leptin resistance?
- 2005
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Ingår i: BMC Endocrine Disorders. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1472-6823. ; 5:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The global pattern of varying prevalence of diseases of affluence, such as obesity, cardiovascular disease and diabetes, suggests that some environmental factor specific to agrarian societies could initiate these diseases. PRESENTATION OF THE HYPOTHESIS: We propose that a cereal-based diet could be such an environmental factor. Through previous studies in archaeology and molecular evolution we conclude that humans and the human leptin system are not specifically adapted to a cereal-based diet, and that leptin resistance associated with diseases of affluence could be a sign of insufficient adaptation to such a diet. We further propose lectins as a cereal constituent with sufficient properties to cause leptin resistance, either through effects on metabolism central to the proper functions of the leptin system, and/or directly through binding to human leptin or human leptin receptor, thereby affecting the function. TESTING THE HYPOTHESIS: Dietary interventions should compare effects of agrarian and non-agrarian diets on incidence of diseases of affluence, related risk factors and leptin resistance. A non-significant (p = 0.10) increase of cardiovascular mortality was noted in patients advised to eat more whole-grain cereals. Our lab conducted a study on 24 domestic pigs in which a cereal-free hunter-gatherer diet promoted significantly higher insulin sensitivity, lower diastolic blood pressure and lower C-reactive protein as compared to a cereal-based swine feed. Testing should also evaluate the effects of grass lectins on the leptin system in vivo by diet interventions, and in vitro in various leptin and leptin receptor models. Our group currently conducts such studies. IMPLICATIONS OF THE HYPOTHESIS: If an agrarian diet initiates diseases of affluence it should be possible to identify the responsible constituents and modify or remove them so as to make an agrarian diet healthier.
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| 3. |
- Lindeberg, S, et al.
(författare)
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Large differences in serum leptin levels between nonwesternized and westernized populations : the Kitava study.
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 249:6, s. 553-558
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To compare serum leptin between nonwesternized and westernized populations.SETTING: (i) The tropical island of Kitava, Trobriand Islands, Papua New Guinea and (ii) the Northern Sweden MONICA study population. Design. Cross-sectional survey.METHODS: Fasting levels of serum leptin were analysed in 163 randomly selected Kitavans aged 20-86 years and in 224 Swedes aged 25-74.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Mean and determinants of serum leptin.RESULTS: Geometric mean of serum leptin in Kitavan males and females were 1.5 and 4.0 vs. 4.9 and 13.8 ng mL-1 in Swedish male and females (P < 0.0001 for both sexes). In Kitavans, observed geometric mean were close to predicted levels (1.8 ng mL(-1) for males and 4.5 ng mL-1 for females) based on multiple linear regression equations including body mass index (BMI), triceps skinfolds (TSF) and age from the Swedish population-based sample. In Kitavans serum leptin was positively related to TSF amongst both sexes and, amongst females, to BMI. In Kitavans leptin was not related to fasting serum insulin. TSF explained 55% of the variation of leptin amongst females. There was a slight age-related increase of leptin amongst males. In Kitava leptin was not related to fasting serum insulin which was substantially lower than in Sweden.CONCLUSION: The low concentrations of serum leptin amongst Kitavans probably relates to the absence of overweight and hyperinsulinaemia. At a population level serum leptin can apparently be predicted from simple measures of adiposity.
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| 4. |
- Maki, Atsuto, et al.
(författare)
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In Memoriam : Jan-Olof Eklundh
- 2022
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. - : IEEE COMPUTER SOC. - 0162-8828 .- 1939-3539. ; 44:9, s. 4488-4489
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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