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| 2. |
- Chateau, Denis, et al.
(författare)
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Long Distance Enhancement of Nonlinear Optical Properties Using Low Concentration of Plasmonic Nanostructures in Dye Doped Monolithic Sol-Gel Materials.
- 2016
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Ingår i: Advanced Functional Materials. - Weinheim : Wiley. - 1616-301X .- 1616-3028. ; 26:33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Monolithic sol-gel silica composites incorporating platinum-based chromophores and various types of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are prepared and polished to high optical quality. Their photophysical properties are investigated. The glass materials show well-defined localized surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorbance from the visible to NIR. No redshifts of the AuNP plasmon absorption peaks due to the increase in nanoparticle doping concentration are observed in the glasses, proving that no or very small SPR coupling effects occur between the AuNPs. At 600 nm excitation, but not at 532 nm, the AuNPs improve the nonlinear absorption performance of glasses codoped with 50 × 10−3 m of a Pt-acetylide chromophore. The glasses doped with lower concentrations of AuNPs (2-5 μm average distance) and 50 × 10−3 m in chromophore, show a marked improvement in nonlinear absorption, with no or only small improvement for the more highly AuNP doped glasses. This study shows the importance of excitation wavelength and nanoparticle concentration for composite systems employing AuNPs to improve two-photon absorption of chromophores. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Gustavsson, Martin G. H., et al.
(författare)
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Research & Innovation Platform for Electric Road Systems
- 2021
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Swedish government has prioritized achieving a fossil fuel-independent vehicle fleet by 2030 which will require radical transformation of the transport industry. Electrifying the vehicle fleet forms an important part of this transformation. For light vehicles, electrification using batteries and charging during parking is already well advanced. For city buses, charging at bus stops and bus depots is being developed, but for heavy, long-distance road transport, batteries with enough capacity to provide sufficient range would be too cumbersome and too much time would have to be spent stationary for charging.One solution might be the introduction of electric roads, supplying the moving vehicle with electricity both to power running and for charging. In the longer term, this approach could also be used for light vehicles and buses.The objective of the Research and Innovation Platform for Electric Roads was to enhance Swedish and Nordic research and innovation in this field, this has been done by developing a joint knowledge base through collaboration with research institutions, universities, public authorities, regions, and industries.The work of the Research and Innovation Platform was intended to create clarity concerning the socioeconomic conditions, benefits, and other effects associated with electric roads. We have investigated the benefits from the perspectives of various actors, implementation strategies, operation and maintenance standards, proposed regulatory systems, and factors conducive of the acceptance and development of international collaborative activities.The project commenced in the autumn of 2016 and the main research continued until December 2019, the work during year 2020 has been focused on knowledge spread and coordination with the Swedish-Germany research collaboration on ERS (CollERS). The results of the Research and Innovation Platform have been disseminated through information meetings, seminars, and four annual international conferences. Reports have been published in the participating partners’ ordinary publication series and on www.electricroads.org. The project was funded by Strategic Vehicle Research and Innovation (FFI) and the Swedish Transport Administration.
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| 5. |
- Höjgård, Sören, et al.
(författare)
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Discounting and clinical decision making: physicians, patients, the general public, and the management of asymptomatic abdominal aortic aneurysms.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Health Economics. - : Wiley. - 1099-1050 .- 1057-9230. ; 11:4, s. 355-370
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Clinical decisions often entail in intertemporal trade-off. Moreover, they often involve physicians of different specialities. In an experiment dealing with the management of small asymptomatic abdominal aortic aneurysms (a clinically relevant problem) we find that specialists in internal medicine exhibit higher implicit discount rates than vascular surgeons, general practitioners, and actual and prospective patients. Several personal characteristics expected to be directly related to pure time-preference and risk aversion (gender, smoking habits, age, place of employment) have the hypothesised effects. Additionally, financial incentives appear to affect the estimated implicit discount rates of physicians, but are unlikely to have caused the inter-group differences. Differences in discount rates could lead to variations in clinical practice, which may conflict with equality of treatment or equal access to health care. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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| 6. |
- Lindbladh, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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An economic and sociological interpretation of social differnces in health-related behaviour: An encounter as a guide to social epidemoiology
- 1996
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Ingår i: Social Science and Medicine. - 1873-5347. ; 43:12, s. 1817-1827
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We argue that the group-centred analyses of social epidemiology should follow from theoretical considerations that take the situation of the individual as their natural starting point. In a tentative dialogue between economics and sociology, we develop a framework for the analysis of health-related behaviour. Such behaviour is modelled as a process of decision-making at the individual level. Within economics, we draw specifically on the demand-for-health literature and the new institutional economics. Within sociology, Bourdieu's habitus theory is presented in combination with a macro-structural approach where the focus is on the process of individualization. The relationship between these different approaches to health-related behaviour and their implications is discussed. We find that the encounter between different sciences provides valuable insights for future work in the socio-epidemiological tradition.
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| 7. |
- Lindgren, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Financing healthcare
- 2010
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Ingår i: Population Ageing - A Threat to the Welfare State? The Case of Sweden. - 1613-5520. ; , s. 81-107
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
- Lindgren, Hampus, et al.
(författare)
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Potential interplay between tumor size and vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms in breast cancer prognosis : a prospective cohort study
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Ingår i: Cancer Causes and Control. - 0957-5243.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Vitamin D has some anticancer properties that may decrease breast cancer risk and improve prognosis. The aim was to investigate associations between four previously studied VDR SNPs (Taq1, Tru91, Bsm1, and Fok1) and prognosis in different groups of breast cancer patients. Methods: VDR genotyping of 1,017 breast cancer patients included 2002–2012 in Lund, Sweden, was performed using Oncoarray. Follow-up was until June 30, 2019. Clinical data and patient information were collected from medical records and questionnaires. Cox regression was used for survival analyses. Results: Genotype frequencies were as follows: Fok1 (AA 15.7%, AG 49.1%, GG 35.1%), Bsm1 (CC 37.2%, CT 46.1%, TT 16.7%), Tru91 (CC 77.8%, CT 20.7%, TT 1.5%), and Taq1 (AA 37.2%, AG 46.2%, GG 16.6%). During follow-up there were 195 breast cancer events. The homozygous variants of Taq1 and Bsm1 were associated with reduced risk of breast cancer events (adjusted HR = 0.59, 95% CI 0.38–0.92 for Taq1 and adjusted HR = 0.61, 95% CI 0.40–0.94 for Bsm1). The G allele of the Fok1 was associated with increased risk of breast cancer events in small tumors (pT1, adjusted HR = 1.83, 95% CI 1.04–3.23) but not in large tumors (pT2/3/4, adjusted HR = 0.80, 95% CI 0.41–1.59) with a borderline interaction (Pinteraction = 0.058). No interactions between VDR genotypes and adjuvant treatments regarding breast cancer prognosis were detected. Conclusion: VDR genotypes were associated with breast cancer prognosis and the association might be modified by tumor size. Further research is needed to confirm the findings and elucidate their potential clinical implications.
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| 9. |
- Lunden, Hampus, et al.
(författare)
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An optical power limiting and ultrafast photophysics investigation of a series of multi-branched heavy atom substituted fluorene molecules
- 2019
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Ingår i: Inorganics. - : MDPI AG. - 2304-6740. ; 7:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A common molecular design paradigm for optical power limiting (OPL) applications is to introduce heavy atoms that promote intersystem crossing and triplet excited states. In order to investigate this effect, three multi-branched fluorene molecules were prepared where the central moiety was either an organic benzene unit, para-dibromobenzene, or a platinum(II)-alkynyl unit. All three molecules showed good nanosecond OPL performance in solution. However, only the dibromobenzene and Pt-alkynyl compounds showed strong microsecond triplet excited state absorption (ESA). To investigate the photophysical cause of the OPL, especially for the fully organic molecule, photokinetic measurements including ultrafast pump-probe spectroscopy were performed. At nanosecond timescales, the ESA of the organic molecule was larger than the two with intersystem crossing (ISC) promoters, explaining its good OPL performance. This points to a design strategy where the singlet-state ESA is balanced with the ISC rate to increase OPL performance at the beginning of a nanosecond pulse.
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| 10. |
- Lunden, Hampus, et al.
(författare)
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Dispersion and self-orientation of gold nanoparticles in sol-gel hybrid silica - optical transmission properties
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry C. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2050-7526 .- 2050-7534. ; 3:5, s. 1026-1034
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Silica-based hybrid materials doped with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) of different shapes were prepared with an adapted sol-gel technology (using MTEOS) and polished to high optical quality. Both spherical (23 and 45 nm in diameter) and bipyramidal (36, 50 and 78 nm in length) AuNPs were prepared and used as dopants. The AuNPs were functionalized with a novel silicone polymer for compatibilization with the sol-gel medium. The glass materials showed well defined localized surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorbance from the visible to NIR. No redshifts in the spectra, due to the increase in doping concentration, were observed in the glasses, proving that no or very small SPR coupling effects occur. Spectroscopic Muller Matrix Ellipsometry showed that the shorter bipyramidal AuNPs (36 and 50 nm in length) have a clear preferred orientation in the MTEOS matrix, i.e. a tendency to be oriented with their long axis in the plane parallel to the glass surfaces. Dispersions of AuNPs have proven to be good optical power limiters that depend on particle size and geometry. The solid-state glass materials showed good optical power limiting at 532 nm for nanosecond pulses, which did not depend on the size or geometry of the AuNPs. In contrast to the observation at 532 nm, at 600 nm no optical limiting effect was observed. In these solids, as for dispersions of AuNPs, the optical limiting response is caused by scattering.
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