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- Jonsson, Emma, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Attrition during Basic Military Training in the Swedish Armed Forces
- 2018
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Attrition from basic military training is a serious and costly problem for Armed Forces. When the Swedish Armed Forces transformed from a conscript-based force to an all-volunteer force in 2010 the knowledge about reasons for attrition decreased, due to changed procedures. Today a recruit can leave basic military training within 24 hours and without further explanations. The project “Systematic follow-up of the psychological selection”, aims at developing the admission tests, the basic military training and the work environment at the military units in order to reduce attrition. The project is a collaboration between the Swedish Armed Forces including the Internal Occupational Health Care Center and Human Resources, the Swedish Defence Recruitment Agency and the Swedish Defence University.Data is collected from the admission tests, questionnaires (first week/baseline, and last week of training) and interviews with recruits who drop out. The project aims to predict attrition caused by other factors than injuries and to predict further engagement/employment in the Swedish Armed Forces.Partly due to difficulties to employ sufficient numbers to the Swedish Armed Forces, the Swedish Government have decided to reestablish the conscription in 2018. The conscription will be gender neutral and work as a complement to the volunteer recruitment. We believe that the methods of this project and the knowledge gained are as reliable for a conscript-based training as for a volunteer training.
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| 2. |
- Jonsson, Emma, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Metodförsök med systematisk urvalsuppföljning : Delrapport: Resultat och erfarenheter från 2016
- 2018
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Syftet med metodförsöket med systematisk urvalsuppföljning är att fördjupa förståelsen för avgångs- och framgångsorsaker under militär grundutbildning vid Försvarsmakten, samt att kunna använda resultaten som underlag för anpassning av krav, tester, urvalskriterier och utbildning.I projektet samarbetar Försvarsmakten, Rekryteringsmyndigheten och Försvarshögskolan för att identifiera faktorer som predicerar avgångar från den militära grundutbildningen vid Försvarsmakten och samtidigt identifiera framgångsfaktorer för kostnadseffektivt och träffsäkert urval vid Rekryteringsmyndigheten.Denna delrapport presenterar erfarenheter, resultat och åtgärdsförslag från det andra försöket med systematisk urvalsuppföljning avseende militärpsykologiskt urval som genomfördes med rekryter som ryckte in under 2016.
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| 3. |
- Jonsson, Emma, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Metodförsök med systematisk urvalsuppföljning : Delrapport: Erfarenheter och resultat från 2017
- 2019
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Syftet med metodförsöket med systematisk urvalsuppföljning är att utveckla metoder för inhämtning och analys av information om rekryter som avgår och fullföljer grundutbildningen, samt att undersöka om valda metoder genererar tillräckligt bra underlag för att kontinuerligt utveckla antagningsprövning, rekrytutbildning och utbildningsmiljö vid förband.I projektet samarbetar Försvarsmakten, Rekryteringsmyndigheten och Försvarshögskolan för att identifiera framgångsfaktorer för kostnadseffektivt och träffsäkert urval, samt att identifiera faktorer som som predicerar avgångar från den militära grundutbildningen vid Försvarsmakten och som predicerar fortsatt engagemang i Försvarsmakten direkt efter grundutbildningen. Denna delrapport presenterar erfarenheter, resultat och åtgärdsförslag från projektet med systematisk urvalsuppföljning avseende militärpsykologiskt urval som genomfördes med rekryter som ryckte in under 2017.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Jonsson, Emma, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Systematic follow-up of the psychological selection to the Swedish Armed Forces
- 2017
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The transition from a conscript-based force to an all-volunteer force in Sweden 2010 implied changes for selection and training as well as for the procedure for attrition from the basic military training. Today a recruit can leave basic military training within 24 hours and without further explanations. As a consequence, the changed procedure when a recruit leaves training has caused a lack of information of reasons for attrition and lack of feedback to the Swedish Defence Recruitment Agency who is responsible for the assessments and selection of recruits. The first step to re-establish a systematic follow-up of the psychological selection and to validate the selection procedure has started. The aim of this project is to gain knowledge of reasons for attrition from basic military training in order to predict attrition and to predict successful 76 recruitment (defined as signing a contract with the Swedish Armed Forces). Results from 2015 (478 questionnaires and 36 interviews) indicate that it is not only the selection that contributes to successful recruitment, but also the training period and the leadership of the officers. Further, the results have facilitated the development of questionnaires, interview guides, instructions and methods for future studies. The project is a collaboration between the Swedish Armed Forces including the Internal Occupational Health Care Center and Human Resources, the Swedish Defence Recruitment Agency and the Swedish Defence University.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Jonsson, Emma, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Trying out a systematic follow-up of the selection to the Swedish Armed Forces
- 2015
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Attrition is a serious and costly problem for many Armed Forces. The attrition rate in the Swedish Armed Forces basic military training 2014 was 16 percent. The main reasons given for dropping out were health/ injury related but also reasons related to changed career ambitions, such as starting another line of work or studies. The aim of our project that we will present is to gain a deeper understanding about the recruits who choose to leave compared to those who remain during basic military training. Another goal is to plan a long-term systematic follow-up with the possibility to develop requirements, assessments, selection criteria and training by evaluating the predictive power of the selection. The project includes a psychological follow-up of the drop outs, and will later also include physiological and medical follow-ups. The project is a collaboration between the Swedish Armed Forces including the Internal Occupational Health Care Center and Human Resources, the Swedish Defence Recruitment Agency and the Swedish Defence University. In the presentation the project will be illustrated from different perspectives. Aim, practical implementation and results of the qualitative and quantitative data collections will also be presented.
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| 9. |
- Lindgren, Marie, 1981-
(författare)
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Characterization of the attenuated Francisella tularensis strain FSC043 : with special focus on the gene pdpC
- 2013
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Francisella tularensis is a highly infective, intracellular bacterium. It is capable of infecting a wide range of mammals and causes the disease tularemia in humans. As a result of its high infectivity there have been a lot of efforts made to create a generally available vaccine against this pathogen. One potential vaccine candidate is the FSC043 strain, a spontaneous mutant that has acquired mutations making it attenuated for replication both in vitro and in the experimental mouse model. However, it was noted that it afforded protection against challenge with a highly virulent F. tularensis strain.The aim of this thesis has been to delineate the mechanisms of its attenuation to better understand F. tularensis pathogenesis and to obtain a better knowledge about the prerequisites of protective immunity against this potent pathogen. Microarray and whole-genome sequencing revealed four mutations in the attenuated FSC043 strain that were not present in the virulent SCHU S4 isolate. One of these mutations has been described earlier as it results in a fusion protein also found in other attenuated strains. Among the other differences, two mutations were identical nonsense mutations in a duplicated gene region known as the Francisella pathogenicity island (FPI). The affected gene, pdpC, is coding for PdpC (pathogenicity determinant protein C). We found that these mutations resulted in a truncated form of PdpC, and also that the downstream gene was severely downregulated due to these mutations.Further, our studies revealed that the intracellular phenotype of the FSC043 strain differed from other tested strains in that a small portion of the intracellular bacteria were able to escape the phagosome and multiply within the host, while the majority of intracellular bacteria stayed confined to the phagosome. We wanted to study the specific function of pdpC and therefore deleted both copies of it in the virulent SCHU S4strain as well as the Live Vaccine Strain, an empirically attenuated strain often used as a model for the virulent strains of F. tularensis. The resulting mutants showed an attenuated phenotype; no intracellular growth in murine cells, and no virulence in mice. When studying the intracellular localization of the LVS Δpdpc mutant, we found that it was uniformly located adjacent to phagosomal membrane-like structures but that the membrane was markedly disrupted. Further, this mutant induced an MOI-dependent cytotoxicity, measured by LDH release, and also the release of IL-1β, an inflammatory cytokine not induced by phagosomally contained mutants. Studies on markers for host cell death revealed that the LVS ΔpdpC mutant induced mitochondrial instability, phosphatidylserine (PS) presentation, and TUNEL-specific DNA fragmentation in infected cells, rather similar to the wild-type strain, despite its lack of replication.This study reveals that the pdpC gene is an important gene required for F. tularensis virulence. We also show that non-replicating intracellular bacteria can induce host cell death, hypothesizing that release of bacterial components in the host cell cytosol is required for this induction. The FSC043 mutant showed a unique phenotype where a small subset of bacteria was able to escape the phagosome and replicate in the host cell. This was also seen in the pdpC deletion mutant of SCHU S4, but not with the LVS ΔpdpC. However, regardless of genetic background, the ΔpdpC mutant had an effect on phagosomal escape; either by affecting the phagosomal membranes in a unique way or by allowing phagosomal escape of a small proportion of the bacteria.
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