| 1. |
- Albert, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Hospitalized patients' attitudes towards participating in a randomized control trial in case of a cardiac arrest.
- 2024
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Ingår i: Resuscitation Plus. - 2666-5204. ; 18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- No previous study has evaluated patients attitudes towards inclusion in an ongoing cardiac arrest clinical trial. The aim of this study was to assess patientś willingness and motives to participate in the ongoing randomized controlled drug trial "Vasopressin and Steroids in addition to Adrenaline in cardiac arrest" (VAST-A trial) in case of an in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA).Hospitalized patients, men≥18 and women≥50years, were asked for informed consent for inclusion in the VAST-A trial in case of an IHCA, the reason for approving or declining inclusion in the trial and baseline characteristics.Patients admitted to hospital were asked to give informed consent of inclusion in VAST-A in case of an IHCA during their hospital stay. Patients were also asked why they approved or declined inclusion as well as baseline characteristics questions.1,064 patients were asked about willingness to participate in the VAST-A trial, of these 902 (84.8%) patients approved inclusion. A subgroup of 411 patients were, except willingness, also asked about motives to participate or not and basic characteristics. The main reason for approving inclusion was to contribute to research (n=328, 83.9%). The main reason for declining inclusion was concerns regarding testing the drug treatment (n=6, 30%).Among hospitalized patients the vast majority gave informed consent to inclusion in an ongoing randomized cardiac arrest drug trial. The main reason for approving inclusion was to contribute to research.
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| 2. |
- Albert, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Hospitalized patients’ attitudes towards participating in a randomized control trial in case of a cardiac arrest
- 2024
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Ingår i: Resuscitation Plus. - 2666-5204. ; 18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundNo previous study has evaluated patients attitudes towards inclusion in an ongoing cardiac arrest clinical trial. The aim of this study was to assess patientś willingness and motives to participate in the ongoing randomized controlled drug trial “Vasopressin and Steroids in addition to Adrenaline in cardiac arrest” (VAST-A trial) in case of an in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA).ObjectivesHospitalized patients, men ≥ 18 and women ≥ 50 years, were asked for informed consent for inclusion in the VAST-A trial in case of an IHCA, the reason for approving or declining inclusion in the trial and baseline characteristics.MethodsPatients admitted to hospital were asked to give informed consent of inclusion in VAST-A in case of an IHCA during their hospital stay. Patients were also asked why they approved or declined inclusion as well as baseline characteristics questions.Results1,064 patients were asked about willingness to participate in the VAST-A trial, of these 902 (84.8%) patients approved inclusion. A subgroup of 411 patients were, except willingness, also asked about motives to participate or not and basic characteristics. The main reason for approving inclusion was to contribute to research (n = 328, 83.9%). The main reason for declining inclusion was concerns regarding testing the drug treatment (n = 6, 30%).ConclusionAmong hospitalized patients the vast majority gave informed consent to inclusion in an ongoing randomized cardiac arrest drug trial. The main reason for approving inclusion was to contribute to research.
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| 4. |
- Belin, G, et al.
(författare)
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Hyperfine Interaction, Zeeman and Stark Effects for Excited States in Potassium
- 1975
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Ingår i: Physica Scripta. - : IOP Publishing. - 0031-8949 .- 1402-4896. ; 12:5, s. 287-294
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using the optical double resonance and level crossing methods, properties of several excited S , P , and D states in 39 K were studied. The S and D states were populated using stepwise excitation with the first P state as an intermediate level. An rf lamp and a CW dye laser were used in the first and second excitation steps, respectively. The studied P states were populated in the cascade decay of states, excited with the laser. The following results for the magnetic depole interaction constant a, the Landé g J factor, and the tensor polarizability α 2 were obtained for the studied states: 7 2 S 1/2 : a = 10.78(5) MHz, g J = 2.0020(10); 8 2 S 1/2 : a = 5.99(8) MHz, g J = 2.0028(12); 6 2 P 1/2 : a = 4.05(7) MHz, g J = 0.6663(4); 6 2 P 3/2 : a = 0.89(5) MHz, g J = 1.3337(8); 7 2 P 1/2 : a = 2.18(5) MHz, g J = 0.6659(6); 7 2 P 3/2 : a = 0.49(4) MHz, g J = 1.3336(8); 5 2 D 3/2 : |a| = 0.44(10) MHz, g J = 0.7997(7), |α 2 | = 9.64(45) MHz/(kV)/cm) 2 ; 5 2 D 5/2 : |a| = 0.24(7) MHz, g J = 1.2004(10), |α 2 | = 13.4(7) MHz/(kV)/cm) 2 ; 6 2 D 3/2 : |a| = 0.2(2) MHz, g J = 0.7997(14), |α 2 | = 33.8(1.7) MHz/(kV)/cm) 2 ; 6 2 D 5/2 : |a| = 0.1(1) MHz, g J = 1.2013(20), |α 2 | = 47.6(2.4) MHz/(kV)/cm) 2 . Theoretical values for the magnetic dipole interaction constant have been obtained using a limited many-body perturbation expansion. The Polarization effect, which is due to single excitations from the restricted Hartree-Fock model, is included to all orders, while the true correlation effect is omitted. The results are compared with the experimental values, and the agreement is found to be quite good. For the S and P states the polarization effect is of the order of 10-20%, and it is responsible for roughly half of the deviation of the Hartree-Fock values from experiment. For the D states, on the other hand, the effects are much more drastic. The sign of the a factors has not been measured. The perturbative calculation yields positive values for all 2 D 3/2 states and negative values for all 2 D 5/2 states. The theoretical magnitudes are in agreement with the observed ones.
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| 5. |
- Erlandsson, Marcus, et al.
(författare)
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Surveillance of Antibiotic Resistance in ICUs in Southeastern Sweden
- 1999
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Ingår i: Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. - : Wiley. ; 43:8, s. 815-820
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: A study was designed to assess a computer-based program for continuous registration of antibiotic resistance, statistics concerning severity of illness, and consumption of antibacterial drugs. Methods: The frequency of antibiotic resistance among bacteria in eight ICUs in southeastern Sweden was investigated yearly from 1995 through 1997. The antibiotic consumption in the ICUs was registered as defined daily doses (DDD) and compared to severity of illness (APACHE-II scores). Results: There was a statistically significant increase in ampicillin resistance among Enterococcus spp. between 1996 and 1997, which was due to a shift from Enterococcus faecalis to Enterococcus faecium. A high prevalence of resistance among coagulase-negative staphylococci to oxacillin (≈ 70%), ciprofloxacin (≈ 50%), fucidic acid (≈ 50%) and netilmicin (≈ 30%) was seen in all ICUs during the whole study period. There was a statistically significant increase in ciprofloxacin resistance among Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp. The resistance among Enterobacter spp. to cefotaxime decreased but this change was not statistically significant. Efforts were made to avoid betalactam antibiotics, except carbapenems, for treatment of infections caused by Enterobacter spp. and the consumption of cephalosporins decreased whereas the consumption of carbapenems increased. The total antibiotic consumption decreased by 2.5% during the study period. There was no correlation between APACHE II scores and antibiotic consumption. Conclusions: Each ICU within a hospital ought to have a program for "on-line" antibiotic resistance surveillance of drugs used in that unit so that changes in empirical treatment can be made when there is an increase in antibiotic-resistant isolates within that unit.
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| 8. |
- Hanberger, Håkan, et al.
(författare)
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High Antibiotic Susceptibility Among Bacterial Pathogens In Swedish ICUs
- 2004
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5548 .- 1651-1980. ; 36:1, s. 24-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Local infection control measures, antibiotic consumption and patient demographics from 1999-2000 together with bacteriological analyses were investigated in 29 ICUs participating in the ICU-STRAMA programme. The median antibiotic consumption per ICU was 1147 (range 605-2143) daily doses per 1000 occupied bed d (DDD1000). Antibiotics to which >90% of isolates of an organism were susceptible were defined as treatment alternatives (TA90). The mean number of TA90 was low (1-2 per organism) for Enterococcus faecium (vancomycin:VAN), coagulase negative staphylococci (VAN), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ceftazidime:CTZ, netilmicin: NET) and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (CTZ, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole: TSU), but higher (3-7) for Acinetobacter spp. (imipenem:IMI, NET, TSU), Enterococcus faecalis (ampicillin:AMP, IMI, VAN), Serratia spp. (ciprofloxacin:CIP, IMI, NET), Enterobacter spp. (CIP, IMI, NET, TSU), E. coli (cefuroxime:CXM, cefotaxime/ceftazidime:CTX/CTZ, CIP, IMI, NET, piperacillin-tazobactam:PTZ, TSU), Klebsiella spp. (CTX/CTZ CIP, IMI, NET, PTZ, TSU) and Staphylococcus aureus (clindamycin, fusidic acid, NET, oxacillin, rifampicin, VAN). Of S. aureus isolates 2% were MRSA. Facilities for alcohol hand disinfection at each bed were available in 96% of the ICUs. The numbers of TA90 available were apparently higher than in ICUs in southern Europe and the US, despite a relatively high antibiotic consumption. This may be due to a moderate ecological impact of the used agents and the infection control routines in Swedish ICUs.
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| 10. |
- Mahajan, Anubha, et al.
(författare)
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Refining the accuracy of validated target identification through coding variant fine-mapping in type 2 diabetes
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 50:4, s. 559-571
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We aggregated coding variant data for 81,412 type 2 diabetes cases and 370,832 controls of diverse ancestry, identifying 40 coding variant association signals (P < 2.2 × 10−7); of these, 16 map outside known risk-associated loci. We make two important observations. First, only five of these signals are driven by low-frequency variants: even for these, effect sizes are modest (odds ratio ≤1.29). Second, when we used large-scale genome-wide association data to fine-map the associated variants in their regional context, accounting for the global enrichment of complex trait associations in coding sequence, compelling evidence for coding variant causality was obtained for only 16 signals. At 13 others, the associated coding variants clearly represent ‘false leads’ with potential to generate erroneous mechanistic inference. Coding variant associations offer a direct route to biological insight for complex diseases and identification of validated therapeutic targets; however, appropriate mechanistic inference requires careful specification of their causal contribution to disease predisposition.
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