| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Hassellöv, Ida-Maja, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Miljörisker sjunkna vrak II. Undersökningsmetoder och miljöaspekter
- 2015
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- During 2015 the Swedish Maritime Administration continued the second phase of thegovernmental task Environmental risks from sunken wrecks which first report was finalized2014-10-31 (Dnr: 1399-14-01942-6).The main conclusions from the 2014 report remain; for future handling of potentially pollutingshipwrecks it is recommended that the Swedish Agency for Water and Marine Management isgiven a coordinating responsibility in close cooperation with other competent nationalauthorities, such as Swedish Maritime Administration, Swedish Coastguard, Swedish NationalMaritime Museums, the Geological Survey of Sweden, SMHI, Swedish EPA, and SwedishCivil Contingencies Agency. Through coordination of wreck related operations and activitieswithin the concerned competent authorities’ ordinary areas of responsibility, resourceefficiency is improved. The estimated extra cost for implementation of a national strategy forhandling of the wrecks are estimated to be 10-15 MSEK which should be allocated to thecompetent authorities by the Swedish Agency for Water and Marine Management.The conclusions from 2014 was reinforced during 2015, e.g. through the validation of the riskassessment model VRAKA, which is now available in a first operative version. Additionalecotoxicological experiments on the development of tolerance against PAHs in meiofauna andmicroorganism communities were conducted in a field study in Brofjorden. The mainconclusions from this work is that comprehensive analyzes of PAHs should include alkylatedPAHs, and that exposure to PAHs over time can lead to tolerance development in ammoniumoxidizing bacteria, at the expense of their ability to perform the essential ecosystem servicenitrification.Continued measurements of the bottom currents were made at the wrecks Villon and Skytteren,and at the dumping area west of Måseskär. Measurement series yielded important informationon how measuring equipment at the wreck can be deployed in an optimized way in futuremonitoring program; to calculate the possible spreading of pollution from a wreck, currentmeasurements should be performed upstream from the wreck site, while sensors for thedetection of, for example, oil should be put into the turbulence downstream of the wreck.The current measurement instruments (RDCP) deployed at the Måseskär dump site was trawledup after only three weeks of measurements, but still gave valuable information on the extensivebottom trawling that resuspend (stir up) sediments. Earlier geochemical surveys have shownsignificantly elevated arsenic concentrations in the area and sediment resuspension greatlyincreased the risk for spread of any contaminants in the area. Trawling is not prohibited in thearea, and the current lack of knowledge regarding potential effects on human health whenconsuming seafood from dump areas calls for reflection upon the suitability of trawling in thearea.In addition to the current measurements Swedish Maritime Administration and the SwedishNavy conducted hydrographic survey with multibeam and side scan sonar and ROVinvestigation of the wrecks in the dumping area at Måseskär. 28 wrecks were found, and ROVinvestigation showed cargo holds with dumped torpedoes or mines and other containers in some SjöfartsverketDnr: 1399-14-01942-156of the wrecks. There is some discrepancy between the previously measured elevated arsenicconcentrations in the Måseskär area and recently presented data from historical archives thatdoes not support the theory that chemical weapons were dumped in the area. However, there isa very good correlation between the dominant current direction in the area, and the highestmeasured arsenic concentrations in the area downstream of the wrecks, suggesting some formof arsenic source in the area.
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| 3. |
- Ottosson, Elisabet, et al.
(författare)
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Diverse ecological roles within fungal communities in decomposing logs of Picea abies
- 2015
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Ingår i: FEMS Microbiology Ecology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0168-6496 .- 1574-6941. ; 91:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fungal communities in Norway spruce (Picea abies) logs in two forests in Sweden were investigated by 454-sequence analyses and by examining the ecological roles of the detected taxa. We also investigated the relationship between fruit bodies and mycelia in wood and whether community assembly was affected by how the dead wood was formed. Fungal communities were highly variable in terms of phylogenetic composition and ecological roles: 1910 fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were detected; 21% were identified to species level. In total, 58% of the OTUs were ascomycetes and 31% basidiomycetes. Of the 231 337 reads, 38% were ascomycetes and 60% basidiomycetes. Ecological roles were assigned to 35% of the OTUs, accounting for 62% of the reads. Wood-decaying fungi were the most common group; however, other saprotrophic, mycorrhizal, lichenized, parasitic and endophytic fungi were also common. Fungal communities in logs formed by stem breakage were different to those in logs originating from butt breakage or uprooting. DNA of specific species was detected in logs many years after the last recorded fungal fruiting. Combining taxonomic identification with knowledge of ecological roles may provide valuable insights into properties of fungal communities; however, precise ecological information about many fungal species is still lacking.
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| 4. |
- Sällman Almén, Markus, et al.
(författare)
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Shrunken Pore Syndrome Is Associated With Increased Levels of Atherosclerosis-Promoting Proteins
- 2019
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Ingår i: Kidney International Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 2468-0249. ; 4:1, s. 67-79
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Shrunken pore syndrome (SPS), originally defined by cystatin C-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFRcystatin C) being less than 60% of creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFRcreatinine) in the absence of extrarenal influences on the plasma levels of cystatin C or creatinine, is associated with a high increase in mortality, even in the absence of reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The objective of the present study was to determine whether the proteome of patients with SPS shows differences from that of patients with normal or reduced measured GFR (mGFR) without SPS.Methods: Four patient cohorts were included: 1 cohort with normal mGFR without SPS, 1 with normal mGFR with SPS, 1 with reduced mGFR without SPS, and 1 with reduced mGFR with SPS. The plasma levels of 177 selected proteins were analyzed.Results: Differences in the levels of 30 proteins were specific for SPS; 31 differences were specific for patients with both SPS and reduced mGFR; and 27 were specific for reduced mGFR. Eighteen of the differences specific for SPS concerned proteins described as promoting, or being associated with, atherosclerosis. Twelve of the differences specific for patients with both SPS and reduced mGFR and 10 of the differences specific for reduced mGFR also concerned proteins described as promoting, or being associated with, atherosclerosis. Almost all (82 of 88) of the concentration differences represented increased levels. For SPS, but not for reduced mGFR, a correlation between protein size and increase in level was observed, with smaller proteins being associated with higher levels.Conclusion: The high mortality in shrunken pore syndrome might be caused by the accumulation of atherosclerosis-promoting proteins in this condition.
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| 5. |
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Codex and Code : Aestethcis, Language and Politics in an Age of Digital Media, NORLIT 2009, Stockholm, August 6-9, 2009
- 2010
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- The conference Codex and Code: Aesthetics, Language and Politics in an Age of Digital Media (NorLit 2009)was held at the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) in Stockholm, August 6–9, 2009. The conference was organized by the Nordic Association for Comparative Literature (NorLit); the Department of Culture and Communication, Linköping University; the School of Computer Science and Communication, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH); the Department of Comparative Literature, Stockholm University; the Department of Culture and Communication, Södertörn University College; and the Department of Comparative Literature, Uppsala University. The aim of the conference was to develop the study of Comparative Literature through Nordic collaboration both in its own discipline and in Modern Language and Cultural studies. As the title for the conference suggests, the principal question for the conference was the challenge that the study of literature encounters in an age of digitalization and globalization. It was our aim to encourage discussion of how literary studies respond to the ongoing changes in media and technology, politics and economy. Many have argued that the Humanities currently are in a state of crisis. We believe that the discipline seldom has found itself in such an interesting and fruitful historical moment. Several of these questions have surfaced during earlier media system changes, in particular during Romanticism and Modernism, which provided the conference with an historical frame. The conference Codex and Code also addressed questions of authenticity and originality, identity and gender, literary genres and reading practices, media and materiality, culture and popular culture, language and history, world literature, work aesthetics, translations, and canon formation. The conference Codex and Code wanted to stimulate interdisciplinary scholarly research of the literary in a broad sense. The conference was open to scholars in Comparative Literature and in Classical and Modern Languages, Aesthetics, Media and Communication studies, Film and Theatre studies, Philosophy and adjacent disciplines. The conference was organized around a number of thematic sessions in which researchers and scholars presented and discussed papers. The conference has received generous financial support from the Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation, Magnus Bergwall foundation, Granholms foundation, Linköping University, School of Computer Science and Communication, Royal Institute of Technology, Svenska litteratursällskapet; the Swedish Academy, Swedish Science Council, and Vitterhetsakademien.
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| 6. |
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Codex and Code: Aestethcis, Language and Politics in an Age of Digital Media : NORLIT 2009, Stockholm, August 6-9, 2009
- 2010
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Proceedings (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the conference was to develop the study of Comparative Literature through Nordic collaboration both in its own discipline and in Modern Language and Cultural studies. As the title for the conference suggests, the principal question for the conference was the challenge that the study of literature encounters in an age of digitalization and globalization. It was our aim to encourage discussion of how literary studies respond to the ongoing changes in media and technology, politics and economy. Many have argued that the Humanities currently are in a state of crisis. We believe that the discipline seldom has found itself in such an interesting and fruitful historical moment. Several of these questions have surfaced duringearlier media system changes, in particular during Romanticism and Modernism, which provided the conference with an historical frame. The conference Codex and Code also addressed questions of authenticity and originality, identity and gender, literary genres and reading practices, media and materiality, culture and popular culture, language and history, world literature, work aesthetics, translations, and canon formation.
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| 7. |
- Hassellöv, Ida-Maja, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Miljörisker sjunkna vrak
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Arbetet med en nationell strategi för hantering av miljöfarliga vrak påbörjades 2007 med Statskontorets utredning Vrak och ägarlösa båtar, men ingen enskild myndighet har tilldelats övergripande ansvar för vrakfrågan. Utöver ansvarsfrågan har också förväntade höga kostnader för inspektion och sanering av vrak fördröjt det fortsatta arbetet. Ett steg närmare en nationell strategi redovisas här genom regeringsuppdraget Miljörisker sjunkna vrak. Genom samordning och ökat informationsutbyte mellan berörda myndigheter finns stor potential att minska de förväntade kostnaderna för inspektion av vrak och omgivande miljö. Om den föreslagna strategin antas, beräknas informationsläget avseende vraken att snabbt förbättras så att det år 2030 inte längre finns några potentiellt miljöfarliga vrak i svenska vatten.Havs- och vattenmyndigheten (HaV) och Naturvårdsverket har idag delat ansvar för övervakning och åtgärdande av miljögifter i marin miljö. Mot denna bakgrund hade det varit naturligt att låta HaV få ett övergripande ansvar för hantering av miljöfarliga vrak. Genom flexibelt upplägg avseende tidsramar bedöms övervakning och inspektion av potentiellt miljöfarliga vrak kunna utföras genom att HaV ger de berörda myndigheterna uppdrag; kartering och sjömätning (Sjöfartsverket), ROV och dykinspektion (Kustbevakningen och/eller Försvarsmakten), sediment- och bottenförhållanden (Statens geologiska undersökning). En förutsättning är dock väl fungerande samverkan och kommunikation mellan berörda myndigheter. Existerande plattformar för detta finns redan på såväl operativ nivå i form av Projekt ”Sjöstjärnan” - samordning och samverkan mellan myndigheter avseende information och inhämtning av djup- och bottendata; respektive högsta ledningsnivå i form av Samordningsgruppen för havs- och vattenmiljöfrågor (SamHav).Enligt Sjöfartsverkets tidigare inventering (Miljörisker från fartygsvrak, 2011) finns det utmed Sveriges kust knappt tre tusen vrak som inte kan avskrivas utan vidare informationsinhämtning. Drygt trehundra av dessa klassades som potentiellt miljöfarliga. Av dessa har 31 listats som de sannolikt mest miljöfarliga vraken. Listan över de 31 vraken har därför varit utgångspunkt för projektet Miljörisker sjunkna vrak, vars syfte var att ta fram en metod för prioritering och inspektion av potentiellt miljöfarliga vrak.Undervattensinspektion av vrak är kostsamt och kostnaden ökar kraftigt om vrakets läge är otillgängligt. Av de 31 vraken valdes därför nio relativt lättillgängliga vrak ut för noggrannare arkivstudier, samt sjömätning. Utifrån informationen från arkivstudierna och sjömätningen gjordes ett ytterligare urval om fyra vrak (Altnes, Skytteren, Thetis och Villon), vilka även inspekterades med ROV och/eller dykare. Huvudsyftet var att, inför och under arbetet med inspektionerna, utarbeta Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) som framgent kan användas som stöd inför kommande operationer rörande potentiellt miljöfarliga vrak.Under arbetet med inspektionerna observerades inte några pågående läckage av olja från vraken. Trots denna positiva information är det viktigt att komma ihåg att endast bevis på tomma tankar kan fullt ut avskriva vraken från listan över potentiellt miljöfarliga vrak. Även om det under projektets fältarbete inte observerades läckage av olja, finns dokumenterade läckage sedan tidigare (senast 2008-04-26) för Skytteren. Noterbart är också att Kustbevakningen 2014-06-29, fick rycka ut för att omhänderta olja som börjat läcka efter vraket Immen, norr om Gotska Sandön. Immen var inte med bland fallstudieobjekten i projektet.I tillägg till undervattensinspektion placerades strömmätningsutrustning ut vid vraken Skytteren och Villon. Strömdata kan sedan användas för att modellera ett hypotetiskt spill av olja från ett vrak och ge en indikation på var läckage av olja kan tänkas påverka den marina miljön negativt. Exempel på sådana negativa effekter kan vara försämrad förmåga hos sedimentlevande organismer att omsätta näringsämnen, vilket i sin tur kan påverka hela det marina ekosystemet. Strömdata är också ett viktigt underlag för utformning av övervakningsprogram, exempelvis med passiva provtagare för att detektera läckage av miljöfarlig substans från vrak.Samtlig insamlad data kommer att användas för att validera riskbedömningsverktyget VRAKA, som möjliggör resurseffektiv prioritering av vilka vrak som bör undersökas och/eller saneras. VRAKA, SOPs för inspektion, samt tillgång till specifik kompetens för utvärdering av samtliga resultat är nyckelelement för att kunna presentera en tillförlitlig riskbedömning av potentiellt miljöfarliga vrak. Havs- och vattenmyndigheten skulle kunna vara lämplig myndighet med huvudansvar för miljöfarliga vrak, i operativ samverkan med övriga berörda myndigheter.
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| 8. |
- Hennings, Joakim, et al.
(författare)
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[11C]metomidate positron emission tomography of adrenocortical tumors in correlation with histopathological findings
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 91:4, s. 1410-4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CONTEXT: Adrenal incidentalomas are common findings necessitating extensive laboratory work-up and repetitive radiological examinations. Positron emission tomography (PET) using (11)C-labeled metomidate (MTO) has previously been described as a tool for specific adrenocortical imaging. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated 212 MTO-PET examinations in 173 patients to identify its role in the management of adrenal tumors. DESIGN: Seventy-five histopathological examinations from 73 patients were retrospectively analyzed. SETTING: All examinations were performed at a referral center. PATIENTS: Patients who were operated or biopsied due to adrenal tumors had histopathological diagnoses of adrenocortical adenoma (n = 26), adrenocortical cancer (ACC; n = 13), adrenocortical hyperplasia (n = 8), pheochromocytoma (n = 6), metastasis (n = 3), and tumors of nonadrenal origin (n = 19). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The main outcome measures were statistical analyses and findings while scrutinizing images. The hypothesis that MTO-PET is of value in the management of adrenal tumors, especially incidentaloma, was stated before data collection. RESULTS: Sensitivity was 0.89 and specificity was 0.96 for MTO-PET in proving adrenocortical origin of the lesions. Pheochromocytomas, metastases to the adrenal gland, and nonadrenal masses were all MTO negative. PET measurements using standardized uptake values (SUV) in pathological adrenocortical tissue could differentiate lesions larger than 1-1.5 cm from normal adrenocortical tissue. SUV was higher in aldosterone-hypersecreting adenomas, and the SUV ratio between the tumor and the contralateral gland was significantly higher in all hormonally hypersecreting adenomas as well as in ACC. CONCLUSION: MTO-PET is a specific and sensitive method for diagnosing adrenocortical tumors. MTO-PET is useful in the imaging work-up of adrenal incidentalomas and may be beneficial for the examination of patients with primary aldosteronism or ACC.
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| 9. |
- Jeppsson, Tobias, et al.
(författare)
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The use of historical collections to estimate population trends: A case study using Swedish longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)
- 2010
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Ingår i: Biological Conservation. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-3207 .- 1873-2917. ; 143, s. 1940-1950
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Long term data to estimate population trends among species are generally lacking. However, Natural History Collections (NHCs) can provide such information, but may suffer from biases due to varying sampling effort. To analyze population trends and range-abundance dynamics of Swedish longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), we used collections of 108 species stretching over 100 years. We controlled for varying sampling effort by using the total number of database records as a reference for non-red-listed species. Because the general frequency of red-listed species increased over time, a separate estimate of sampling effort was used for that group. We observed large interspecific variation in population changes, from declines of 60% to several hundred percent increases. Most species showed stable or increasing ranges, whereas few seemed to decline in range. Among increasing species, rare species seemed to expand their range more than common species did, but this pattern was not observed in declining species. Historically, rare species did not seem to be at larger risk of local extinction, and population declines were mostly due to lower population density and not loss of sub-populations. We also evaluated the species' declines under IUCN red-list criterion A, and four currently not red-listed species meet the suggested threshold for Near Threatened (NT). The results also suggested that species' declines may be overlooked if estimated only from changes in species range. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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