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| 2. |
- Lindholm, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Nurse managers' professional networks, psychosocial resources and self-rated health.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - : Wiley. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 42:5, s. 506-515
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Nurse managers act under constant pressure to develop strategies in response to professional challenges within a changing and restructured health care system. When such environmental stress is present, they need access to sufficient psychosocial recourses. Aim. The study aimed to investigate whether nurse managers' professional networks, psychosocial work conditions, job support, social network and support were associated with self-rated health, sick-leave and salary. Methods. From a total of 268 Swedish nurse managers, active in management positions, 205 (77%) agreed to participate in the study by answering a self-report questionnaire. Cronbach's α was used to calculate internal consistency. Odds ratios were used to estimate the bivariate association between self-rated health and psychosocial resources. Results. Nurse managers exposed to high job demands had significantly increased odds for low self-rated health. It was also found that low level of support from professional network, job support, social network and social support outside work displayed increased odds for low self-rated health, independently of age, gender and education. There were additive (but no synergistic) effects found for job demand in combination with professional networks, job support and emotional support and in relation to self-rated health. Conclusion. The study showed that nurse managers exposed to high job demands had elevated odds for low self-rated health, regardless of level of psychosocial resources within or outside work. Two-thirds of the nurse managers who were affiliated to professional networks did not consider this a supporting factor in their management work. Those with low job support had increased odds for sick-leave compared with those with high support. No significant associations were found between psychosocial characteristics and salary.
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| 3. |
- Westergren, Albert, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Malnutrition prevalence and precision in nutritional care differed in relation to hospital volume : a cross-sectional survey
- 2009
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Ingår i: Nutrition Journal. - : BioMed Central. - 1475-2891 .- 1475-2891. ; 8:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: To explore the point prevalence of the risk of malnutrition and the targeting of nutritional interventions in relation to undernutrition risk and hospital volume. METHOD: A cross-sectional survey performed in nine hospitals including 2 170 (82.8%) patients that agreed to participate. The hospitals were divided into large, middle, and small sized hospitals. Undernutrition risk and overweight (including obesity) were assessed. RESULTS: The point prevalence of moderate/high undernutrition risk was 34%, 26% and 22% in large, middle and small sized hospitals respectively. The corresponding figures for overweight were 38%, 43% and 42%. The targeting of nutritional interventions in relation to moderate/high undernutrition risk was, depending on hospital size, that 7-17% got Protein- and Energy Enriched food (PE-food), 43-54% got oral supplements, 8-22% got artificial nutrition, and 14-20% received eating assistance. Eating assistance was provided to a greater extent and artificial feeding to a lesser extent in small compared to in middle and large sized hospitals. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of malnutrition risk and the precision in provision of nutritional care differed significantly depending on hospital volume, i.e. case mix. It can be recommended that greater efforts should be taken to increase the use of PE-food and oral supplements for patients with eating problems in order to prevent or treat undernutrition. A great effort needs to be taken in order to also decrease the occurrence of overweight.
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| 4. |
- Westergren, Albert, et al.
(författare)
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Malnutrition prevalence and precision in nutritional care differed in relation to hospital volume : a cross-sectional survey
- 2009
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Ingår i: Nutrition Journal. - : BioMed Central. - 1475-2891. ; 8:20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: To explore the point prevalence of the risk of malnutrition and the targeting of nutritional interventions in relation to undernutrition risk and hospital volume. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey performed in nine hospitals including 2 170 (82.8%) patients that agreed to participate. The hospitals were divided into large, middle, and small sized hospitals. Undernutrition risk and overweight (including obesity) were assessed. RESULTS: The point prevalence of moderate/high undernutrition risk was 34%, 26% and 22% in large, middle and small sized hospitals respectively. The corresponding figures for overweight were 38%, 43% and 42%. The targeting of nutritional interventions in relation to moderate/high undernutrition risk was, depending on hospital size, that 7-17% got Protein- and Energy Enriched food (PE-food), 43-54% got oral supplements, 8-22% got artificial nutrition, and 14-20% received eating assistance. Eating assistance was provided to a greater extent and artificial feeding to a lesser extent in small compared to in middle and large sized hospitals. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of malnutrition risk and the precision in provision of nutritional care differed significantly depending on hospital volume, i.e. case mix. It can be recommended that greater efforts should be taken to increase the use of PE-food and oral supplements for patients with eating problems in order to prevent or treat undernutrition. A great effort needs to be taken in order to also decrease the occurrence of overweight.
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| 7. |
- Andersson, Jacob, et al.
(författare)
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Gamification of publication metadata : to playfully explore our data
- 2015
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report describes a project that aimed to create game concepts and games based on a set of data about research publications. This was done using linked open data, procedural content generation of game content, and iterative game development, with the aim of creating useful games and game concepts.
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| 8. |
- Andersson, Kristina E, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of oats on plasma cholesterol and lipoproteins in C57BL/6 mice are substrain specific.
- 2010
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Ingår i: British Journal of Nutrition. - 1475-2662. ; 103, s. 513-521
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cholesterol-lowering effects of oats have been demonstrated in both animals and human subjects. However, the crucial properties of oat-containing diets that determine their health effects need to be further investigated to optimise their use. A mouse model would be a valuable tool, but few such studies have been published to date. We investigated the effects of oat bran on plasma cholesterol and lipoproteins in two substrains of C57BL/6 mice. Western diet was made atherogenic by the addition of 0.8 % cholesterol and 0.1 % cholic acid. After 4 weeks on atherogenic diet, total plasma cholesterol had increased from 1.86-2.53 to 3.77-4.40 mmol/l. In C57BL/6NCrl mice, inclusion of 27 and 40 % oat bran reduced total plasma cholesterol by 19 and 24 %, respectively, reduced the shift from HDL to LDL+VLDL and caused increased faecal cholesterol excretion. There was no effect of oat bran on plasma levels of the inflammatory markers fibrinogen, serum amyloid A or TNF-alpha. Contrary to findings in C57BL/6NCrl mice, there was no sustained effect of oat bran (27 or 40 %) on plasma cholesterol in C57BL/6JBomTac mice after 4 weeks of feeding. Thus, C57BL/6NCrl mice fed an atherogenic diet are a good model for studies of physiological effects of oats, whereas a substrain derived from C57BL/6J, raised in a different breeding environment and likely possessing functional genetic differences from C57BL/6N, is considerably less responsive to oats. The present finding that two substrains of mice respond differently to oats is of practical value, but can also help to elucidate mechanisms of the cholesterol-lowering effect of oats.
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| 9. |
- Andersson, Kristina E, et al.
(författare)
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Oats (Avena sativa) reduce atherogenesis in LDL-receptor-deficient mice.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1484 .- 0021-9150. ; Jul 1, s. 93-99
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: The cholesterol-lowering properties of oats, largely ascribed to its contents of soluble fibers, beta-glucans, are well established, whereas effects on atherogenesis are less well elucidated. Oats also contains components with reported antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects that may affect atherogenesis. In this work we examined effects of oat bran on plasma cholesterol, markers of inflammation, eNOS expression and development of atherosclerosis in LDL-receptor-deficient (LDLr(-/-)) mice. METHODS AND RESULTS: Female LDLr(-/-) mice were fed Western diet+/-oat bran. Two concentrations of oat bran (40 and 27%) were compared regarding effects on plasma lipids. There was a dose-dependent reduction of plasma cholesterol by 42 and 20% with 40 and 27% oat bran, respectively. Both concentrations also lowered plasma triglycerides (by 45 and 33%) and relative levels of plasma LDL+VLDL. The reduction of plasma lipids was accompanied by increased faecal excretion of cholesterol and bile acids. Oat bran (40%) efficiently reduced atherosclerotic lesion area in the descending aorta (-77%) and aortic root (-33%). Plasma levels of fibrinogen and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) were significantly lower, and immunofluorescence of aortic sections revealed a 75% lower expression of VCAM-1 in oat-fed mice. The expression of eNOS protein in the aortic wall was increased in mice fed oat bran. CONCLUSIONS: Oat bran supplemented to a Western diet lowers plasma cholesterol, reduces levels of some inflammatory markers, increases eNOS expression and inhibits atherosclerotic lesion development in LDLr(-/-) mice. It remains to be investigated which components in oats contribute to these effects.
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| 10. |
- Andersson, Niklas, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Investigation of central versus peripheral effects of estradiol in ovariectomized mice
- 2005
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Ingår i: J Endocrinol. - : Bioscientifica. - 0022-0795 .- 1479-6805. ; 187:2, s. 303-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is generally believed that estrogens exert their bone sparing effects directly on the cells within the bone compartment. The aim of the present study was to investigate if central mechanisms might be involved in the bone sparing effect of estrogens. The dose-response of central (i.c.v) 17beta-estradiol (E2) administration was compared with that of peripheral (s.c.) administration in ovariectomized (ovx) mice. The dose-response curves for central and peripheral E2 administration did not differ for any of the studied estrogen-responsive tissues, indicating that these effects were mainly peripheral. In addition, ovx mice were treated with E2 and/or the peripheral estrogen receptor antagonist ICI 182,780. ICI 182,780 attenuated most of the estrogenic response regarding uterus weight, retroperitoneal fat weight, cortical BMC and trabecular bone mineral content (P<0.05). These findings support the notion that the primary target tissue that mediates the effect of E2 on bone is peripheral and not central.
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