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- Berg, Sandra, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Knowledge transfer within and across organizational boundaries: A case study in the construction industry
- 2012
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Ingår i: ARCOM 28th Annual Conference, Edinburgh, 3-5 September 2012. ; 1
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Knowledge transfer is essential for an organization to be competitive and successful. However, as projects are temporary, knowledge is often bound to the individuals in projects rather than to the core organizations. The main research question for this article is: How can collaboration be used in order to transfer knowledge from one project to another within an organization or with other organizations within a project? To do this, a theoretical framework of recent literature concerning knowledge management and transfer is used, as well as a case study about an urban development organization working with a rather unique collaboration structure in order to maximize the knowledge transfer from and between different actors. Our method of research has been interviews with a divisional manager and two project managers at an urban development organization. Results from our case study indicate that in the planning phase, knowledge transfer includes collecting feedback and information as well as using a central knowledge platform. During the production phase, face-to-face communication is the most important form of knowledge transfer. After each project, evaluation is essential to collect the experience of collaboration and identify planning errors. Our findings also show that most knowledge transfer occurs at an informal level. The study concludes that several factors affect knowledge transfer in a construction organization. The most essential are the media in which knowledge is transferred and the way information is stored. Taking all factors into consideration, an organization with a decentralized structure and an open and broad-minded culture enables successful knowledge transfer.
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| 2. |
- Cunha, Sara I., et al.
(författare)
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Endothelial ALK1 Is a Therapeutic Target to Block Metastatic Dissemination of Breast Cancer.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Cancer Research. - 1538-7445 .- 0008-5472. ; 75:12, s. 2445-2456
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Exploration of new strategies for the prevention of breast cancer metastasis is justifiably at the center of clinical attention. In this study, we combined a computational biology approach with mechanism-based preclinical trials to identify inhibitors of activin-like receptor kinase (ALK) 1 as effective agents for blocking angiogenesis and metastasis in breast cancer. Pharmacologic targeting of ALK1 provided long-term therapeutic benefit in mouse models of mammary carcinoma, accompanied by strikingly reduced metastatic colonization as a monotherapy or part of combinations with chemotherapy. Gene-expression analysis of breast cancer specimens from a population-based nested case-control study encompassing 768 subjects defined endothelial expression of ALK1 as an independent and highly specific prognostic factor for metastatic manifestation, a finding that was corroborated in an independent clinical cohort. Overall, our results suggest that pharmacologic inhibition of endothelial ALK1 constitutes a tractable strategy for interfering with metastatic dissemination of breast cancer. Cancer Res; 75(12); 2445-56. ©2015 AACR.
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| 5. |
- Lind, Pernilla, et al.
(författare)
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Albumin adducts in plasma from workers exposed to toluene diisocyanate
- 1997
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Ingår i: Analyst. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1364-5528. ; 122:2, s. 151-154
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Desalted plasma from a 2,4- and 2,6-toluene diisocyanate (2,4- and 2,6-TDI) exposed worker at a factory producing flexible polyurethane foam was separated and fractionated into 200 fractions using ion-exchange chromatography followed by a gel-filtration separation and fractionation into 59 fractions. The corresponding amines (to the isocyanates), 2,4- and 2,6-toluenediamine (2,4- and 2,6-TDA), were determined in each fraction after sulfuric acid hydrolysis as pentafluoropropionic anhydride derivatives by capillary gas chromatography and chemical ionisation mass spectrometry monitoring negative ions. The ion exchange fractions containing TDA (81-115) were added together and the solution was separated and fractionated on the gel-filtration column. The fractions 81-115 contained 84 and 72% of 2,4- and 2,6-TDA, respectively, as compared to the unfractionated plasma. The gel filtration fractions 22-27 contained 107 and 119% of 2,4- and 2,6-TDA, respectively, as compared to the amounts in the ion exchange fractions (81-115). Agarose gel-electrophoresis and electroimmunoassay demonstrated that albumin, 2,4- and 2,6-TDA co-eluted in both ion-exchange and gel-filtration chromatography. Quantitative determination of albumin, 2,4- and 2,6-TDA also demonstrated that these components co-eluted using albumin-immunosorption chromatography. In addition, studies of affinity isolated IgG revealed that this fraction was devoid of 2,4- and 2,6-TDA. These results indicate that albumin is the major receptor molecule for 2,4- and 2,6-TDI in blood plasma and that these isocyanates form covalent bondings with albumin.
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| 6. |
- Lindström, Pernilla, 1973-
(författare)
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A Study on Endoscopic Live Donor Nephrectomy and Elevated Intraperitoneal Pressure
- 2002
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Live donor nephrectomy (LDN) is a unique surgical challenge where surgery is performed on healthy individuals. It is of great importance to keep the morbidity of donors as low as possible, as well as harvesting a kidney in optimal condition. Lowering morbidity is the motive for introducing the endoscopic technique in LDN. Oliguria and impaired kidney function can, however, be seen during pneumoperitoneum and endoscopic LDN have been criticized for not yet being proven safe enough.The aims of this study were to investigate the changes in renal function during elevated intraabdominal pressure (IAP) in donors and rats and to evaluate donor morbidity and safety of the new endoscopic techniques compared to the open LDN.In two studies, a rat model was used. It was found that elevation of IAP diminished glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Cardiac output (CO) and renal blood flow decreased as well. Elevation of IAP activates the renin system and aldosterone was increased. Acute angiotensin II receptor 1 blockade (candesartan) treatment lowered blood pressure significantly and impaired renal function during elevated IAP. Volume expansion prior to, and during, pneumoperitoneum reduces the deleterious effects on renal function.Three studies on kidney live donors show that traditional laparoscopic surgery (TLS) takes longer time to perform than open LDN. Hand-assistance facilitates the operation and increases the safety margin as well as shortens the operation by 27% compared to TLS. Evaluation of a hand-assisted retroperitoneoscopy (HARS), performed for the first time ever in Uppsala 2001, show that the operation is short and safe, the donors experience little pain and the renal function is favourable compared to open surgery, TLS and hand-assisted transperitoneal laparoscopic approaches.In conclusion, the results indicate that elevated IAP decreases GFR due to decreased CO and activation of the RAAS, which can be avoided with adequate hydration. Endoscopy can be facilitated if hand-assistance is applied and in particular hand-assisted retroperitoneoscopic nephrectomy shows advantages for the donor.
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| 9. |
- Lindström, Sandra, et al.
(författare)
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Vilda bin i Skåne
- 2021
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Länsstyrelsen Skåne har släppt en ny rapport med de senaste vetenskapliga rönen om vilda bin i Skåne. Rapporten är en sammanställning om vilda bin och är ett led i Länsstyrelsens arbete med regeringsuppdraget att gynna vilda pollinatörer.Rapporten kan användas som underlag för att arbeta vidare med åtgärder för att gynna Skånes pollinatörer, något som är extra viktigt i Skåne eftersom runt 75 procent av landets vildbin finns här och av dessa är drygt 20 procent hotade.Rapporten har sammanställts av forskare på Lunds universitet: Sandra Lindström, Pernilla Borgström och Henrik Smith.
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| 10. |
- Lipke, Naomi, 1983-
(författare)
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Creating Food Commons : From Commodity to Common Pool Resource
- 2024
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Researchers, environmentalists, social justice activists and policy makers have long discussed the inherent environmental and social problems prevalent in food systems. This thesis explores ways in which foodsharing can be interpreted as a movement towards a future set of economic relationships that values environmental limits and the right of individuals to access food. Contributing to a growing body of literature, I argue that foodsharing demonstrates the ability for people to organize using alternative digital tools for collection and distribution of readily abundant resources without the need for significant government or business intervention, producing a type of commons relationship. The aim of the thesis is to explore what foodsharing, as a process of commoning, can teach us about alternative forms of economic and social exchanges. If alternative economic organizations are important for a just transition, social scientists need to go beyond arguments for their relevance to study their actual strengths, weaknesses, and opportunities to support them. Drawing on theories of commons, prefigurative politics and just transitions, this thesis looks at an alternative economy organization which succeeds despite working against the status quo, to show where the social system around it is not designed to support it and asks what it might need to reach further. This is explored through the qualitative case study of a well-established foodsharing organization in a medium size city on the West coast of Sweden. Research questions focused on the political ideas used by the organization, the ways in which it was organized, and the reasons for and resolution of conflict. Through interviews, observations, and online research the case is elaborated upon and analyzed to reveal the unique dynamics of the studied organization. These include very specific rules for collecting and distributing food that aim to maintain transparency, solidarity, and fairness. The foodsharing organization displays some characteristics of a food commons and in other instances characteristics of a gift economy. The main contribution is a closer look at the resulting interpersonal and organizational dynamics of one alternative economy organization in order to illuminate some challenges of organizing and maintaining similar ventures in the future. If alternative economic organizations have social benefit, then they will need to be supported in the ways in which are appropriate to their form and politics.
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