| 1. |
- Locke, Adam E, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic studies of body mass index yield new insights for obesity biology.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 518:7538, s. 197-401
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Obesity is heritable and predisposes to many diseases. To understand the genetic basis of obesity better, here we conduct a genome-wide association study and Metabochip meta-analysis of body mass index (BMI), a measure commonly used to define obesity and assess adiposity, in up to 339,224 individuals. This analysis identifies 97 BMI-associated loci (P < 5 × 10(-8)), 56 of which are novel. Five loci demonstrate clear evidence of several independent association signals, and many loci have significant effects on other metabolic phenotypes. The 97 loci account for ∼2.7% of BMI variation, and genome-wide estimates suggest that common variation accounts for >20% of BMI variation. Pathway analyses provide strong support for a role of the central nervous system in obesity susceptibility and implicate new genes and pathways, including those related to synaptic function, glutamate signalling, insulin secretion/action, energy metabolism, lipid biology and adipogenesis.
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| 2. |
- Shungin, Dmitry, et al.
(författare)
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New genetic loci link adipose and insulin biology to body fat distribution.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 518:7538, s. 187-378
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Body fat distribution is a heritable trait and a well-established predictor of adverse metabolic outcomes, independent of overall adiposity. To increase our understanding of the genetic basis of body fat distribution and its molecular links to cardiometabolic traits, here we conduct genome-wide association meta-analyses of traits related to waist and hip circumferences in up to 224,459 individuals. We identify 49 loci (33 new) associated with waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index (BMI), and an additional 19 loci newly associated with related waist and hip circumference measures (P < 5 × 10(-8)). In total, 20 of the 49 waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI loci show significant sexual dimorphism, 19 of which display a stronger effect in women. The identified loci were enriched for genes expressed in adipose tissue and for putative regulatory elements in adipocytes. Pathway analyses implicated adipogenesis, angiogenesis, transcriptional regulation and insulin resistance as processes affecting fat distribution, providing insight into potential pathophysiological mechanisms.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Lindström, Stefan B, 1974-
(författare)
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Lectures on engineering mechanics : statics and dynamics
- 2019
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Lectures on Engineering Mechanics: Statics and Dynamics is suitable for Bachelor's level education at schools of engineering with an academic profile. It gives a concise and formal account of the theoretical framework of elementary Engineering Mechanics.A distinguishing feature of this textbook is that its content is consistently structured into postulates, definitions and theorems, with rigorous derivations. The reader finds support in a wealth of illustrations and a cross-reference for each deduction. This textbook underscores the importance of properly drawn free-body diagrams to enhance the problem-solving skills of students.
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| 5. |
- Lindström, Stefan B, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Lectures on Engineering Mechanics : Statics and Dynamics with Exercises
- 2021
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Lectures on Engineering Mechanics: Statics and Dynamics with Exercises (SI version) is suitable for Bachelor's level education at schools of engineering with an academic profile. It gives a concise and formal account of the theoretical framework of elementary Engineering Mechanics.A distinguishing feature of this textbook is that its content is consistently structured into postulates, definitions and theorems, with rigorous derivations. The reader finds support in a wealth of illustrations and a cross-reference for each deduction. This textbook includes a comprehensive set of exercises to support the development of problem-solving skills of students.
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| 6. |
- Thörn, Ingrid, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Minimal residual disease assessment in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia : Results of a Swedish multi-centre study comparing real-time PCR and multi-colour flow cytometry
- 2009
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this Swedish multi-center study of early treatment response in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), we evaluated the concordance between multicolour flow cytometry (FCM) and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) for assessment of minimal residual disease (MRD). Multiple time points (i.e. day 15, 29, 50 and 106) were evaluated with the NOPHO (Nordic Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology) ALL 2000 treatment protocol as backbone. During 2002-2006, 334 children were diagnosed with ALL, where 228 had paired samples taken at any of the four time points. With the detection level of 0.1%, the concordance between RQ-PCR and FCM was 90% in the 726 paired samples analyzed. At day 29, the correlation between the methods was greater with MRD levels >0.1% (rs=0.7, p<0.001) than below (rs=0.2, p=0.024). MRD levels higher than 0.1% at day 29 was a significant predictor of higher risk of having a bone marrow relapse. This was true both for BCP ALL and T-ALL analysed with either FCM or RQ-PCR, although RQ-PCR was a better discriminator than FCM in T-ALL. However, using the NOPHO ALL 2000 protocol, our data indicate that a higher cut-off value (0.2%) should be applied in BCP ALL when using RQ-PCR as MRD method. In contrast, MRD levels ≥ 0.1%, analysed with either method late during induction therapy, was not a predictor of isolated extramedullary relapse. We therefore conclude that MRD assessment by RQ-PCR based IG/TCR rearrangement and multicolour FCM monitoring can be used as a clinical tool if the aim is to find childhood ALL cases with increased risk of having bone marrow relapses.
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| 7. |
- Thörnerup, Ingrid, et al.
(författare)
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Minimal residual disease assessment in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: a Swedish multi-centre study comparing real-time polymerase chain reaction and multicolour flow cytometry.
- 2011
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Ingår i: British Journal of Haematology. - : Wiley. - 0007-1048 .- 1365-2141. ; 152:6, s. 743-753
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Minimal residual disease (MRD) assessment is a powerful prognostic factor for determining the risk of relapse in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). In this Swedish multi-centre study of childhood ALL diagnosed between 2002 and 2006, the MRD levels were analysed in 726 follow-up samples in 228 children using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) of rearranged immunoglobulin/T-cell receptor genes and multicolour flow cytometry (FCM). Using an MRD threshold of 0·1%, which was the sensitivity level reached in all analyses, the concordance between RQ-PCR and FCM MRD values at day 29 was 84%. In B-cell precursor ALL, an MRD level of ≥0·1% at day 29 predicted a higher risk of bone marrow relapse (BMR) with both methods, although FCM was a better discriminator. However, considering the higher median MRD values achieved with RQ-PCR, a higher MRD cut-off (≥0·2%) improved the predictive capacity of RQ-PCR. In T-ALL, RQ-PCR was notably superior to FCM in predicting risk of BMR. That notwithstanding, MRD levels of ≥0·1%, detected by either method at day 29, could not predict isolated extramedullary relapse. In conclusion, the concordance between RQ-PCR and FCM was high and hence both methods are valuable clinical tools for identifying childhood ALL cases with increased risk of BMR.
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| 8. |
- Wemming, Hannes, 1984-
(författare)
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Experiments and Modelling of Composite–Aluminium Bolted Joints
- 2022
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aeronautical industry has always strived towards weight-efficient structures since they improve aircraft performance, enable more fuel or payload, reduce cost of manufacturing and operating the aircraft, and reduce the fuel consumption and emissions. Modern airframes are often built in materials with high strength-toweight and stiffness-to-weight ratio, such as aluminium or fibre composites. Fibre composite materials are becoming increasingly common, requiring bolted joints between composite and aluminium parts. Bolted joints are often weak points in the structure, and understanding their mechanical properties in terms of stiffness and strength is of great importance for designing aircraft that are safe to fly. The aim of the research presented in this licentiate thesis is to improve the understanding of shear-loaded, composite–aluminium, bolted joints in terms of structural compliance, deformation, load distribution, strength and failure, by performing experiments and developing simulation models that describe those experiments. Experiments are performed where the optical digital image correlation (DIC) technique is used to measure the deformation of the test specimen surface during quasistatic load application until specimen failure. The DIC method enables more detailed deformation measurements compared to traditional methods. Data processing algorithms for noise reduction of DIC measurement data are developed and the results are used in a novel way to detect beginning bearing damage within the material by observing the specimen surface. The experimental DIC data is used for adapting models, where the goal is to create a structural element that represents a fastener. A structural element is computationally efficient and suitable for implementation in large scale models of airframe structures in an industrial context. A model is proposed and the selection of parameters for this model are investigated. The parameters are identified by fitting to experimental data. This licentiate thesis is divided into two parts, where the first part gives an introduction and background to the research, while the second part consists of two appended papers.
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| 9. |
- Williamson, Alice, et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide association study and functional characterization identifies candidate genes for insulin-stimulated glucose uptake
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Nature. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 55:6, s. 973-983
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Distinct tissue-specific mechanisms mediate insulin action in fasting and postprandial states. Previous genetic studies have largely focused on insulin resistance in the fasting state, where hepatic insulin action dominates. Here we studied genetic variants influencing insulin levels measured 2 h after a glucose challenge in >55,000 participants from three ancestry groups. We identified ten new loci (P < 5 × 10-8) not previously associated with postchallenge insulin resistance, eight of which were shown to share their genetic architecture with type 2 diabetes in colocalization analyses. We investigated candidate genes at a subset of associated loci in cultured cells and identified nine candidate genes newly implicated in the expression or trafficking of GLUT4, the key glucose transporter in postprandial glucose uptake in muscle and fat. By focusing on postprandial insulin resistance, we highlighted the mechanisms of action at type 2 diabetes loci that are not adequately captured by studies of fasting glycemic traits.
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| 10. |
- Acx, A. G., et al.
(författare)
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Radio Resource Management
- 2000
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Ingår i: Third generation mobile communication systems. - Boston, Mass : Artech House. - 1580530826 ; , s. 386-
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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