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- Locke, Adam E, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic studies of body mass index yield new insights for obesity biology.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 518:7538, s. 197-401
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Obesity is heritable and predisposes to many diseases. To understand the genetic basis of obesity better, here we conduct a genome-wide association study and Metabochip meta-analysis of body mass index (BMI), a measure commonly used to define obesity and assess adiposity, in up to 339,224 individuals. This analysis identifies 97 BMI-associated loci (P < 5 × 10(-8)), 56 of which are novel. Five loci demonstrate clear evidence of several independent association signals, and many loci have significant effects on other metabolic phenotypes. The 97 loci account for ∼2.7% of BMI variation, and genome-wide estimates suggest that common variation accounts for >20% of BMI variation. Pathway analyses provide strong support for a role of the central nervous system in obesity susceptibility and implicate new genes and pathways, including those related to synaptic function, glutamate signalling, insulin secretion/action, energy metabolism, lipid biology and adipogenesis.
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| 4. |
- Merlo, Juan, et al.
(författare)
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God vård på lika villkor vid hjärtinfarkt i dagens Sverige. Geografiska skillnader i dödlighet utan betyd
- 2005
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205. ; 102:1-2, s. 20-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is a known fact that the 1990s brought a decrease in mortality after myocardial infarction in Sweden but that differences in mortality rates following myocardial infarction still remain between the Swedish counties. Unresolved, however, are questions as to what these inter-county differences mean for the individual patient and what role hospital care plays in this context. We analysed all patients aged 64-85 years who were hospitalised following diagnosis of myocardial infarction in Sweden during the period 1993-1996. To gain an understanding of the relevance of geographical differences in mortality after myocardial infarction for the individual patient we applied multi-level regression analysis and calculated county and hospital median odds ratios (MORs) in relation to 28-day mortality. For hospitalised patients with myocardial infarction, being cared for in another hospital with higher mortality would increase the risk of dying by 9% (MOR=1.09) in men and 12% in women. If these patients moved to another county with higher mortality the risk would increase by 7% and 3%, respectively. The small geographical differences in 28-day mortality after myocardial infarction found in Sweden suggest a high degree of equality across the country; however, further improvement could be achieved in hospital care, especially for women - an issue that deserves further analysis.
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- Abou-Zeid, M., et al.
(författare)
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T-duality in (2,1) superspace
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics (JHEP). - : SPRINGER. - 1126-6708 .- 1029-8479. ; :6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We find the T-duality transformation rules for 2-dimensional (2,1) supersymmetric sigma-models in (2,1) superspace. Our results clarify certain aspects of the (2,1) sigma model geometry relevant to the discussion of T-duality. The complexified duality transformations we find are equivalent to the usual Buscher duality transformations (including an important refinement) together with diffeomorphisms. We use the gauging of sigma-models in (2,1) superspace, which we review and develop, finding a manifestly real and geometric expression for the gauged action. We discuss the obstructions to gauging (2,1) sigma-models, and find that the obstructions to (2,1) T-duality are considerably weaker.
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| 9. |
- Arai, Masato, et al.
(författare)
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Hyperkahler sigma models on cotangent bundles of Hermitian symmetric spaces using projective superspace
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics (JHEP). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1126-6708 .- 1029-8479. ; :2, s. 100-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Kahler manifolds have a natural hyperkahler structure associated with (part of) their cotangent bundles. Using projective superspace, we construct four-dimensional N=2 models on the tangent bundles of some classical Hermitian symmetric spaces (specifically, the four regular series of irreducible compact symmetric Kahler manifolds, and their non-compact versions). A further dualization yields the Kahler potential for the hyperkahler metric on the cotangent bundle.
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| 10. |
- Arai, Masato, et al.
(författare)
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Polar supermultiplets, Hermitian symmetric spaces and hyperkahler metrics
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics (JHEP). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1126-6708 .- 1029-8479. ; 12, s. 008-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We address the construction of four-dimensional N = 2 supersymmetric non-linear sigma models on tangent bundles of arbitrary Hermitian symmetric spaces startingfrom projective superspace. Using a systematic way of solving the (infinite number of) aux-iliary field equations along with the requirement of supersymmetry, we are able to derivea closed form for the Lagrangian on the tangent bundle and to dualize it to give the hy-perk ̈hler potential on the cotangent bundle. As an application, the case of the exceptional asymmetric space E6 / SO(10) × U(1) is explicitly worked out for the first time.
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