| 1. |
- Alverson, George, et al.
(författare)
-
Experimental Search for W / Z Pairs and Higgs Bosons at Very High-Energy Hadron Hadron Colliders
- 1986
-
Ingår i: Physics of the Superconducting Supercollider: Proceedings, 1986 Summer Study. ; C860623
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We study, from an experimental point of view, the main ways to detect standard high mass Higgs bosons (from 300 Gev up to about 1 TeV) when they decay into W- and Z- pairs at the SSC. We also consider the corresponding W- and Z”-pair continuum which may itself provide interesting physics, and we pay some attention to the case of an intermediate mass charged Higgs decaying into rvr, (met =300 GeV). We first explain why and how high energy pp colliders may search for Higgs’ and we compare their possible performances to those of the e+e- and ep colliders at all possible m-s scale (from few tens of GeV’s up to 1 TeV). We then estimate the rates of the signals and the main backgrounds. Wede5ne the main characteristics of these events as reproduced by M.C. generators (especially implemented with these processes) and simulated through an idealiied In fine-grained calorimeter. A trigger strategy for W- and Z-pairs is derived from this study.
|
|
| 2. |
- De Guio, François, et al.
(författare)
-
Reproducibility and variability of quantitative magnetic resonance imaging markers in cerebral small vessel disease
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism. - 0271-678X. ; 36:8, s. 1319-1337
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Brain imaging is essential for the diagnosis and characterization of cerebral small vessel disease. Several magnetic resonance imaging markers have therefore emerged, providing new information on the diagnosis, progression, and mechanisms of small vessel disease. Yet, the reproducibility of these small vessel disease markers has received little attention despite being widely used in cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. This review focuses on the main small vessel disease-related markers on magnetic resonance imaging including: white matter hyperintensities, lacunes, dilated perivascular spaces, microbleeds, and brain volume. The aim is to summarize, for each marker, what is currently known about: (1) its reproducibility in studies with a scan-rescan procedure either in single or multicenter settings; (2) the acquisition-related sources of variability; and, (3) the techniques used to minimize this variability. Based on the results, we discuss technical and other challenges that need to be overcome in order for these markers to be reliably used as outcome measures in future clinical trials. We also highlight the key points that need to be considered when designing multicenter magnetic resonance imaging studies of small vessel disease.
|
|
| 3. |
- Dichgans, Martin, et al.
(författare)
-
METACOHORTS for the study of vascular disease and its contribution to cognitive decline and neurodegeneration : An initiative of the Joint Programme for Neurodegenerative Disease Research
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Alzheimer's and Dementia. - : Wiley. - 1552-5260 .- 1552-5279. ; 12:12, s. 1235-1249
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dementia is a global problem and major target for health care providers. Although up to 45% of cases are primarily or partly due to cerebrovascular disease, little is known of these mechanisms or treatments because most dementia research still focuses on pure Alzheimer's disease. An improved understanding of the vascular contributions to neurodegeneration and dementia, particularly by small vessel disease, is hampered by imprecise data, including the incidence and prevalence of symptomatic and clinically “silent” cerebrovascular disease, long-term outcomes (cognitive, stroke, or functional), and risk factors. New large collaborative studies with long follow-up are expensive and time consuming, yet substantial data to advance the field are available. In an initiative funded by the Joint Programme for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, 55 international experts surveyed and assessed available data, starting with European cohorts, to promote data sharing to advance understanding of how vascular disease affects brain structure and function, optimize methods for cerebrovascular disease in neurodegeneration research, and focus future research on gaps in knowledge. Here, we summarize the results and recommendations from this initiative. We identified data from over 90 studies, including over 660,000 participants, many being additional to neurodegeneration data initiatives. The enthusiastic response means that cohorts from North America, Australasia, and the Asia Pacific Region are included, creating a truly global, collaborative, data sharing platform, linked to major national dementia initiatives. Furthermore, the revised World Health Organization International Classification of Diseases version 11 should facilitate recognition of vascular-related brain damage by creating one category for all cerebrovascular disease presentations and thus accelerate identification of targets for dementia prevention.
|
|
| 4. |
- Hallberg, Niklas Lars, et al.
(författare)
-
Organizational Barriers and the Implementation of Customer Value Map Analysis: A Case Study of a Global Manufacturing Firm in the Polymer Technology Industry
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Innovation in pricing: Contemporary theories and best practices. - 9780203085684 - 9780415521642 - 9780415521611 ; , s. 1-416
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Prior studies have found that firms often find it difficult to implement innovative pricing strategies, such as value-based pricing, due to the organizational barriers they face in the implementation process. This case study of a manufacturing firm’s implementation of value-based pricing through the use of customer value map analysis (CVMA) examines the effect of these organizational barriers. Key challenges for the studied firm involved overcoming the sales representatives’ focus on turnover rather than profit margin, as well as inconsistent prices across sales regions. These challenges were addressed by an increased sales force control and training the sales representatives in explaining the customer value. The results of our study indicate that innovation in sales force management, or more specifically, sales force price delegation, is a key success factor for the implementation of value-based pricing through CVMA.
|
|
| 5. |
- Johansson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
-
Value assessment and pricing capabilities—how to profit from value
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-6930 .- 1477-657X. ; 14:3, s. 178-197
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Value is a key concept for researchers and practitioners in the fields of strategy, marketing, and pricing. In the strategy literature, value is closely related to competitive advantage and profit, in the marketing literature value is the cornerstone of the marketing management process, in the pricing literature value represents the customer’s willingness to pay. The aim of this article is to bridge the gap between marketing, pricing and strategy research through a compilation of five short essays that focus on value assessment and pricing capabilities. This article argues that value assessment and pricing capabilities provide the foundation for value creation and value appropriation in business-to-business markets, highlights their implications for profiting from value created and delivered, and outlines important areas for future research.
|
|
| 6. |
- Kleineidam, Luca, et al.
(författare)
-
Midlife occupational cognitive requirements protect cognitive function in old age by increasing cognitive reserve
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Psychology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-1078. ; 13
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Several lifestyle factors promote protection against Alzheimer's disease (AD) throughout a person's lifespan. Although such protective effects have been described for occupational cognitive requirements (OCR) in midlife, it is currently unknown whether they are conveyed by brain maintenance (BM), brain reserve (BR), or cognitive reserve (CR) or a combination of them. Methods: We systematically derived hypotheses for these resilience concepts and tested them in the population-based AgeCoDe cohort and memory clinic-based AD high-risk DELCODE study. The OCR score (OCRS) was measured using job activities based on the O*NET occupational classification system. Four sets of analyses were conducted: (1) the interaction of OCR and APOE-ε4 with regard to cognitive decline (N = 2,369, AgeCoDe), (2) association with differentially shaped retrospective trajectories before the onset of dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT; N = 474, AgeCoDe), (3) cross-sectional interaction of the OCR and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD biomarkers and brain structural measures regarding memory function (N = 873, DELCODE), and (4) cross-sectional and longitudinal association of OCR with CSF AD biomarkers and brain structural measures (N = 873, DELCODE). Results: Regarding (1), higher OCRS was associated with a reduced association of APOE-ε4 with cognitive decline (mean follow-up = 6.03 years), consistent with CR and BR. Regarding (2), high OCRS was associated with a later onset but subsequently stronger cognitive decline in individuals converting to DAT, consistent with CR. Regarding (3), higher OCRS was associated with a weaker association of the CSF Aβ42/40 ratio and hippocampal volume with memory function, consistent with CR. Regarding (4), OCR was not associated with the levels or changes in CSF AD biomarkers (mean follow-up = 2.61 years). We found a cross-sectional, age-independent association of OCRS with some MRI markers, but no association with 1-year-change. OCR was not associated with the intracranial volume. These results are not completely consistent with those of BR or BM. Discussion: Our results support the link between OCR and CR. Promoting and seeking complex and stimulating work conditions in midlife could therefore contribute to increased resistance to pathologies in old age and might complement prevention measures aimed at reducing pathology.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Vlcek, Vojtech, et al.
(författare)
-
Improved ground-state electronic structure and optical dielectric constants with a semilocal exchange functional
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - : American Physical Society. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 91:3, s. 035107-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A recently published generalized gradient approximation functional within density functional theory (DFT) has shown, in a few paradigm tests, an improved KS orbital description over standard (semi) local approximations. The characteristic feature of this functional is an enhancement factor that diverges like s ln(s) for large reduced density gradients s which leads to unusual properties. We explore the improved orbital description of this functional more thoroughly by computing the electronic band structure, band gaps, and the optical dielectric constants in semiconductors, Mott insulators, and ionic crystals. Compared to standard semilocal functionals, we observe improvement in both the band gaps and the optical dielectric constants. In particular, the results are similar to those obtained with orbital functionals or by perturbation theory methods in that it opens band gaps in systems described as metallic by standard (semi) local density functionals, e. g., Ge, alpha-Sn, and CdO.
|
|
