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- 2019
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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- Lv, B. F., et al.
(författare)
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Chirality of Nd-135 reexamined : Evidence for multiple chiral doublet bands
- 2019
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Ingår i: Physical Review C. - : American Physical Society. - 2469-9985 .- 2469-9993. ; 100:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One new pair of positive-parity chiral doublet bands have been identified in the odd-A nucleus Nd-135 which together with the previously reported negative-parity chiral doublet bands constitute a third case of multiple chiral doublet (M chi D) bands in the A approximate to 130 mass region. The properties of the M chi D bands are well reproduced by constrained covariant density functional theory and particle rotor model calculations. The newly observed M chi D bands in Nd-135 represents an important milestone in supporting the existence of M chi D in nuclei.
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| 4. |
- Cerenius, Lage, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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High sequence variability among hemocyte-specific Kazal-type proteinase inhibitors in decapod crustaceans
- 2010
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Ingår i: Developmental and Comparative Immunology. - : Elsevier. - 0145-305X .- 1879-0089. ; 34:1, s. 69-75
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Crustacean hemocytes were found to produce a large number of transcripts coding for Kazal-type proteinase inhibitors (KPIs). A detailed study performed with the crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus and the shrimp Penaeus monodon revealed the presence of at least 26 and 20 different Kazal domains from the hemocyte KPIs, respectively. Comparisons with KPIs from other taxa indicate that the sequences of these domains evolve rapidly. A few conserved positions, e.g. six invariant cysteines were present in all domain sequences whereas the position of P1 amino acid, a determinant for substrate specificity, varied highly. A study with a single crayfish animal suggested that even at the individual level considerable sequence variability among hemocyte KPIs produced exist. Expression analysis of four crayfish KPI transcripts in hematopoietic tissue cells and different hemocyte types suggest that some of these KPIs are likely to be involved in hematopoiesis or hemocyte release as they were produced in particular hemocyte types or maturation stages only.
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| 5. |
- Jiravanichpaisal, Pikul, et al.
(författare)
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A highly virulent pathogen, Aeromonas hydrophila, from the freshwater crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-2011 .- 1096-0805. ; 101:1, s. 56-66
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aeromonas spp. are characteristic bacteria of freshwaters and many of them can be components of the bacterial flora of aquatic animals and may become pathogens on animals including humans. In this study Aeromonas hydrophila was isolated from the freshwater crayfish, Pacifastacus leniusculus, and was found to be a highly pathogenic bacterium among many isolated bacteria. Mortality reached 100% within 6h when 200 microl of 1.24 x 10(7)CFU/ml was applied by injection. Histopathological studies of moribund crayfish showed that extensive necrotic nuclei and clump-infiltrated hemocytes were found in observed tissues including gill, heart, hepatopancreas and the circulatory system. To verify how crayfish are susceptible to this bacterium, crude extracellular products (ECPs) obtained from culture supernatant of A. hydrophila was studied either in vivo or in vitro. ECPs (200 microl) were able to kill crayfish by injection. In an in vitro study, ECPs induced cytotoxicity of hemocytes as well as hematopoietic cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner after 30 min post inoculation. Two genes coding for endotoxins were also found in this isolate of A. hydrophila. This indicates that the bacterial endotoxins are the causative agents of crayfish mortality. Moreover, the effect of temperature on the infectivity of A. hydrophila to crayfish was also studied. At 4 degrees C, all crayfish survived, whereas at 20 degrees C the animals died rapidly after bacterial challenge. At this low temperature A. hydrophila did not replicate or replicated at a very low degree and hence crayfish could probably mount effective cellular reactions towards A. hydrophila.
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| 7. |
- Li, Zhonghu, et al.
(författare)
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Population Genetic Evidence for Complex Evolutionary Histories of Four High Altitude Juniper Species in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau
- 2012
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Ingår i: Evolution. - : Wiley. - 0014-3820 .- 1558-5646. ; 66:3, s. 831-845
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Population genetics data based on multiple nuclear loci provide invaluable information to understand demographic, selective, and divergence histories of the current species. We studied nucleotide variation at 13 nuclear loci in 53 populations distributed among four closely related, but morphologically distinct juniper species of the QinghaiTibetan Plateau (QTP). We used a novel approach combining Approximate Bayesian Computation and a recently developed neutrality test based on the maximum frequency of derived mutations to examine the demographic and selective histories of individual species, and isolation-with-migration analyses to study the joint history of the species and detect gene flow between them. We found that (1) the four species, which diverged in response to the extensive QTP uplifts, have different demographic histories; (2) two loci, Pgi and CC0822, depart significantly from neutrality in one species and Pgi, is also marginally significant in another; and (3) shared polymorphisms are common, indicating both incomplete lineage sorting and gene flow after species divergence. In addition, the detected unidirectional gene flow provides indirect support for the theoretical prediction that introgression should mostly take place from local to invading species. Our results, together with previous studies, underscore complex evolutionary histories of plant diversification in the biodiversity-hotspot QTP.
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| 8. |
- Liu, Haipeng, et al.
(författare)
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Antilipopolysaccharide factor interferes with white spot syndrome virus replication in vitro and in vivo in the crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Virology. - 0022-538X .- 1098-5514. ; 80:21, s. 10365-10371
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a study of genes expressed differentially in the freshwater crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus infected experimentally with the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), one protein, known as antilipopolysaccharide factor (ALF), was chosen, among those whose transcript levels increased upon viral infection, for further studies. ALF RNA interference (RNAi) experiments in whole animals and in cell cultures indicated that ALF can protect against WSSV infection, since knockdown of AILF by RNAi specifically resulted in higher rates of viral propagation. In a cell culture of hematopoietic tissue (Hpt) from P. leniusculus, quantitative PCR showed that knockdown of ALF by RNAi resulted into WSSV levels that were about 10-fold higher than those treated with control double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). In addition, RNAi experiments with other crayfish genes that had been found to be up-regulated by a WSSV infection did not result in any changes of viral loads. Thus, the cell culture does not respond to dsRNA in a similar manner, as shown earlier for dsRNA injected into shrimp, which gave a higher degree of resistance to WSSV infection. If ALF transcription in whole animals was stimulated by the administration of LTV-treated WSSV, a partial protection against a subsequent challenge with the active virus was conferred to the host. This is the first crustacean gene product identified with the capacity to interfere with replication of this important pathogen.
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| 9. |
- Liu, Haipeng, et al.
(författare)
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Antiviral immunity in crustaceans
- 2009
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Ingår i: Fish and Shellfish Immunology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1050-4648 .- 1095-9947. ; 27:2, s. 79-88
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Viral diseases of shrimp have caused negative effects on the economy in several countries in Asia, south Americas and Americas, where they have numerous shrimp culture industries. The studies on the immunity of shrimp and other crustaceans have mainly focused on general aspects of immunity and as a consequence little is known about the antiviral responses in crustaceans. The aim of this review is to update recent knowledge of innate immunity against viral infections in crustaceans. Several antiviral molecules have been isolated and characterized recently from decapods. Characterization and identification of these molecules might provide a promising strategy for protection and treatment of these viral diseases. In addition dsRNA-induced antiviral immunity is also included.
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| 10. |
- Liu, Haipeng, 1976-
(författare)
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Functional Studies of Some Immune Relevant Genes in a Crustacean
- 2008
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The freshwater crayfish, Pacifastacus leniusculus, mounts a strong innate immune response against microbes such as viruses and bacteria. In this thesis, a novel RNA interference (RNAi) method mediated with histone H2A was developed and applied in crayfish hematopoietic tissue cell cultures for gene functional studies. Further, the interactions between host (crayfish) and pathogens (white spot syndrome virus and Aeromonas hydrophila, respectively) were studied using RNAi technology in live animals. An antilipopolysaccharide factor isolated from viral challenged crayfish by suppression subtractive hybridization was shown to interfere with the propagation of white spot syndrome virus both in vivo and in vitro in crayfish, suggesting an important role of this factor in antiviral defense. Besides, RNAi of phenoloxidase, a critical immune effector involved in melanization, revealed that phenoloxidase activity is necessary for crayfish immune defense against a highly pathogenic bacterial infection in crayfish. In addition, RNAi was also employed to study a marker protein gene involved in hemocyte maturation in crayfish. Taken together, these studies may provide more insights into the immune responses against pathogen invasion as well as hemocyte ontogenesis in crustaceans.
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