| 1. |
- Du, Yaoyao, et al.
(författare)
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Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein Inhibits Vascular Smooth Muscle Calcification by Interacting With Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Circulation Research. - 1524-4571. ; 108, s. 79-917
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rationale: Vascular calcification is a significant contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. We recently reported that cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) is pivotal for maintaining the homeostasis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Whether COMP affects the process of vascular calcification is unknown. Objective: We aimed to test whether COMP modulates vascular calcification. Methods and Results: VSMC calcification in vitro was induced by calcifying media containing high inorganic phosphate or calcium. In vivo medial vessel calcification was induced in rats by 5/6 nephrectomy with a high-phosphate diet or by periadventitial application of CaCl(2) to the abdominal aorta. COMP protein level was markedly reduced in both calcified VSMCs and arteries. COMP deficiency remarkably exacerbated VSMC calcification, whereas ectopic expression of COMP greatly reduced calcification. Furthermore, COMP knockdown facilitated osteogenic markers expression by VSMCs even in the absence of calcifying media. By contrast, COMP overexpression significantly inhibited high phosphate- or high calcium-induced VSMC osteochondrogenic transition. Induction of osteogenic marker expression by COMP silencing was reversed by a soluble form of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 receptor IA, which suggests a BMP-2-dependent mechanism. Our data revealed that COMP bound directly to BMP-2 through the C terminus, inhibited BMP-2 receptor binding, and blocked BMP-2 osteogenic signaling, indicating COMP inhibits osteochondrogenic transition of VSMCs at least partially through inhibiting BMP-2. Conclusions: Our data strongly suggest that COMP is a novel inhibitor of vascular calcification. The imbalance between the effects of COMP and BMP-2 may provide new insights into the pathophysiology of vascular calcification.
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| 2. |
- Liu, Daosheng, et al.
(författare)
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Magnetic Properties and Vibration Characteristics of Amorphous Alloy Strip and Its Combination
- 2019
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Ingår i: IET Electric Power Applications. - : Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET). - 1751-8660 .- 1751-8679. ; 13:10, s. 1589-1597
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although the cores made with amorphous metal alloy have lowered no-load losses compared with the orientation silicon steel cores, a high cost and noise level are inevitable because the magnetostriction for amorphous metal alloy strip is larger than the ordinary one. This paper mainly focused on the experimental systems and methods for magnetic properties measurement, vibration characteristics and noise level of amorphous alloy strip and combinations. The vibration characteristics and noise level of amorphous alloy composite strip were also studied. The influence of annealing process on magnetic energy, vibration characteristics and noise level of amorphous alloy core were analyzed in detail as well. All the testing results and analysis above are helpful for the transformer manufacturers, and they can replace the expensive amorphous alloy metal strip with the combination ones to reduce the noise and the cost of the cores.
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| 3. |
- Ai, Sizhi, et al.
(författare)
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Causal associations of short and long sleep durations with 12 cardiovascular diseases : linear and nonlinear Mendelian randomization analyses in UK Biobank
- 2021
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal. - : Oxford University Press. - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 42:34, s. 3349-3357
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims Observational studies have suggested strong associations between sleep duration and many cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), but causal inferences have not been confirmed. We aimed to determine the causal associations between genetically predicted sleep duration and 12 CVDs using both linear and nonlinear Mendelian randomization (MR) designs. Methods and results Genetic variants associated with continuous, short (<= 6 h) and long (>= 9 h) sleep durations were used to examine the causal associations with 12 CVDs among 404 044 UK Biobank participants of White British ancestry. Linear MR analyses showed that genetically predicted sleep duration was negatively associated with arterial hypertension, atrial fibrillation, pulmonary embolism, and chronic ischaemic heart disease after correcting for multiple tests (P <0.001). Nonlinear MR analyses demonstrated nonlinearity (L-shaped associations) between genetically predicted sleep duration and four CVDs, including arterial hypertension, chronic ischaemic heart disease, coronary artery disease, and myocardial infarction. Complementary analyses provided confirmative evidence of the adverse effects of genetically predicted short sleep duration on the risks of 5 out of the 12 CVDs, including arterial hypertension, pulmonary embolism, coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, and chronic ischaemic heart disease (P< 0.001), and suggestive evidence for atrial fibrillation (P < 0.05). However, genetically predicted long sleep duration was not associated with any CVD. Conclusion This study suggests that genetically predicted short sleep duration is a potential causal risk factor of several CVDs, while genetically predicted long steep duration is unlikely to be a causal risk factor for most CVDs. [GRAPHICS] .
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| 4. |
- Castro, Felipe A., et al.
(författare)
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Increased Risk of Hepatobiliary Cancers After Hospitalization for Autoimmune Disease
- 2014
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Ingår i: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1542-7714 .- 1542-3565. ; 12:6, s. 1038-1045
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND & AIMS: Some autoimmune diseases are associated with increased risk of liver cancer. However, there has been no comprehensive evaluation of autoimmune diseases among patients who develop different subtypes of hepatobiliary cancer. We examined the association between autoimmune diseases and cancers of the liver and biliary tract in the Swedish population. METHODS: We analyzed data from national datasets at the Center for Primary Health Care Research (Lund University, Sweden). Data on patients with autoimmune disorders were retrieved from the Swedish Hospital Discharge Register, from 1964 through 2008; 33 diseases were evaluated. Hepatobiliary cancer cases were retrieved from the Swedish Cancer Registry. We calculated standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and hazard ratios for incident cancers and deaths from hepatobiliary cancers. RESULTS: Among 402,462 patients with autoimmune disorders, 582 were diagnosed with primary liver cancer, 330 with gallbladder cancer, 115 with extrahepatic bile duct cancer, and 43 with ampulla of Vater cancers. We identified 14 autoimmune conditions that were significantly associated with increased risk of primary liver cancer (overall SIR [any autoimmune disease], 2.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.0-2.3), 5 conditions associated with gallbladder cancer (overall SIR, 1.3; 95% CI, 1.1-1.4), and 3 associated with extrahepatic bile duct cancer (overall SIR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.3-1.9). The autoimmune disorders with the strongest association with primary liver cancer were primary biliary cirrhosis (SIR, 39.5; 95% CI, 28.2-53.8) and autoimmune hepatitis (SIR, 29.0; 95% CI, 9.1-68.2); ulcerative colitis was strongly associated with extrahepatic bile duct cancer (SIR, 5.6; 95% CI, 3.6-8.4). Celiac disease, Crohn's disease, systemic sclerosis, and ulcerative colitis were associated with at least 2 types of cancer. Increased hazard ratios were observed only for patients with biliary tract cancer who had been hospitalized for autoimmune conditions. CONCLUSIONS: In a study of the Swedish population, we identified an increased risk of hepatobiliary cancers among individuals diagnosed with autoimmune disease. Associations among different cancer types indicate that shared immunomodulatory mechanisms determine susceptibility to hepatobiliary cancer.
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| 5. |
- Fallah, Mahdi, et al.
(författare)
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Autoimmune diseases associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma: A nationwide cohort study.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Annals of Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1569-8041 .- 0923-7534. ; 25:10, s. 2025-2030
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The cumulative risk of NHL in Sweden by age 80 years has increased to 1.1 in women and 1.6% in men in 2011. Increased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) associated with personal histories of some autoimmune diseases (ADs) are known. It is unclear whether there are other NHL-related ADs and whether this association holds across different sex, age and year of diagnosis, or NHL histological subtypes.
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| 6. |
- Fallah, M., et al.
(författare)
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Hodgkin lymphoma after autoimmune diseases by age at diagnosis and histological subtype
- 2014
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Ingår i: Annals of Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1569-8041 .- 0923-7534. ; 25:7, s. 1397-1404
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Increased risk of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) associated with personal history of several autoimmune diseases (ADs), such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, sarcoidosis, and immune thrombocytopenic purpura, are known. Whether there are other HL-related ADs and whether the increased risk of HL after ADs holds across sex, age, year of diagnosis, or HL histological subtype is unclear. We systematically analyzed the risk of HL in 878 161 Swedish patients diagnosed with 33 different ADs in 1964-2010. During similar to 10-year follow-up of ADs patients, 371 incident HL cases were diagnosed. Significantly increased overall standardized incidence ratio (SIR) for HL after ADs was 2.0 (95% confidence interval: 1.8-2.2); AD-specific SIRs: autoimmune hemolytic anemia 19.9 (7.2-43.6), sarcoidosis 10.3 (7.8-13.4), systemic lupus erythematosus 8.4 (5.2-12.9), immune thrombocytopenic purpura 7.0 (3.2-13.3), polyarteritis nodosa 6.6 (1.2-19.5), polymyositis/dermatomyositis 6.3 (2.0-14.9), Behcet's disease 5.6 (2.7-10.3), Sjogren's syndrome 5.0 (2.1-9.8), rheumatoid arthritis 3.2 (2.6-3.9), polymyalgia rheumatica 2.2 (1.4-3.5), and psoriasis 1.9 (1.3-2.6). Men with AD had slightly higher risk of HL (2.4, 2.0-2.7) compared with women (1.8, 1.5-2.0). Only 23% of ADs were diagnosed before age 35 years and the overall SIR for HL diagnosis before age 35 [1.4, (1.0-1.8)] was lower than that in older ages [35 a parts per thousand currency sign age < 50: 2.1 (1.6-2.7); age a parts per thousand yen 50: 2.2 (2.0-2.5)], except for sarcoidosis [age < 35: 19.3 (10.5-32.5); 35 a parts per thousand currency sign age < 50: 10.4 (5.7-17.5); age a parts per thousand yen 50: 8.4 (5.6-12.1)]. Risks of all classical HLs significantly increased after ADs: lymphocyte depletion 3.7 (1.5-7.6), lymphocyte-rich 3.7 (2.3-5.9), mixed cellularity 2.4 (1.8-3.2), and nodular sclerosis 1.7 (1.3-2.1). Several, but not all ADs (11/33), had a positive association with all classical histological subtypes of HL. Higher risks of classical HL after polyarteritis nodosa, polymyositis/dermatomyositis, Behcet's disease, Sjogren's syndrome, polymyalgia rheumatica, and psoriasis were novel findings of this study.
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| 7. |
- Fu, Yunfei, et al.
(författare)
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Fundamental Characteristics of Tropical Rain Cell Structures as Measured by TRMM PR
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Meteorological Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2095-6037 .- 2198-0934. ; 34:6, s. 1129-1150
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rain cells are the most elementary unit of precipitation system in nature. In this study, fundamental geometric and physical characteristics of rain cells over tropical land and ocean areas are investigated by using 15-yr measurements of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Precipitation Radar (PR). The rain cells are identified with a minimum bounding rectangle (MBR) method. The results indicate that about 50% of rain cells occur at length of about 20 km and width of 15 km. The proportion of rain cells with length > 200 km and width > 100 km is less than 1%. There is a a log-linear relationship between the mean length and width of rain cells. Usually, for the same horizontal geometric parameters, rain cells tend to be square horizontally and lanky vertically over land, while vertically squatty over ocean. The rainfall intensity of rain cells varies from 0.4 to 10 mm h(-1) over land to 0.4-8 mm h(-1) over ocean. Statistical results indicate that the occurrence frequency of rain cells decreases as the areal fraction of convective precipitation in rain cells increases, while such frequency remains almost invariant when the areal fraction of stratiform precipitation varies from 10% to 80%. The relationship between physical and geometric parameters of rain cells shows that the mean rain rate of rain cells is more frequently associated with the increase of their area, with the increasing rate over land greater than that over ocean. The results also illustrate that heavy convective rain rate prefers to occur in larger rain cells over land while heavy stratiform rain rate tends to appear in larger rain cells over ocean. For the same size of rain cells, the areal fraction and the contribution of convective precipitation are about 10%-15% higher over land than over ocean.
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| 8. |
- Hemminki, Kari, et al.
(författare)
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Autoimmune disease and subsequent digestive tract cancer by histology
- 2012
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Ingår i: Annals of Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1569-8041 .- 0923-7534. ; 23:4, s. 6-927
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Dysregulation of the immune function in autoimmune diseases could potentially lead to cancer development and there is definite evidence linking some autoimmune mechanisms with cancer. We analyzed systematically the occurrence of histology-specific digestive tract cancers in patients diagnosed with 33 different autoimmune diseases in order to address the question of shared susceptibility. Patients and methods: Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated for subsequent digestive tract cancers up to the year 2008 and in patients hospitalized for autoimmune disease after the year 1964. Results: Myasthenia gravis associated with five different cancers with SIRs ranging from 1.35 to 2.78. Pernicious anemia, Crohn disease, ulcerative colitis, systemic lupus erythematosis and psoriasis were also associated with cancers at multiple sites. Rheumatoid arthritis associated with no cancer and the standardized incidence ratio was decreased for colon adenocarcinoma, also in ankylosing spondylitis patients. Conclusions: Increased risks of cancer were observed in patients with several autoimmune diseases. Myasthenia gravis and pernicious anemia were associated with many cancers; this is possibly related to immunosuppressant medication in myasthenia gravis. The decreased risks in colon and rectal adenocarcinomas in rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis suggest underlying inflammatory mechanisms as the risks may have been suppressed by the use of anti-inflammatory medication.
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| 9. |
- Hemminki, Kari, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of autoimmune diseases on incidence and survival in subsequent multiple myeloma
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Hematology & Oncology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1756-8722. ; 5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Patients with many types of autoimmune diseases (AIDs) are at an increased risk of cancer, which may depend on underlying dysregulation of the immune system or treatment. We systematically analyzed myeloma risk and survival in patients diagnosed with 33 different AIDs. Methods: Data on patients with AIDs were retrieved from the Swedish Hospital Discharge Register and were linked to myeloma diagnoses from the Cancer Registry. Standardized incidence ratios (SIR) and hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated for subsequent myeloma between 1964 and 2008. Results: Among patients with the 33 AIDs analyzed, 457 cases of myeloma were diagnosed. The overall SIR for myeloma was 1.12 and the overall HR was 0.92 and non-significant. SIRs for myeloma were significantly increased after ankylosing spondylitis (2.02) and systemic sclerosis (2.63). Only the HR for myeloma after rheumatic fever (5.27) was significantly increased. The SIR for myeloma before age 60 years was 1.45; the SIR for myeloma was only increased in the period 1964-1990 (1.31) and not later (1.04). Only the SIR for myeloma after ankylosing spondylitis was increased in the period 1991-2008 (2.09); the HRs for myeloma were increased after polymyositis/ dermatomyositis (6.44) and rheumatic fever (4.43) but there were only three deaths of myeloma after these AIDs. Conclusions: The present data showed an increase in myeloma SIR after two AIDs, ankylosing spondylitis and systemic sclerosis, and in HR after rheumatic fever. The overall myeloma risk after any AID was no longer increased in the latter follow-up period of 1991 through 2008.
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| 10. |
- Hemminki, Kari, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of autoimmune diseases on mortality and survival in subsequent digestive tract cancers
- 2012
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Ingår i: Annals of Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1569-8041 .- 0923-7534. ; 23:8, s. 2179-2184
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patients with some autoimmune diseases (AIDs) are at increased risk of cancer, possibly a result of an underlying dysregulation of the immune system, medication, treatment or, probably, surveillance bias. Data on cancer mortality and survival in patients previously diagnosed with AIDs would provide novel information on these comorbidities and their clinical implications. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated for subsequent deaths from seven digestive tract cancers between 1964 and 2008 in patients hospitalized for any of 33 AIDs. There were 33 increased SMRs for specific cancers after a defined AID; similarly, 21 HRs were increased. Both the SMR and HR were increased after 10 autoimmune disorders, including pernicious anemia, systemic lupus erythematosus and psoriasis. Increased SMRs and unchanged HRs were noted for 23 cancers. Myasthenia gravis was associated with SMRs for five cancers but no increases in HRs. For nine cancers, including esophageal cancer after ulcerative colitis and rheumatoid arthritis, the SMR was unchanged but the HR increased. The increases in SMRs provide evidence that cancer risks were truly increased and largely unaffected by surveillance bias. The prognostic survival data should contribute to clinical evaluation and therapeutic planning.
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