| 1. |
- Chen, Mengyun, et al.
(författare)
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Kinetically Controlled Synthesis of Quasi-Square CsPbI3 Nanoplatelets with Excellent Stability
- 2023
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Ingår i: Small. - : WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH. - 1613-6810 .- 1613-6829.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nanoplatelets (NPLs) share excellent luminescent properties with their symmetric quantum dots counterparts and entail special characters benefiting from the shape, like the thickness-dependent bandgap and anisotropic luminescence. However, perovskite NPLs, especially those based on iodide, suffer from poor spectral and phase stability. Here, stable CsPbI3 NPLs obtained by accelerating the crystallization process in ambient-condition synthesis are reported. By this kinetic control, the rectangular NPLs into quasi-square NPLs are tuned, where enlarged width endows the NPLs with a lower surface-area-to-volume ratio (S/V ratio), leading to lower surficial energy and thus improved endurance against NPL fusion (cause for spectral shift or phase transformation). The accelerated crystallization, denoting the fast nucleation and short period of growth in this report, is enabled by preparing a precursor with complete transformation of PbI2 into intermediates (PbI3-), through an additional iodide supplier (e.g., zinc iodide). The excellent color stability of the materials remains in the light-emitting diodes under various bias stresses.
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| 2. |
- Liu, Qian, et al.
(författare)
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Yeast mismatch repair components are required for stable inheritance of gene silencing
- 2020
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Ingår i: Plos Genetics. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-7404. ; 16:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Alterations in epigenetic silencing have been associated with ageing and tumour formation. Although substantial efforts have been made towards understanding the mechanisms of gene silencing, novel regulators in this process remain to be identified. To systematically search for components governing epigenetic silencing, we developed a genome-wide silencing screen for yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) silent mating type locus HMR. Unexpectedly, the screen identified the mismatch repair (MMR) components Pms1, Mlh1, and Msh2 as being required for silencing at this locus. We further found that the identified genes were also required for proper silencing in telomeres. More intriguingly, the MMR mutants caused a redistribution of Sir2 deacetylase, from silent mating type loci and telomeres to rDNA regions. As a consequence, acetylation levels at histone positions H3K14, H3K56, and H4K16 were increased at silent mating type loci and telomeres but were decreased in rDNA regions. Moreover, knockdown of MMR components in human HEK293T cells increased subtelomeric DUX4 gene expression. Our work reveals that MMR components are required for stable inheritance of gene silencing patterns and establishes a link between the MMR machinery and the control of epigenetic silencing. Author summary During aging, gene silencing also decreases and it has been hypothesized that the collapse of epigenetic control networks may in part explain age-related diseases. For example, changes in epigenetic silencing are linked with different stages of tumor formation and progression. Great efforts have been made on investigating the mechanisms of establishment and maintenance silencing at silent mating cassettes in yeast. In this work, by applying a genome-wide silencing screening approach, we identified the conserved subunits of the mismatch repair (MMR) machinery (Pms1, Mlh1 and Msh2) as new components of the epigenetic silencing regulation machinery in yeast. We also found that depletion of mismatch repair subunits (Mlh1 and Msh2) led to impaired telomere-length related expression in mammalian cells. This indicates that these components probably have an evolutionarily conserved role on influencing gene silencing from yeast to humans. Further studies the functional roles of these MMR components on epigenetic silencing in mammalian model systems or relevant cancer patient samples will increase our understanding of MMR-related oncogenesis.
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| 3. |
- Cai, Baoping, et al.
(författare)
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Application of Bayesian Networks in Reliability Evaluation
- 2019
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics. - : IEEE. - 1551-3203 .- 1941-0050. ; 15:4, s. 2146-2157
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Bayesian network (BN) is a powerful model for probabilistic knowledge representation and inference and is increasingly used in the field of reliability evaluation. This paper presents a bibliographic review of BNs that have been proposed for reliability evaluation in the last decades. Studies are classified from the perspective of the objects of reliability evaluation, i.e., hardware, structures, software, and humans. For each classification, the construction and validation of a BN-based reliability model are emphasized. The general procedural steps for BN-based reliability evaluation, including BN structure modeling, BN parameter modeling, BN inference, and model verification and validation, are investigated. Current gaps and challenges in reliability evaluation with BNs are explored, and a few upcoming research directions that are of interest to reliability researchers are identified.
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| 4. |
- Cai, Jing, et al.
(författare)
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Size-segregated particle number and mass concentrations from different emission sources in urban Beijing
- 2020
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Ingår i: Atmospheric Chemistry And Physics. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1680-7316 .- 1680-7324. ; 20:21, s. 12721-12740
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although secondary particulate matter is reported to be the main contributor of PM2.5 during haze in Chinese megacities, primary particle emissions also affect particle concentrations. In order to improve estimates of the contribution of primary sources to the particle number and mass concentrations, we performed source apportionment analyses using both chemical fingerprints and particle size distributions measured at the same site in urban Beijing from April to July 2018. Both methods resolved factors related to primary emissions, including vehicular emissions and cooking emissions, which together make up 76% and 24% of total particle number and organic aerosol (OA) mass, respectively. Similar source types, including particles related to vehicular emissions (1.6 +/- 1.1 mu gm(-3); 2.4 +/- 1.8 x 10(3) cm(-3) and 5.5 +/- 2.8 x 10(3) cm(-3) for two traffic-related components), cooking emissions (2.6 +/- 1.9 mu gm(-3) and 5.5 +/- 3.3 x 10(3) cm(-3)) and secondary aerosols (51 +/- 41 mu gm(-3) and 4.2 +/- 3.0 x 10(3) cm(-3)), were resolved by both methods. Converted mass concentrations from particle size distributions components were comparable with those from chemical fingerprints. Size distribution source apportionment separated vehicular emissions into a component with a mode diameter of 20 nm (traffic-ultrafine) and a component with a mode diameter of 100 nm (traffic-fine). Consistent with similar day- and nighttime diesel vehicle PM2.5 emissions estimated for the Beijing area, traffic-fine particles, hydrocarbon-like OA (HOA, traffic-related factor resulting from source apportionment using chemical fingerprints) and black carbon (BC) showed similar diurnal patterns, with higher concentrations during the night and morning than during the afternoon when the boundary layer is higher. Traffic-ultrafine particles showed the highest concentrations during the rush-hour period, suggesting a prominent role of local gasoline vehicle emissions. In the absence of new particle formation, our re-sults show that vehicular-related emissions (14% and 30% for ultrafine and fine particles, respectively) and cooking-activity-related emissions (32 %) dominate the particle number concentration, while secondary particulate matter (over 80 %) governs PM2.5 mass during the non-heating season in Beijing.
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| 5. |
- Cars, Otto, et al.
(författare)
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Building bridges to operationalise one health : A Sino-Swedish collaboration to tackle antibiotic resistance
- 2016
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Ingår i: One Health. - : Elsevier. - 2352-7714. ; 2, s. 139-143
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Antibiotic resistance is a complex global health challenge. The recent Global Action Plan on antimicrobial resistance highlights the importance of adopting One Health approaches that can cross traditional disciplinary boundaries. We report on the early experiences of a multisectoral Sino-Swedish research project that aims to address gaps in our current knowledge and seeks to improve the situation through system-wide interventions. Our research project is investigating antibiotic use and resistance in a rural area of China through a combination of epidemiological, health systems and laboratory investigations. We reflect here on the challenges inherent in conducting long distance cross-disciplinary collaborations, having now completed data and sample collection for a baseline situation analysis. In particular, we recognise the importance of investing in aspects such as effective communication, shared conceptual frameworks and leadership. We suggest that our experiences will be instructive to others planning to develop similar international One Health collaborations.
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| 6. |
- Chen, Yu, 1990, et al.
(författare)
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Genome-scale modeling for Bacillus coagulans to understand the metabolic characteristics
- 2020
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Ingår i: Biotechnology and Bioengineering. - : Wiley. - 0006-3592 .- 1097-0290. ; 117:11, s. 3545-3558
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lactic acid is widely used in many industries, especially in the production of poly-lactic acid. Bacillus coagulans is a promising lactic acid producer in industrial fermentation due to its thermophilic property. In this study, we developed the first genome-scale metabolic model (GEM) of B. coagulans iBag597, together with an enzyme-constrained model ec-iBag597. We measured strain-specific biomass composition and integrated the data into a biomass equation. Then, we validated iBag597 against experimental data generated in this study, including amino acid requirements and carbon source utilization, showing that simulations were generally consistent with the experimental results. Subsequently, we carried out chemostats to investigate the effects of specific growth rate and culture pH on metabolism of B. coagulans. Meanwhile, we used iBag597 to estimate the intracellular metabolic fluxes for those conditions. The results showed that B. coagulans was capable of generating ATP via multiple pathways, and switched among them in response to various conditions. With ec-iBag597, we estimated the protein cost and protein efficiency for each ATP-producing pathway to investigate the switches. Our models pave the way for systems biology of B. coagulans, and our findings suggest that maintaining a proper growth rate and selecting an optimal pH are beneficial for lactate fermentation.
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| 7. |
- Kato, Norihiro, et al.
(författare)
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Trans-ancestry genome-wide association study identifies 12 genetic loci influencing blood pressure and implicates a role for DNA methylation
- 2015
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 47:11, s. 1282-1293
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We carried out a trans-ancestry genome-wide association and replication study of blood pressure phenotypes among up to 320,251 individuals of East Asian, European and South Asian ancestry. We find genetic variants at 12 new loci to be associated with blood pressure (P = 3.9 × 10−11 to 5.0 × 10−21). The sentinel blood pressure SNPs are enriched for association with DNA methylation at multiple nearby CpG sites, suggesting that, at some of the loci identified, DNA methylation may lie on the regulatory pathway linking sequence variation to blood pressure. The sentinel SNPs at the 12 new loci point to genes involved in vascular smooth muscle (IGFBP3, KCNK3, PDE3A and PRDM6) and renal (ARHGAP24, OSR1, SLC22A7 and TBX2) function. The new and known genetic variants predict increased left ventricular mass, circulating levels of NT-proBNP, and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality (P = 0.04 to 8.6 × 10−6). Our results provide new evidence for the role of DNA methylation in blood pressure regulation.
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| 8. |
- Li, Yonghong, et al.
(författare)
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Microbial profiling identifies potential key drivers in gastric cancer patients
- 2021
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Ingår i: Biotechnology and Biotechnological Equipment. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1310-2818 .- 1314-3530. ; 35:1, s. 496-503
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most commonly diagnosed cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related death in the world. Microbiota is believed to be associated with GC. Growing evidences showed Helicobacter pylori played a key role in GC development. However, little was known about the microbiota in gastric juices and tissues in GC patients, and thus it was difficult to understand other potential microbial causation for GC. Here, we collected the gastric juice and surgically removed gastric tissues from GC patients to give insight into GC microbiota. Most microbes identified in the gastric samples were opportunistic pathogens or resident flora of the human microbiota. Further network analyses identified five opportunistic pathogens as keystone species. H. pylori is the direct cause of GC, but other opportunistic microbes might also function in GC development. The microbiota in the gastric juice and gastric tissue of the GC patients were complex, and some dominant opportunistic pathogens contributed to the GC development. This study introduces microbiota in gastric juice, gastric normal tissue and gastric cancer tissue of GC patients, and highlights the potential keystone microbes functioned during GC development.
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| 9. |
- Li, Yonghong, et al.
(författare)
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Novel strains with superior degrading efficiency for lincomycin manufacturing biowaste
- 2021
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Ingår i: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. - : Elsevier BV. - 1090-2414 .- 0147-6513. ; 209
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As the antibiotic pollution source in the environment, a large amount of biowastes generated from antibiotic fermentation manufacture needs proper disposal. Recycling the biowaste as resources and nutrients is of great interest. Besides, degradation or removal of antibiotics is indispensable for the reclamation of antibiotic manufacturing biowaste. To establish environmentally friendly disposal strategies for lincomycin manufacturing biowaste (LMB), we screened the microbial strains that could efficiently degrade lincomycin from the antibiotic wastewater treatment plant. Among them, three novel strains were identified as Bacillus subtilis (strain LMB-A), Rhodotorula mucilaginosa (strain LMB-D) and Penicillium oxalicum (strain LMB-E), respectively. LMB-A and LMB-D could degrade 92.69% and 74.05% of lincomycin with an initial concentration of 1117.55 mg/L in 144 h, respectively. The lincomycin degradation products were formed by the breakage of amide bond or losing N-demethyl/thiomethyl group from the pyrrolidine/pyranose ringcata cata catalyzed by the strains. Moreover, LMB-A could decontaminate LMB, and the decontaminated LMB could be used as a nitrogen source to culture salt-resistant bacteria and other useful microorganisms. LMB-A and LMB-D have the potential to be used for the bioremediation of water and soil polluted by lincomycin and its analogs. LMB-E could degrade 88.20% LMB after 144-h cultivation. In summary, this study gives an insight into the green disposal of LMB, and the established strategy has potential application for biotreatment of other antibiotic fermentation manufacturing biowastes.
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| 10. |
- Liu, Li, et al.
(författare)
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ERA5-Land overestimates runoff coefficient but underestimates runoff recession rate in the central Tibetan permafrost region
- 2024
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY-REGIONAL STUDIES. - 2214-5818. ; 53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Study region: The source region of Yangtze River (SRYR) Study focus: Better understanding the influence of soil freeze/thaw (F/T) activity on runoff production is vital for cold regions like the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. While global reanalysis products offer full spatial coverage and fine temporal resolution for runoff estimates, their accuracy in depicting runoff dynamics within permafrost-dominated regions remains uncertain. To address this gap, a thorough assessment of the ERA5-Land runoff products within the SRYR was undertaken to determine their effectiveness in representing specific permafrost hydrological mechanisms. New hydrological insights for the region: Our analysis reveals that ERA5-Land adequately captures the intra-annual variability of runoff, but tends to overestimate runoff coefficients while underestimate runoff recession rates. The monthly runoff coefficient fluctuates during the thaw season, showing decreasing trends from May to increasing trends after July. The runoff recession rate generally shifts from acceleration to retardation during the freezing period (October-March), influenced significantly by snow cover and soil F/T dynamics. There's a discernible delay in the observed transition time (0.3 days/a) of runoff recession from 1980 to 2020, closely linked (R>0.35, p<0.05) to soil F/T indices. Notably, the simulated transition time lacks significant trends, and displays contrasting correlations with soil F/T indices. This highlights a critical need for the ERA5-Land model to refine its representation of soil F/T dynamics, particularly snow physics and soil thermal schemes.
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