| 1. |
- Liu, Zhidan, et al.
(författare)
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A novel configuration of microbial fuel cell stack bridged internally through an extra cation exchange membrane.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Biotechnology Letters. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-6776 .- 0141-5492. ; 30, s. 1017-1023
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper reports a novel configuration of stacked microbial fuel cells (MFCs) bridged internally through an extra cation exchange membrane (CEM). The MFC stack (MFC(stack)), assembled from two single MFCs (MFC(single)), resulted in double voltage output and half optimal external resistance. COD removal rate was increased from 32.4% to 54.5%. The performance improvement could be attributed to the smaller internal resistance and enhanced cations transfer. A result from a half cell study further confirmed the important role of the extra CEM. This study also demonstrated MFCs where the anode and cathode were sandwiched between two CEMs possessed significantly high power outputs.
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| 2. |
- Liu, Zhidan, et al.
(författare)
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Microbial fuel cell based biosensor for in situ monitoring of anaerobic digestion process.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Bioresource Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-2976 .- 0960-8524. ; 102, s. 10221-10229
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A wall-jet microbial fuel cell (MFC) was developed for the monitoring of anaerobic digestion (AD). This biofilm based MFC biosensor had a character of being portable, short hydraulic retention time (HRT) for sample flow through and convenient for continuous operation. The MFC was installed in the recirculation loop of an upflow anaerobic fixed-bed (UAFB) reactor in bench-scale where pH of the fermentation broth and biogas flow were monitored in real time. External disturbances to the AD were added on purpose by changing feedstock concentration, as well as process configuration. MFC signals had good correlations with online measurements (i.e. pH, gas flow rate) and offline analysis (i.e. COD) over 6-month operation. These results suggest that the MFC signal can reflect the dynamic variation of AD and can potentially be a valuable tool for monitoring and control of bioprocess.
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| 3. |
- Liu, Zhidan, et al.
(författare)
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Study of operational performance and electrical response on mediator-less microbial fuel cells fed with carbon- and protein-rich substrates
- 2009
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Ingår i: Biochemical Engineering Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 1369-703X. ; 45:3, s. 185-191
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The inducement of electroactive consortia was carried Out in dual-chamber MFCS using acetate-based substrate- and a protein-rich synthetic wastewater in fed-batch mode. The characteristics of these MFCs were then compared. MFCs based on acetate-induced consortia (MFCAce) achieved more than twice higher maximum power, and one half of optimal external resistance in comparison to MFCs based on consortia (MFCPro) induced by a protein-rich wastewater. Furthermore, these MFCs exhibited various electrical responses even identical Substrate being applied. MFCAce preferred carbon-neutral substrates. whereas MFCPro exhibited better performance on nitrogen rich feedstock. In particular, for glucose-glutamic acid solution with gradually decreased glucose/glutamic acid ratio, MFCPro exhibited increasing electrical responses than MFCAce. These results suggest that it is possible to optimize the behavior and characteristics of MFC through proper selection of feeding substrate. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 4. |
- Chen, Guanying, et al.
(författare)
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Near vacuum ultraviolet luminescence of Gd3+ and Er3+ ions generated by super saturation upconversion processes
- 2009
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Ingår i: Optics Express. - 1094-4087. ; 17:19, s. 16366-16371
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Near vacuum ultraviolet (UV) upconversion (UC) emissions with a spectral resolution of 1 nm, from the (6)G(J), D-6(J), I-6(J), P-6(J) levels of Gd3+ and the L-2(17/2), D-4(7/2), H-2(2)(9/2), D-2(5/2), (4)G(7/2), K-2(13/2), P-2(3/2) levels of Er3+, were observed under 974 nm laser excitation. Mechanism analyses illustrate that successive energy transfers (ETs) from Yb3+ to Er3+ generate UV UC radiations in Er3+, while two resonant ETs from Er3+ to Gd3+ lead to UV UC radiations in Gd3+. Power dependence analyses indicate that the expected inefficient four- and five-photon processes have been switched into efficient two-photon processes due to a super saturation UC phenomenon that employs consecutive saturations at the intermediate states. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America
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| 5. |
- Fan, Qunping, 1989, et al.
(författare)
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A Non-Conjugated Polymer Acceptor for Efficient and Thermally Stable All-Polymer Solar Cells
- 2020
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Ingår i: Angewandte Chemie - International Edition. - : Wiley. - 1433-7851 .- 1521-3773. ; 59:45, s. 19835-19840
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A non-conjugated polymer acceptor PF1-TS4 was firstly synthesized by embedding a thioalkyl segment in the mainchain, which shows excellent photophysical properties on par with a fully conjugated polymer, with a low optical band gap of 1.58 eV and a high absorption coefficient >105 cm−1, a high LUMO level of −3.89 eV, and suitable crystallinity. Matched with the polymer donor PM6, the PF1-TS4-based all-PSC achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.63 %, which is ≈45 % higher than that of a device based on the small molecule acceptor counterpart IDIC16. Moreover, the PF1-TS4-based all-PSC has good thermal stability with ≈70 % of its initial PCE retained after being stored at 85 °C for 180 h, while the IDIC16-based device only retained ≈50 % of its initial PCE when stored at 85 °C for only 18 h. Our work provides a new strategy to develop efficient polymer acceptor materials by linkage of conjugated units with non-conjugated thioalkyl segments.
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| 6. |
- Ghalwash, Mohamed, et al.
(författare)
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Islet autoantibody screening in at-risk adolescents to predict type 1 diabetes until young adulthood : a prospective cohort study
- 2023
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Ingår i: The Lancet Child and Adolescent Health. - 2352-4642. ; 7:4, s. 261-268
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Screening for islet autoantibodies in children and adolescents identifies individuals who will later develop type 1 diabetes, allowing patient and family education to prevent diabetic ketoacidosis at onset and to enable consideration of preventive therapies. We aimed to assess whether islet autoantibody screening is effective for predicting type 1 diabetes in adolescents aged 10−18 years with an increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes. Methods: Data were harmonised from prospective studies from Finland (the Diabetes Prediction and Prevention study), Germany (the BABYDIAB study), and the USA (Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young and the Diabetes Evaluation in Washington study). Autoantibodies against insulin, glutamic acid decarboxylase, and insulinoma-associated protein 2 were measured at each follow-up visit. Children who were lost to follow-up or diagnosed with type 1 diabetes before 10 years of age were excluded. Inverse probability censoring weighting was used to include data from remaining participants. Sensitivity and the positive predictive value of these autoantibodies, tested at one or two ages, to predict type 1 diabetes by the age of 18 years were the main outcomes. Findings: Of 20 303 children with an increased type 1 diabetes risk, 8682 were included for the analysis with inverse probability censoring weighting. 1890 were followed up to 18 years of age or developed type 1 diabetes between the ages of 10 years and 18 years, and their median follow-up was 18·3 years (IQR 14·5–20·3). 442 (23·4%) of 1890 adolescents were positive for at least one islet autoantibody, and 262 (13·9%) developed type 1 diabetes. Time from seroconversion to diabetes diagnosis increased by 0·64 years (95% CI 0·34–0·95) for each 1-year increment of diagnosis age (Pearson's correlation coefficient 0·88, 95% CI 0·50–0·97, p=0·0020). The median interval between the last prediagnostic sample and diagnosis was 0·3 years (IQR 0·1–1·3) in the 227 participants who were autoantibody positive and 6·8 years (1·6–9·9) for the 35 who were autoantibody negative. Single screening at the age of 10 years was 90% (95% CI 86–95) sensitive, with a positive predictive value of 66% (60–72) for clinical diabetes. Screening at two ages (10 years and 14 years) increased sensitivity to 93% (95% CI 89–97) but lowered the positive predictive value to 55% (49–60). Interpretation: Screening of adolescents at risk for type 1 diabetes only once at 10 years of age for islet autoantibodies was highly effective to detect type 1 diabetes by the age of 18 years, which in turn could enable prevention of diabetic ketoacidosis and participation in secondary prevention trials. Funding: JDRF International.
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| 7. |
- Liu, Dan, et al.
(författare)
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One-step separation and purification of hydrolysable tannins from Geranium wilfordii Maxim by adsorption chromatography on cross-linked 12% agarose gel
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Separation Science. - : Wiley. - 1615-9306 .- 1615-9314. ; 34:9, s. 995-998
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The hydrolysable tannins corilagin and geraniin, the major active components of the traditional Chinese medicine Geranium wilfordii Maxim, have been separated and purified from crude extracts in one step by adsorption chromatography on cross-linked 12% agarose gel (Superose 12 10/300 GL). The separation was achieved by gradient elution using mobile phase A composed of 5% ethanol and 5% acetic acid and mobile phase B composed of 30% ethanol and 30% acetic acid. The gradients were composed as follows: 0-240 mL, 0-25% B; 240-480 mL, 25-40% B; after 480 mL, 100% B. The purities of the collected corilagin and geraniin were 92.4 and 87.2%, and the corresponding yields were 88.0 and 76.8%, respectively.
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| 8. |
- Liu, Zhanju, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic architecture of the inflammatory bowel diseases across East Asian and European ancestries
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Nature Portfolio. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 55:5, s. 796-806
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic disorders of the gastrointestinal tract with the following two subtypes: Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). To date, most IBD genetic associations were derived from individuals of European (EUR) ancestries. Here we report the largest IBD study of individuals of East Asian (EAS) ancestries, including 14,393 cases and 15,456 controls. We found 80 IBD loci in EAS alone and 320 when meta-analyzed with similar to 370,000 EUR individuals (similar to 30,000 cases), among which 81 are new. EAS-enriched coding variants implicate many new IBD genes, including ADAP1 and GIT2. Although IBD genetic effects are generally consistent across ancestries, genetics underlying CD appears more ancestry dependent than UC, driven by allele frequency (NOD2) and effect (TNFSF15). We extended the IBD polygenic risk score (PRS) by incorporating both ancestries, greatly improving its accuracy and highlighting the importance of diversity for the equitable deployment of PRS. Genome-wide association analyses across individuals of East Asian and European ancestries identify new risk loci for inflammatory bowel diseases. A polygenic risk score derived from the combined datasets shows improved prediction accuracy.
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| 9. |
- Meng, Yuan, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of land use type and urbanization level on the distribution of pharmaceuticals and personal care products and risk assessment in Beiyun River, China
- 2021
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Ingår i: Chemosphere. - : Pergamon Press. - 0045-6535 .- 1879-1298. ; 287:Pt 1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Influence of land use type and urbanization level on the distribution of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) from the developed regions of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei in the northern China was evaluated. The seasonal and spatial variations of the 22 target PPCPs were analyzed in the 63 sampling sites along the whole Beiyun River Basin. Results showed that the total PPCPs concentration had a wide variation range, from 132 ng L-1 to 25474 ng L-1. Spatial interpolation analysis showed that agricultural land presented higher PPCPs contamination level than build-up land (p < 0.05) and the concentration was negatively correlated with urbanization level. Source apportionment showed the untreated sewage source contributed to 34%-53% of the PPCPs burden in the Beiyun River. Risk assessment indicated that diethyltoluamide, carbamazepine, octocrylene, gemfibrozil and triclocarban had high risks (RQ > 1), and small tributaries had the highest mixed risk (MRQ = 34). Species sensitivity distribution combined with the safety threshold method showed that PPCPs would have potential risk on aquatic organisms even at very low concentrations and triclocarban posed the highest risk in the Beiyun River.
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| 10. |
- Muhammed, Alemu Jorgi, et al.
(författare)
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Resource Allocation for Energy-Efficient NOMA System in Coordinated Multi-Point Networks
- 2021
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0018-9545 .- 1939-9359. ; 70:2, s. 1577-1591
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper studies user scheduling and power allocation problem to maximize the energy efficiency (EE) for non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) in downlink Coordinated Multi-Point networks. In the proposed framework, a more practical scenario the imperfect channel state information, imperfect successive interference cancellation and data outage are investigated. To address the considered problem, the optimization problem is formulated constrained by the total power and the outage probability requirements. However, the EE objective function is with a non-convex structure. Accordingly, we first convert the optimization problem to make the objective function concave and analytically tractable. Furthermore, we split the joint optimization problem to find a suboptimal solutions to the original problem. As a result, we first propose a suboptimal user-scheduling algorithm to improve the system's EE. Due to the non-convex function of the transmit power, we invoke a sequential successive convex approach to address the non-convex problem by its lower bound concave function. Besides, the fractional objective function is converted to its equivalent subtractive form. Finally, we derive a power control scheme to address the proposed framework. Simulation results endorse the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm and their performance gains in terms of EE compared to both NOMA and OFDMA variants.
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