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- Woods, P. J., et al.
(författare)
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A review of adaptation options in fisheries management to support resilience and transition under socio-ecological change
- 2022
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Ingår i: ICES Journal of Marine Science. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1054-3139 .- 1095-9289. ; 79:2, s. 463-479
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Social-ecological systems dependent on fisheries must be resilient or adapt to remain viable in the face of change. Here, we identified possible interventions (termed “adaptation options”) from published literature, aimed at supporting social or ecological resilience and/or aiding adaptation to changes induced by environmental or social stressors. Our searches centered on nations/regions across North America, Europe, and the South Pacific, encompassing fisheries literature with and without a climate change focus, to compare how, when, and by whom interventions are currently or potentially implemented. We expected that adaptation options within a climate change context would have a greater focus on enhancing social resilience due to a connection with climate change adaptation assessment methodology. Instead, we found a greater focus on ecological resilience, likely indicating a focus on management adaptation. This pattern, along with the more extensive use of social adaptation options responsively and outside the context of climate change, along with an importance in bottom-up influences in implementing them, suggests a general lack of centralized planning and organization with regards to adaptation of stakeholders. Determining how adaptation options are created, chosen, and implemented is a crucial step within or external to ecosystem-based management, especially if planned stakeholder adaption is the goal.
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| 4. |
- Parker, H., et al.
(författare)
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Genomic disruption of the histone methyltransferase SETD2 in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
- 2016
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Ingår i: Leukemia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0887-6924 .- 1476-5551. ; 30:11, s. 2179-2186
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Histone methyltransferases (HMTs) are important epigenetic regulators of gene transcription and are disrupted at the genomic level in a spectrum of human tumours including haematological malignancies. Using high-resolution single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays, we identified recurrent deletions of the SETD2 locus in 3% (8/261) of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) patients. Further validation in two independent cohorts showed that SETD2 deletions were associated with loss of TP53, genomic complexity and chromothripsis. With next-generation sequencing we detected mutations of SETD2 in an additional 3.8% of patients (23/602). In most cases, SETD2 deletions or mutations were often observed as a clonal event and always as a mono-allelic lesion, leading to reduced mRNA expression in SETD2-disrupted cases. Patients with SETD2 abnormalities and wild-type TP53 and ATM from five clinical trials employing chemotherapy or chemo-immunotherapy had reduced progression-free and overall survival compared with cases wild type for all three genes. Consistent with its postulated role as a tumour suppressor, our data highlight SETD2 aberration as a recurrent, early loss-of-function event in CLL pathobiology linked to aggressive disease.
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| 9. |
- Lindberg, Fredrik, 1962-
(författare)
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Carbon Dioxide Pneumoperitoneum - Hemodynamic Consequences and Thromboembolic Complications
- 2002
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The laparoscopic way of performing general surgical procedures was introduced all over the Western world in a few years around 1990. No previous scientific studies of the safety of this new way of performing general surgery had been undertaken.In an animal study, it was shown that carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum (CO2PP) causes an increase in inferior caval vein (ICV) pressure, although there were no effects on the ICV blood flow. There were gradual increases in systemic, pulmonary and ICV vascular resistance, which remained after exsufflation. These effects on vascular resistance could not be reproduced in a second animal study, presumably due to a different form of anesthesia. In this study, there was only indirect evidence of CO2 PP decreasing urine output. No increase in vasopressin, which is commonly seen during CO2 PP, was found, indicating that vasopressin may play a role in the decreased urine output during CO2 PP but that there must be other contributing factors as well. Only brief effects on the renal arterial blood flow were seen.Renal venous pressure increased to that of the ICV.A literature review indicated that thromboembolic complications do occur after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). The relative frequencies indicated an underreporting of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in relation to pulmonary embolism (PE).In a clinical study, activation of the coagulation after LC was demonstrated. There were differences between the groups receiving dextran and low molecular weight heparin as prophylaxis. A further clinical study showed the incidence of DVT, as demonstrated by phlebography, to be 2.0 % (95 % confidence interval 0-6.0 %) 7-11 days after LC, even though thromboembolism prophylaxis was given in shorter courses than those scientifically proven to be effective against DVT. D-dimer values increased at the first postoperative day and even further at the time of phlebography, suggesting that the effects of LC on coagulation and/or fibrinolysis may be of longer duration than previously known.
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| 10. |
- Ljungström, K-G., et al.
(författare)
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Time-trends in vascular access surgery in Sweden 1987-2006
- 2008
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Ingår i: European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 1078-5884 .- 1532-2165. ; 36:5, s. 592-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To study time-trends in vascular access surgery. DESIGN: Prospectively registered data. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The Swedish vascular registry (Swedvasc) was searched for haemodialysis access operations (HAO) 1987-2006. RESULTS: 12,342 open and endovascular operations were identified. Eighty-five percent of HAO 2004-2006 were reported to the registry. The median age of patients having their first HAO increased from 56 to 68 during the first decade (p<0.0001), then remained stable. The frequency of diabetes increased from 12% in 1987 to 32% in 2006 (p<0.0001). The percentage of first HAO of total workload decreased from 76% to 48%. The percentage of first HAO performed as vein fistulas remained unchanged. The number of patients recorded for ten or more previous HAO increased over time. Percutaneous angioplasties increased during the last decade. Of 4706 patients operated on with primary radiocephalic AV-fistulas, 2933 (62%) were operated only once. Analysis of 3739 subsequent operations in 1773 patients disclosed that at the tenth operation vein was still used in 54%. With an increasing number of operations, arterial inflow shifted towards a more proximal position. CONCLUSIONS: Over time, the patients undergoing HAO became older and more often diabetic, reoperations increased. Despite these circumstances, vascular surgeons perform AV-fistulas without grafts in most patients.
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