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- Kemmer, D., et al.
(författare)
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Exploring the foundation of genomics : a Northern blot reference set for the comparative analysis of transcript profiling technologies
- 2004
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Ingår i: Comparative and functional genomics. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1531-6912 .- 1532-6268. ; 5:8, s. 584-595
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we aim to create a reference data collection of Northern blot results and demonstrate how such a collection can enable a quantitative comparison of modern expression profiling techniques, a central component of functional genomics studies. Historic ally, Northern blots were the de facto standard for determining RNA transcript levels. However, driven by the demand for analysis of large sets of genes in parallel, high-throughput methods, such as microarrays, dominate modern profiling efforts. To facilitate assessment of these methods, in comparison to Northern blots, we created a database of published Northern results obtained with a standardized commercial multiple tissue blot (dbMTN). In order to demonstrate the utility of the dbMTN collection for technology comparison, we also generated expression profiles for genes across a set of human tissues, using multiple profiling techniques. No method produced profiles that were strongly correlated with the Northern blot data. The highest correlations to the Northern blot data were determined with microarrays for the subset of genes observed to be specifically expressed in a single tissue in the Northern analyses. The database and expression profiling data are available via the project website (http://www.cisreg.ca). We believe that emphasis on multitechnique validation of expression profiles is justified, as the correlation results between platforms are not encouraging on the whole. Supplementary material for this article can be found at: http://www.interscience.wiley.com/jpages/1531-6912/suppmat
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| 7. |
- Andersson, M, et al.
(författare)
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Preparation of nanosize anatase and rutile TiO2 by hydrothermal treatment of microemulsions and their activity for photocatalytic wet oxidation of phenol
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Physical Chemistry B. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-6106 .- 1520-5207. ; 106:41, s. 10674-10679
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles of both anatase and rutile phases were synthesized by hydrothermal treatment of microemulsions, and their photocatalytic activity for wet oxidation of phenol was studied. The only difference between the two syntheses used was that different acids were added to the microemulsions, making direct comparison of the catalytic activity of the two polymorphs possible. If hydrochloric acid was used, the rutile structure formed, and if nitric acid was used, anatase formed. The phase stability of the microemulsion was studied and according to conductivity and turbidity measurements the idea of a direct template effect could be discarded during the hydrothermal treatment. However, an initial size-templating phenomenon is possible during the mixing step. The particles, which were in the size range of a few nanometers were characterized with N-2-adsorption; XRD, SEM, and XPS. The activity of the two polymorphs for the photocatalytic oxidation of phenol in water was examined. It was shown that the rutile phase initially decomposed phenol much faster and follows a first-order process reasonably well (k = 4 x 10(-5) s(-1)). The photodecomposition process using the anatase phase led, however, to a much more rapid overall degradation following an initial slower rate of phenol oxidation. The results indicate that the observed difference of the photodecomposition process for the two TiO2 phases is due to the formation of different intermediates.
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- Cunningham, G. D., et al.
(författare)
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Degrees of change: between and within population variation in thermal reaction norms of phenology in a viviparous lizard
- 2020
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Ingår i: Ecology. - : Wiley. - 0012-9658 .- 1939-9170. ; 101:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As the earth warms, populations will be faced with novel environments to which they may not be adapted. In the short term, populations can be buffered against the negative effects, or maximize the beneficial effects, of such environmental change via phenotypic plasticity and, in the longer term, via adaptive evolution. However, the extent and direction of these population-level responses will be dependent on the degree to which responses vary among the individuals within them (i.e., within population variation in plasticity), which is, itself, likely to vary among populations. Despite this, we have estimates of among-individual variation in plastic responses across multiple populations for only a few systems. This lack of data limits our ability to predict the consequences of environmental change for population and species persistence accurately. Here, we utilized a 16-yr data set from climatically distinct populations of the viviparous skinkNiveoscincus ocellatustracking over 1,200 litters from more than 600 females from each population to examine inter- and intrapopulation variability in the response of parturition date to environmental temperature. We found that these populations share a common population-mean reaction norm but differ in the degree to which reaction norms vary among individuals. These results suggest that even where populations share a common mean-level response, we cannot assume that they will be affected similarly by altered environmental conditions. If we are to assess how changing climates will impact species and populations accurately, we require estimates of how plastic responses vary both among and within populations.
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- Ljungstrom, L., et al.
(författare)
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Clinical evaluation of commercial nucleic acid amplification tests in patients with suspected sepsis
- 2015
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Ingår i: Bmc Infectious Diseases. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2334. ; 15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Sepsis is a serious medical condition requiring timely administered, appropriate antibiotic therapy. Blood culture is regarded as the gold standard for aetiological diagnosis of sepsis, but it suffers from low sensitivity and long turnaround time. Thus, nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) have emerged to shorten the time to identification of causative microbes. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical utility in everyday practice in the emergency department of two commercial NAATs in patients suspected with sepsis. Methods: During a six-week period, blood samples were collected consecutively from all adult patients admitted to the general emergency department for suspicion of a community-onset sepsis and treated with intravenous antibiotics. Along with conventional blood cultures, multiplex PCR (Magicplex (TM)) was performed on whole blood specimens whereas portions from blood culture bottles were used for analysis by microarray-based assay (Prove-it (TM)). The aetiological significance of identified organisms was determined by two infectious disease physicians based on clinical presentation and expected pathogenicity. Results: Among 382 episodes of suspected sepsis, clinically relevant microbes were detected by blood culture in 42 episodes (11%), by multiplex PCR in 37 episodes (9.7%), and by microarray in 32 episodes (8.4%). Although moderate agreement with blood culture (kappa 0.50), the multiplex PCR added diagnostic value by timely detection of 15 clinically relevant findings in blood culture-negative specimens. Results of the microarray corresponded very well to those of blood culture (kappa 0.90), but were available just marginally prior to blood culture results. Conclusions: The use of NAATs on whole blood specimens in adjunct to current culture-based methods provides a clinical add-on value by allowing for detection of organisms missed by blood culture. However, the aetiological significance of findings detected by NAATs should be interpreted with caution as the high analytical sensitivity may add findings that do not necessarily corroborate with the clinical diagnosis.
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