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| 2. |
- Witzgall, P., et al.
(författare)
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Potential of a blend of E8,E10-120H and E8,E10-12Ac for mating disruption of codling moth, Cydia pomonella L (Lep, Tortricidae)
- 1996
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Ingår i: Journal of applied entomology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0931-2048 .- 1439-0418. ; 120:1-5, s. 611-614
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dispensers of E8,E10-12OH (codlemone), E8,E10-12Ac (codlemone acetate), or both dispenser types were placed on the corners of 100 m(2) and 300 m(2) plots within apple orchards. Communication disruption of male codling moths, Cydia pomonella, was monitored with pheromone traps in the centres of these plots. In the 300 m(2) plots, trap catch was reduced only by codlemone. In the 100 m(2) plots, trap catch was reduced in all three treatments, fewest males were caught in plots treated with both codlemone and codlemone acetate. Males were attracted to codlemone dispensers, they were also flying actively around the tree crowns, well above the dispensers. This behaviour was not observed in treatments with codlemone acetate, where male orientation flights were directed only towards the trap in the plot centre. The antagonistic effect of each of the four geometric isomers of codlemone acetate was shown by another trap test. Addition of 20% E,E-; E,Z-; Z,E- or Z8,Z10-12Ac decreased male attraction to traps baited with E8, E10-12OH.
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| 4. |
- Lundgren, Pia, 1967, et al.
(författare)
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The Specificity of the WINROP Algorithm Can Be Significantly Increased by Reassessment of the WINROP Alarm
- 2015
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Ingår i: Neonatology. - : S. Karger AG. - 1661-7800 .- 1661-7819. ; 108:2, s. 152-156
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a sight-threatening disease affecting extremely preterm infants. The introduction of new ROP screening surveillance systems, with higher sensitivity and specificity than established ROP screening guidelines, has the potential to reduce the number of stressful eye examinations in these infants. Objectives: To improve the specificity of the WINROP (Weight, Insulin-like growth factor-I, Neonatal, ROP) surveillance system, identifying extremely preterm infants requiring treatment for ROP. Methods: Two cohorts that had previously been subjected to WINROP analyses were included and reevaluated in this study. The weight at WINROP alarm for extremely preterm infants, born at gestational age <27 weeks, was reevaluated and by establishing 'safe' WINROP alarm weight limits, an intersample reassessment of WINROP alarm was performed. The two cohorts were as follows: (1) the Extremely Preterm Infants in Sweden Study (EXPRESS) cohort, infants born in Sweden during 2004-2007 (n = 407), and (2) extremely preterm infants in a North American co-hort, born during 2006-2009 (n = 566). Results: In the EXPRESS cohort, 12.5% (40/319) of the infants who previously received a WINROP alarm were now reassessed as having no alarm; the specificity of WINROP in EXPRESS increased from 23.9% (86/360) to 35.0% (126/360). In the North American cohort, 15.4% (81/526) were reassessed as having no alarm; the specificity increased from 8.5% (38/447) to 26.6% (119/447). The sensitivity persisted as 97.5% in EXPRESS (45/47) and 98.3% (117/119) in the North American cohort. Conclusions: The specificity of the WINROP surveillance system for extremely preterm infants can be significantly improved by reassessment using the weight at WINROP alarm. (c) 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel
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| 6. |
- Bengtsson, M., et al.
(författare)
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Plant odor analysis of apple : Antennal response of codling moth females to apple volatiles during phenological development
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0021-8561 .- 1520-5118. ; 49:8, s. 3736-3741
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Volatile compounds were collected from apple branches (Malus domestica) at different developmental stages, and the antennal response of codling moth females (Cydia pomonella) to these compounds was recorded by electroantennography coupled to gas chromatography. Presence of a range of terpenoid compounds, many of which had antennal activity, was characteristic for volatile collections from branches with leaves, and from small green apples. Nine compounds from branches with leaves and green fruit consistently elicited an antennal response: methyl salicylate, (E)-beta -farnesene, fi-caryophyllene, 4,8-dimethyl-1,3(E),7-nonatriene, (Z)3-hexenol, (Z,E)-alpha -farnesene, linalool, germacrene D, and (EE)-alpha -farnesene. The bouquet emitted from flowering branches contained in addition several benzenoid compounds which were not found after bloom. Small green apples, which are the main target of codling moth oviposition during the first seasonal flight period, released very few esters. In comparison, fully grown apples released a large number of esters, but fewer terpenoids. The study of apple volatiles eliciting an antennal response, together with a survey of the seasonal change in the release of these compounds, is the first step toward the identification of volatiles mediating host-finding and oviposition in codling moth females.
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| 7. |
- El-Sayed, A., et al.
(författare)
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Effect of codlemone isomers on codling moth (Lepidoptera : Tortricidae) male attraction
- 1998
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Ingår i: Environmental Entomology. - : Oxford University Press. - 0046-225X .- 1938-2936. ; 27:5, s. 1250-1254
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We studied the effect of codlemone geometric isomers (E,Z)-, (Z,E)-, and (Z,Z)-8,10-dodecadienol on sex attraction of male codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), in the field and in a wind tunnel. The use of an ultrasound evaporator made it possible to apply known rates of compound at defined isomeric purity. In the wind tunnel, 5, 20, and 100% addition of Z,E isomer to (E,E) -8,10-dodecadienol (codlemone) slightly increased male night response. However, field captures with these blends were not significantly different from codlemone alone. A 20 and 100% addition of E,Z isomer decreased male landings on the odor source in the wind tunnel and trap captures in the field; Z,Z had an antagonistic effect at 100%. The equilibrium isomer blend (100% EB; 26% E,Z; 20% Z,E; 5% Z,Z) strongly reduced male attraction. The behavioral effect of isomerization of codlemone in dispenser materials used for mating disruption has to be taken into consideration.
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| 8. |
- Hellstrom, A., et al.
(författare)
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New insights into the development of retinopathy of prematurity - importance of early weight gain
- 2010
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Ingår i: Acta Pædiatrica. - : Wiley. - 1651-2227 .- 0803-5253. ; 99:4, s. 502-508
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Evidence is accumulating that one of the strongest predictors of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), in addition to low gestational age, is poor weight gain during the first weeks of life. In infants born preterm, the retina is not fully vascularised. The more premature the child, the larger is the avascular area. In response to hypoxia, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is secreted. For appropriate VEGF-induced vessel growth, sufficient levels of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) in serum are necessary. IGF-I is a peptide, related to nutrition supply, which is essential for both pre- and post-natal general growth as well as for growth of the retinal vasculature. In prematurely born infants, serum levels are closely related to gestational age and are lower in more prematurely born infants. At preterm birth the placental supply of nutrients is lost, growth factors are suddenly reduced and general as well as vascular growth slows down or ceases. In addition, the relative hyperoxia of the extra-uterine milieu, together with supplemental oxygen, causes a regression of already developed retinal vessels. Postnatal growth retardation is a major problem in very preterm infants. Both poor early weight gain and low serum levels of IGF-I during the first weeks/months of life have been found to be correlated with severity of ROP. Conclusion: This review will focus on the mechanisms leading to ROP by exploring factors responsible for poor early weight gain and abnormal vascularisation of the eye of the preterm infant.
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