| 1. |
- Fearnley, Nils, et al.
(författare)
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Best practices and recommendations on policy packaging
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report, which is the final deliverable of the Optic project (Optimal Policies for Transport In Combination), summarises two years of collaborative research into the policy process of combining individual measures into policy packages.Six stages of the policy process are identified. This report gives practical and general advice for each of these stages:Define objectives and targetsCreate an inventory of measures, identify potential primary measures and detect causal relationshipsAssess policy packageModify packagePackage implementationEvaluate effects, introduce remedial actionsIn addition, this report explores in further detail indicators and tools for the assessment of policy packages; the management of barriers; and issues of transferability.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Hansson, Lisa, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Contracting accountability in network governance structures
- 2014
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Ingår i: Qualitative Research in Accounting & Management/Emerald. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1176-6093 .- 1758-7654. ; 11:2, s. 92-110
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to illustrate how accountability is expressed in contractual arrangements found in network governance structures that provide public transport services and to raise discussion of how to understand contracting accountability in network governance contexts. Design/methodology/approach - The paper is rooted in two research traditions: contracting studies and studies of accountability in government/governance contexts. Content analysis is used in examining contracts from two cases. These contracts are of five types: contracts between public organizations, contracts within a public organization, contracts between public organizations and private firms, and contracts between political parties within a municipality and contracts within a network. Various contracting approaches are identified within these types. Findings - The paper concludes that the contractsà functions differ between the cases. The first case did not have an overall contract that defined the network, relying on different two-party contracts instead. In the other case, an incentive-based contract was used to link the organizations. From an accountability perspective, the latter contracting structure clarifies the roles and responsibilities of the actors and increases the possibility of accountability to citizens. Originality/value - The paper brings new insights to the field of contracting and accountability by focusing on the role of contracts in network governance structures, taking account of various accountability relationships. It also contributes new theoretical categories usable when analysing contracting accountability in a network context.
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| 5. |
- Hedegaard Sørensen, Claus, et al.
(författare)
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Increased coordination in public transport : which mechanisms are available?
- 2011
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Ingår i: Transport Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0967-070X .- 1879-310X. ; 18:1, s. 117-125
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- After several years of New Public Management reforms within public transport, coordination seems to receive increased attention. With examples of actual as well as suggested changes taken from Denmark, Sweden and the UK the aim of the article is to analyse and classify the mechanisms utilized and suggested to increase coordination between core stakeholders within passenger railway services and bus services. Four distinctive mechanisms of coordination are suggested, namely organisational coordination, contractual coordination, partnership coordination and discursive coordination. Each coordination mechanism has its strengths and failures. The article also debates to what extent the mechanisms conflict with three core characteristics of New Public Management: Unbundling of the public sector into corporatized units; more contract-based competitive provision; and greater emphasis on output controls.
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| 6. |
- Hedegaard Sørensen, Claus, et al.
(författare)
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Koordinering i transportsektoren : svinger pendulet tilbage?
- 2007
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Ingår i: Selected Proceedings from the Annual Transport Conference at Aalborg University. - : Aalborg University Open Publishing.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Efter mange år med New Public Management reformer kan der idag i transportsektoren iagttages en tendens til at koordinering tillægges mere vægt. Formålet med paperet er at analysere, hvordan den nye tendens med vægt på koordinering ser ud. Det sker ved at analysere to cases indenfor den kollektive trafik, hhv. lokal bustrafik og jernbane. Eksemplerne indenfor de to cases er primært fra Skandinavien og Storbritannien. På baggrund af casene udledes tre forskellige modeller for koordinering: a) organisatorisk koordinering, b) kontraktbaseret koordinering og c) kulturel koordinering. Koordineringsformerne kan supplere hinanden. Det drøftes endvidere i hvilket omfang og hvordan modellerne for koordinering strider mod tre vigtige kendetegn ved New Public Management: gennemsigtighed, konkurrence og opsplitning.
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| 7. |
- Hrelja, Robert, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Innovations for sustainable public transport : Experiences and challenges in the Scandinavian countries
- 2013
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of the project has been to analyse institutional and planning conditions for public transport in the Scandinavian countries from a comparative perspective, looking at the county of Skåne (Sweden) and the municipalities of Aarhus (Denmark) and Trondheim (Norway). The report considers qualitative case studies of public transport in Skåne, Aarhus, and Trondheim, and uses an empirical material consisting of written material and interviews. It concludes that: (i) new forms of coordination between organizations and policy areas are called for in a number of critical areas, if public transport is to contribute effectively to the development of an efficient and sustainable transport system (for example, forms for the coordination of public transport, land use, and infrastructure planning); (ii) public transport must not be seen as an end in itself, or as merely a technical transport system; (iii) the successful pursuit of public-transport innovations relies upon complex, interwoven stories and arguments that persuade diverse actors and organizations to collaborate and act on their shared meanings; and (iiii) there is a need to challenge the planning myths used to mobilize support for land-use and traffic system developments that undermine the long-term competitiveness of public transport.
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| 8. |
- Kessler, Florian, et al.
(författare)
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Best Practice in Policy Package Design
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This deliverable focuses on the identification and analysis of best practice examples of policy package design. For this purpose a methodology is developed that allows the systematic analysis of both national and EU policy packages. Eight packages were selected and analysed, highlighting the factors which supported the design and implementation process in each case. The results of the analysis show which factors led to these cases to be considered best practice. In addition, factors are identified which are not yet part of the generic policy packaging framework presented in earlier OPTIC Deliverables. The consideration of these factors will help to further improve the framework in the subsequent work packages.
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| 9. |
- Longva, Frode, et al.
(författare)
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Målrettet bruk av konkurranseutsetting av persontransporttjenester : Dokumentasjonsrapport
- 2005
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denne rapporten er en del av prosjektet ”Målrettet bruk av konkurranseutsetting av persontransport”, som tar for seg hvilke erfaringer en har med ulike former for konkurranseutsetting innen ulike sektorer av samferdselssektoren (lokal person-transport, jernbane og fly) – og relevansen av disse erfaringene for norsk samferdselspolitikk.Denne rapporten er en ren dokumentasjonsrapport, en underlagsrapport for synteserapporten (787/2005), der lesere vil finne både begrepsavklaring og sammenfatning av erfaringene.
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| 10. |
- Longva, Frode, et al.
(författare)
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Målrettet bruk av konkurranseutsetting av persontransporttjenester innen lokal kollektivtransport, jernbane og luftfart. : Synteserapport
- 2005
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Rapporten sammenfatter dokumentasjonen av effekter og erfaringer med ulike former for konkurranseutsetting av persontransporttenester i ulike land innen tre ulike sektorer: Lokal kollektivtransport, jernbane og luftfart. En generell konklusjon er at konkurranseutsetting fører til økt kostnadseffektivitet. Effektene på markedseffektiviten i form av bedret tilbud varierer.Denne variasjonen er knyttet både til politiske myndigheters bruk av besparelsene og til utforming av kontrakter. De samfunnsøkonomiske effektene av konkurranseutsetting er i liten grad dokumentert. Det er ikke grunnlag for å konkludere med at noen form for konkurransutsetting er de andre overlegne i alle tilfeller - og valg av form for konkurranseutsetting reflekterer gjerne de sektor- og nasjonsspesifikke omgivelsene. Denne variasjonen til tross, søker en avslutningsvis i rapporten å gi noen tommelfingerregler for valg av konkurranseutsetting på det området der dette er særlig aktuelt i Norge i dag; lokal kollektivtransport.
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