| 1. |
- Albert, Frank W., et al.
(författare)
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Genetic architecture of tameness in a rat model of animal domestication
- 2009
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Ingår i: Genetics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0016-6731 .- 1943-2631. ; 182:2, s. 541-554
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A common feature of domestic animals is tameness - i.e., they tolerate and are unafraid of human presence and handling. To gain insight into the genetic basis of tameness and aggression, we studied an intercross between two lines of rats (Rattus norvegicus) selected over >60 generations for increased tameness and increased aggression against humans, respectively. We measured 45 traits, including tameness and aggression, anxiety-related traits, organ weights, and levels of serum components in >700 rats from an intercross population. Using 201 genetic markers, we identified two significant quantitative trait loci (QTL) for tameness. These loci overlap with QTL for adrenal gland weight and for anxiety-related traits and are part of a five-locus epistatic network influencing tameness. An additional QTL influences the occurrence of white coat spots, but shows no significant effect on tameness. The loci described here are important starting points for finding the genes that cause tameness in these rats and potentially in domestic animals in general.
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| 2. |
- Ask, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Proposed Drilling into Postglacial Faults : The Pärvie Fault System
- 2021
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Ingår i: Glacially-Triggered Faulting. - Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. - 9781108779906 - 9781108490023 ; , s. 151-174
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Postglacial faults in northern Fennoscandia have been investigated through geophysical methods, trenching, and mapping of brittle deformation structures. Very little is known about postglacial faults through direct measurements. A few short, up to 500 m deep, boreholes exist. Plans for a scientific drilling program were initiated in 2010. The drilling target has been identified: The Pärvie Fault system is the longest known postglacial fault in the world and has been proposed to have hosted an M8 earthquake near the end or just after the last glaciation. Further, this fault system is still microseismically active. The drill sites are north of the Arctic Circle, in a sparsely populated area. Existing site survey data, established logistics, and societal relevance through the fault’s proximity to mining and energy operations make this fault system an appropriate target. The International Continental Scientific Drilling Program approved a full drilling proposal in October 2019. This chapter presents an abbreviated version of the approved proposal.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Bott, Lukas Thomas, et al.
(författare)
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Coulomb dissociation of O-16 into He-4 and C-12
- 2023
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Ingår i: NUCLEAR PHYSICS IN ASTROPHYSICS - X, NPA-X 2022. - : EDP Sciences. - 2100-014X. ; 279
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We measured the Coulomb dissociation of O-16 into He-4 and C-12 within the FAIR Phase-0 program at GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung Darmstadt, Germany. From this we will extract the photon dissociation cross section O-16(alpha,gamma)C-12, which is the time reversed reaction to C-12(alpha,gamma)O-16. With this indirect method, we aim to improve on the accuracy of the experimental data at lower energies than measured so far. The expected low cross section for the Coulomb dissociation reaction and close magnetic rigidity of beam and fragments demand a high precision measurement. Hence, new detector systems were built and radical changes to the (RB)-B-3 setup were necessary to cope with the high-intensity O-16 beam. All tracking detectors were designed to let the unreacted O-16 ions pass, while detecting the C-12 and He-4.
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| 5. |
- Brauckhoff, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term results and functional outcome after cervical evisceration in patients with thyroid cancer.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 0039-6060 .- 1532-7361. ; 140:6, s. 953-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Surgical strategy in patients with thyroid cancer (TC) infiltrating the aerodigestive system is controversial. This study was undertaken to examine the long-term results of cervical evisceration (CE).PATIENTS AND METHODS: Since 1995, 14 consecutive patients with advanced TC underwent total laryngectomy (LE, n = 6) or esophagolaryngectomy (ELR, n = 8). Patients with unusual thyroid neoplasms or metastases to the thyroid (n = 3) were excluded. For esophageal reconstruction, free jejunal grafts (n = 6) and gastric tubes (n = 2) were used.RESULTS: Procedure-related morbidity and mortality were 42% and 14%, respectively. ELR was associated with a significant higher frequency of complications and reoperations compared with LE. Twelve-month and 30-month survival rates were 73% and 55%, respectively; 85% of the patients were satisfied with the surgical results. There were no long-term problems concerning food intake in the ELR patients. Two ELR patients were able to learn a substitutive voice.CONCLUSIONS: Cervical evisceration in patients with TC is associated with significant perioperative morbidity and mortality requiring careful patient selection. Regarding long-term survival, local tumor control, and patient's satisfaction, however, CE should be taken into account in suitable patients with advanced TC.
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| 6. |
- Brauckhoff, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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Premonitory symptoms preceding metastatic medullary thyroid cancer in MEN 2B : An exploratory analysis
- 2008
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Ingår i: SURGERY. - : Elsevier BV. - 0039-6060. ; 144:6, s. 1044-1050
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. More than 90% of M918T carriers with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B (MEN 2B) harbor de novo mutations in the REarranged during Transfection (RET) protooncogene. DNA-based screening for RET germline mutations is rarely useful for early diagnosis, which thus is contingent on the clinical ascertainment of MEN 2B-specifitc symptoms as soon as they emerge. Little information exists about the presence of these symptoms in infancy.Methods. Detailed information was gathered regarding the development of MEN 2B-associated symptoms from the parents of 25 M918T RET carriers and 50 age- and sex-matched, controls with the use of a disease-specific questionnaire.Results. Until the end of the study, at a median age of 16 2 (range, 0.5-34.9 years), all 25 M918T RET carriers had developed medullary thyroid cancer. By that time, 96%, 91%, 71%, 75%, and 28% Of carriers displayed oral manifestations, ocular abnormalities, intestinal symptoms, musculoskeletal malformations, and pheochromocytoma, respectively. During the first year of life, fewer than 20% of carriers were found to express the typical MEN 2B phenotype, whereas 86% and 61% of these children, but none of the controls, were noted for their inability to cry tears and for constipation.Conclusion. Because the classic MEW 2B phenotype is rare during the first year of life, more emphasis should be placed on the more subtle features of the syndrome. Additional studies are needed to validate the usefulness of the symptoms "inability to cry" and "constipation" for earlier diagnosis of MEAT 2B.
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| 7. |
- Conze, Ronald, et al.
(författare)
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Utilizing the International Geo Sample Number Concept in Continental Scientific Drilling During ICDP Expedition COSC-1
- 2017
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Ingår i: Data Science Journal. - : Ubiquity Press. - 1683-1470. ; 1:1, s. 1-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The International Geo Sample Number (IGSN) is a globally unique persistent identifier (PID) for physical samples that provides discovery functionality of digital sample descriptions via the internet. In this article we describe the implementation of a registration service for IGSNs of the Helmholtz Centre Potsdam – GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences. This includes the adaption of the metadata schema developed within the context of the System for Earth Sample Registration (SESAR1) to better describe the complex sample hierarchy of drilling cores, core sections and samples of scientific drilling projects. Our case study is the COSC-1 expedition2 (Collisional Orogeny in the Scandinavian Caledonides) supported by the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program3 (ICDP). COSC-1 prompted for the first time in ICDP’s history to assign and register IGSNs during an on-going drilling campaign preserving the original parent-child relationship of the sample objects. IGSN-associated data and metadata are distributed and shared with the world wide community through novel web portals, one of which is currently evolving as part of ICDP’s collaborative efforts within the GFZ Potsdam and researchers from ICDP’s COSC clientele. Thus, COSC-1 can be considered as a ‘Prime-Example’ for ICDP projects to further improve the quality of scientific research output through a transparent process of producing and managing large quantities of data as they are normally acquired during a typical scientific drilling operation. The IGSN is an important new player in the general publication landscape that can be cited in scholarly literature and also cross-referenced in DOI-bearing scholarly and data publications.
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| 8. |
- Dittrich, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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ESMO / ASCO Recommendations for a Global Curriculum in Medical Oncology Edition 2016
- 2016
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Ingår i: ESMO Open. - : Elsevier BV. - 2059-7029. ; 1:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) and the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) are publishing a new edition of the ESMO/ ASCO Global Curriculum (GC) thanks to contribution of 64 ESMOappointed and 32 ASCO-appointed authors. First published in 2004 and updated in 2010, the GC edition 2016 answers to the need for updated recommendations for the training of physicians in medical oncology by defining the standard to be fulfilled to qualify as medical oncologists. At times of internationalisation of healthcare and increased mobility of patients and physicians, the GC aims to provide state-of-the-art cancer care to all patients wherever they live. Recent progress in the field of cancer research has indeed resulted in diagnostic and therapeutic innovations such as targeted therapies as a standard therapeutic approach or personalised cancer medicine specialised training for medical oncology trainees. Thus, several new chapters on technical contents such as molecular pathology, translational research or molecular imaging and on conceptual attitudes towards human principles like genetic counselling or survivorship have been integrated in the GC. The GC edition 2016 consists of 12 sections with 17 subsections, 44 chapters and 35 subchapters, respectively. Besides renewal in its contents, the GC underwent a principal formal change taking into consideration modern didactic principles. It is presented in a template-based format that subcategorises the detailed outcome requirements into learning objectives, awareness, knowledge and skills. Consecutive steps will be those of harmonising and implementing teaching and assessment strategies.
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| 9. |
- Elger, Judith, et al.
(författare)
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Core‐log‐seismic integration in metamorphic rocks and its implication for the regional geology : A case study for the ICDP drilling project COSC‐1, Sweden
- 2021
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Ingår i: Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems. - : American Geophysical Union (AGU). - 1525-2027. ; 22:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Continental collision causes deformation in the crust along shear zones. However, the physical and chemical conditions at which these zones operate and the deformation processes that enable up to hundreds of km of tectonic transport are still unclear because of the depth at which they occur and the challenges in imaging them. Ancient exhumed collision zones allow us to investigate these processes much better, for example at the COSC‐1 borehole in the central Scandinavian Caledonides. This study combines data from the COSC‐1 borehole with different seismic measurements to provide constraints on the spatial lithological and textural configuration of the Seve Nappe Complex. This is one of the few studies that shows that core‐log‐seismic integration in metamorphic rocks allows to identify the spatial distribution of major lithological units. Especially gamma ray logs in combination with density data are powerful tools to distinguish between mafic and felsic lithologies in log‐core correlation. Our results indicate that reflections along the borehole are primarily caused by compositional rather than textural changes. Reflections in the Seve Nappe Complex are not as distinct as in greater depths but continuous and several of them can be linked to magmatic intrusions, which have been metamorphically overprinted. Their setting indicates that the Seve Nappe Complex consists of the remnants of a volcanic continental margin. Our results suggest that ductile‐deformed middle crustal reflectivity is primarily a function of pre‐orogenic lithological variations which has to be considered when deciphering mountain building processes.Plain Language SummaryAreas where continents collide experience different kind of deformation. However, these processes and the conditions at which they take place are difficult to study because of the great depth at which they occur. Former collision zones that are closer to the surface these days allow the investigation of these processes much better, for example at the COSC‐1 borehole in the central Scandinavian Caledonides. The challenge remains to image the remnant of these processes in high detail but at the same time over a large area. This study combines data from the COSC‐1 borehole with different geophysical measurements to better understand the lithology and structure of the Seve Nappe Complex. We show that the combination of these data allows us to distinguish between rocks from mafic and sedimentary origin. Our results indicate that the geophysical data along the borehole image the change of the composition of the rocks which probably originates from magmatic intrusions and have been overprinted by geological processes, rather than from fracture zones.
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| 10. |
- Ershova, Victoria B., et al.
(författare)
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The De Long Islands : A missing link in unraveling the Paleozoic paleogeography of the Arctic
- 2016
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Ingår i: Gondwana Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 1342-937X .- 1878-0571. ; 35, s. 305-322
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The vast Laptev and East Siberian shelves in the eastern Russian Arctic, largely covered by a shallow sea and buried beneath sea ice for 9 months of the year, remain one of the least studied parts of continental crust of the Earth and represent a big unknown when performing pre-Cenozoic geodynamic reconstructions of the Arctic. The De Long islands provide a vitally important window into the geology of this area and are a key for [1] understanding the Early Paleozoic history of the Amerasian Arctic. Four of them (Jeanette, Henrietta, Bennett and Zhokhov islands) were studied using structural data, petrographic and geochemical analyses and U-Pb zircon age dating to offer the following new constraints for the Early Paleozoic paleogeography of the Arctic realm. The basement beneath the De Long Islands is of Late Neoproterozoic to earliest Cambrian age, about 670-535 Ma. In the Early Paleozoic, the De Long Islands were located along the broad Timanian margin of Baltica, with a clastic sediment provenance from the Timanian, Grenville-Sveconorwegian, and Baltic Shield domains. The Cambro-Ordovician volcaniclastic successions on Jeannette and Henrietta islands formed part of a continental margin volcanic arc with a corresponding back-arc basin located to the south (in present co-ordinates). On the continent-ward side of the back-arc basin, shallow marine shelf clastic and carbonate rocks were deposited, which are exposed today on Bennett Island in the south-west of the archipelago (in modern coordinates). The De Long Islands together with other continental blocks, such as Severnaya Zemlya, Arctic Alaska-Chukotka, and the Alexander Terrane, formed the contiguous active continental margin of Baltica during the Early Paleozoic. Today however, these terranes are spread out over a distance of 5000 km across the Arctic and eastern Pacific margins due to the subsequent opening of a series of Late Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic oceanic basins.
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