| 1. |
- Edin, Carl, et al.
(författare)
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Ectopic fat is associated with cardiac remodeling - A comprehensive assessment of regional fat depots in type 2 diabetes using multi-parametric MRI.
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2297-055X. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Different regional depots of fat have distinct metabolic properties and may relate differently to adverse cardiac remodeling. We sought to quantify regional depots of body fat and to investigate their relationship to cardiac structure and function in Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) and controls.Methods: From the SCAPIS cohort in Linköping, Sweden, we recruited 92 subjects (35% female, mean age 59.5 ± 4.6 years): 46 with T2D and 46 matched controls. In addition to the core SCAPIS data collection, participants underwent a comprehensive magnetic resonance imaging examination at 1.5 T for assessment of left ventricular (LV) structure and function (end-diastolic volume, mass, concentricity, ejection fraction), as well as regional body composition (liver proton density fat fraction, visceral adipose tissue, abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue, thigh muscle fat infiltration, fat tissue-free thigh muscle volume and epicardial adipose tissue).Results: Compared to the control group, the T2D group had increased: visceral adipose tissue volume index (P < 0.001), liver fat percentage (P < 0.001), thigh muscle fat infiltration percentage (P = 0.02), LV concentricity (P < 0.001) and LV E/e'-ratio (P < 0.001). In a multiple linear regression analysis, a negative association between liver fat percentage and LV mass (St Beta -0.23, P < 0.05) as well as LV end-diastolic volume (St Beta -0.27, P < 0.05) was found. Epicardial adipose tissue volume and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue volume index were the only parameters of fat associated with LV diastolic dysfunction (E/e'-ratio) (St Beta 0.24, P < 0.05; St Beta 0.34, P < 0.01, respectively). In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, only visceral adipose tissue volume index was significantly associated with T2D, with an odds ratio for T2D of 3.01 (95% CI 1.28-7.05, P < 0.05) per L/m2 increase in visceral adipose tissue volume.Conclusions: Ectopic fat is predominantly associated with cardiac remodeling, independently of type 2 diabetes. Intriguingly, liver fat appears to be related to LV structure independently of VAT, while epicardial fat is linked to impaired LV diastolic function. Visceral fat is associated with T2D independently of liver fat and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue.
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| 2. |
- Edin, Carl, et al.
(författare)
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Liver fibrosis is associated with left ventricular remodeling : insight into the liver-heart axis
- 2024
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Ingår i: European Radiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0938-7994 .- 1432-1084.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: In non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), liver fibrosis is the strongest predictor of adverse outcomes. We sought to investigate the relationship between liver fibrosis and cardiac remodeling in participants from the general population using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), as well as explore potential mechanistic pathways by analyzing circulating cardiovascular biomarkers.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we prospectively included participants with type 2 diabetes and individually matched controls from the SCAPIS (Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study) cohort in Linköping, Sweden. Between November 2017 and July 2018, participants underwent MRI at 1.5 Tesla for quantification of liver proton density fat fraction (spectroscopy), liver fibrosis (stiffness from elastography), left ventricular (LV) structure and function, as well as myocardial native T1 mapping. We analyzed 278 circulating cardiovascular biomarkers using a Bayesian statistica lapproach.Results: In total, 92 participants were enrolled (mean age 59.5 ± 4.6 years, 32 women). The mean liver stiffness was 2.1 ± 0.4 kPa. 53 participants displayed hepatic steatosis. LV concentricity increased across quartiles of liver stiffness. Neither liver fat nor liver stiffness displayed any relationships to myocardial tissue characteristics (native T1). In a regression analysis, liver stiffness was related to increased LV concentricity. This association was independent of diabetes and liver fat (Beta = 0.26, p = 0.0053), but was attenuated (Beta = 0.17, p = 0.077) when also adjusting for circulating levels of interleukin-1 receptor type 2.Conclusion: MRI reveals that liver fibrosis is associated to structural LV remodeling, in terms of increased concentricity, in participants from the general population. This relationship could involve the interleukin-1 signaling.
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| 3. |
- Abolhalaj, Milad, et al.
(författare)
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Transcriptional profiling demonstrates altered characteristics of CD8 + cytotoxic T-cells and regulatory T-cells in TP53-mutated acute myeloid leukemia
- 2022
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Ingår i: Cancer Medicine. - : Wiley. - 2045-7634. ; 11:15, s. 3023-3032
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients have limited effect from T-cell-based therapies, such as PD-1 and CTLA-4 blockade. However, recent data indicate that AML patients with TP53 mutation have higher immune infiltration and other immunomodulatory therapies could thus potentially be effective. Here, we performed the transcriptional analysis of distinct T-cell subpopulations from TP53-mutated AML to identify gene expression signatures suggestive of altered functional properties.Methods: CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), conventional helper T cells (Th), and regulatory T cells (Tregs) were sorted from peripheral blood of AML patients with TP53 mutation (n = 5) and healthy donors (n = 3), using FACS, and the different subpopulations were subsequently subjected to RNA-sequencing. Differentially expressed genes were identified and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to outline altered pathways and exhaustion status. Also, expression levels for a set of genes encoding established and emerging immuno-oncological targets were defined.Results: The results showed altered transcriptional profiles for each of the T-cell subpopulations from TP53-mutated AML as compared to control subjects. IFN-α and IFN-γ signaling were stronger in TP53-mutated AML for both CTLs and Tregs. Furthermore, in TP53-mutated AML as compared to healthy controls, Tregs showed gene expression signatures suggestive of metabolic adaptation to their environment, whereas CTLs exhibited features of exhaustion/dysfunction with a stronger expression of TIM3 as well as enrichment of a gene set related to exhaustion.Conclusions: The results provide insights on mechanisms underlying the inadequate immune response to leukemic cells in TP53-mutated AML and open up for further exploration toward novel treatment regimens for these patients.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Heidegren, Carl-Göran, et al.
(författare)
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De två filosofierna
- 2018
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Ingår i: Sverige och filosoferna : Svensk 1900-talsfilosofi i sociologisk belysning - Svensk 1900-talsfilosofi i sociologisk belysning. - 9789144123356 ; , s. 61-172
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 6. |
- Lundberg, Carl, et al.
(författare)
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PDA interface for a field robot
- 2003
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Ingår i: Proc. of the IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS03). - 0780378601 ; , s. 2882-2888
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Operating robots in an outdoor setting poses interesting problems in terms of interaction. To interact with the robot there is a need for a flexible computer interface. In this paper a PDA-based (personal digital assistant, i.e. a handheld computer) approach to robot interaction is presented. The system is designed to allow non-expert users to utilise the robot for operation in an urban exploration setup. The basic design is outlined and a first set of experiments are reported.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Allwood, Carl Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Kulturorienterad psykologi
- 2005
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Ingår i: Vår tids psykologi. - 9789127094208 ; , s. 563-578
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter gives an introduction to how psychology has dealt with the human being as a culture influenced being. This topic is discussed also within the context of cross-cultural interaction and migration to a new country. First the debate on the meaning of culture is reviewed and discussed. Here the changing and heterogeneous nature of socially dependent understanding is emphasized. The larger part of the chapter consists of a presentation of three approaches in culture oriented psychology: Cross-cultural psychology, cultural psychology and the indigenous psychologies.
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| 10. |
- Andersson, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Anorexia Nervosa With Comorbid Severe Depression : A Systematic Scoping Review of Brain Stimulation Treatments
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of ECT. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1095-0680 .- 1533-4112. ; 39:4, s. 227-234
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Major depressive disorder (MDD) is highly prevalent in individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) and is a predictor of greater clinical severity. However, there is a limited amount of evidence supporting the use of psychotropic medications for its management. A systematic scoping review was conducted to assess the current literature on brain stimulation treatments for AN with comorbid MDD, with a specific focus on MDD treatment response and weight restoration. This review was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, and the PubMed, PsycInfo, and MEDLINE databases were searched until July 2022 using specific key words related to AN and brain stimulation treatments. A total of 373 citations were identified, and 49 treatment studies that met the inclusion criteria were included in the review. The initial evidence suggests that electroconvulsive therapy, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, and deep-brain stimulation may be effective in managing comorbid MDD in AN. Emerging evidence suggests that transcranial direct current stimulation may have a positive effect on body mass index in individuals with severe to extreme AN. However, there is a need for the development of better measurement techniques for assessing the severity of depression in the context of AN. Controlled trials that are adequately designed to account for these limitations are highly warranted for deep-brain stimulation, electroconvulsive therapy, and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and hold promise for providing clinically meaningful results.
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