| 1. |
- Arnrup, K, et al.
(författare)
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Classification of dental behavior management problems among children.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Poster presentation at the 85th General Session & Exhibition of the IADR, New Orleans, LA, USA, March 21-24, 2007..
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Objectives: This study aimed to further investigate the heterogeneity within the group of children referred for specialist treatment because of dental behavior management problems (DBMP). A specific aim was to evaluate the validity of a previously reported cluster structure in another DBMP study group. Methods: 177 child dental patients, aged 4 to 12 at referral to a specialist pediatric dental clinic in Göteborg, Sweden, were classified into subgroups according to their personal characteristics. Cluster structure was described and compared to previously reported findings in a DBMP study group of same-aged child dental patients in Örebro, Sweden (n=74). Parental assessments of children's dental and general fear, temperament and behavior were made pre-treatment. The children also performed a vocabulary test. Data were analyzed mainly with a person-based approach using sequences of cluster analyses. Results: Classification into five different subgroups was judged the best representation of the Göteborg study group data, while four groups had been defined in Örebro. The new clusters partly paralleled the previous and were labeled (I) Extrovert, outgoing, (II) Highly fearful, multiple problems, (III) Highly fearful, (IV) Moderately fearful, externalizing, impulsive and (V) Moderately fearful, inhibited. Cluster profile II describes severe dental fear and general temperamental and behavioral problems of internalizing as well as externalizing character. Such combined problems were not clearly revealed in the Örebro cluster structure. Conclusion: The contention that children with dental behavior management problems (DBMP) comprise a heterogeneous group was strengthened. Similar, although not identical, clusters of children showing DBMP were identified in this replication study. Apart from different levels of dental fear, varying temperamental and behavioral characteristics need to be taken into consideration to better match treatment for these patients
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| 2. |
- Abrahamsson, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Genus och lärande i arbetslivet
- 2006
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Ingår i: Vuxenantologin. - Stockholm : Bokförlaget Atlas. - 9789173892025 ; , s. 409-434
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
- Austeng, Dordi, et al.
(författare)
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Regional differences in screening for retinopathy of prematurity in infants born before 27 weeks of gestation in Sweden : the EXPRESS study
- 2014
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Ingår i: Acta Ophthalmologica. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1755-375X .- 1755-3768. ; 92:4, s. 311-315
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The primary aim was to analyse regional incidences of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and frequencies of treatment and their relation to perinatal risk factors during a 3-year period. A secondary aim was to study adherence to the study screening protocol in the different regions.Methods: A population-based study of neonatal morbidity in extremely preterm infants in Sweden (EXPRESS) was performed during 2004-2007. Screening for ROP was to start at postnatal age 5weeks and to continue weekly until the retina was completely vascularized or until regression of ROP. Logistic regression analyses were used for evaluation of differences in incidence of Any ROP, ROP 3 or more and ROP Type 1 between the seven regions of the country.Results: The regional incidence of ROP varied between 54% and 92% for Any ROP, between 25% and 43% for ROP stage 3 or more and between 8% and 23% of infants with ROP Type 1, all of whom were treated. There was no significant difference between the regions regarding ROP Type 1, even when adjusting for known risk factors for ROP.Conclusion: The heterogeneity between the regions regarding the incidence of ROP was reduced with increasing severity of ROP, and there was no heterogeneity regarding frequency of treatment for ROP, which is the most important issue for the children. We cannot exclude observer bias regarding mild ROP and ROP stage 3 in this study.
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| 4. |
- Bäckström, Torbjörn, 1948-, et al.
(författare)
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Pathogenesis in menstrual cycle-linked CNS disorders.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0077-8923 .- 1749-6632. ; 1007, s. 42-53
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Forskningsöversikt (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 5. |
- Henriksen, J. S., et al.
(författare)
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A pilot study comparing optical coherence tomography, radiography, clinical photography, and polarisation microscopy for studies of hypomineralisation disturbances in enamel
- 2023
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Ingår i: Heliyon. - : Elsevier BV. - 2405-8440. ; 9:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To investigate the use of optical coherence tomography (OCT) as a tool to assess general and localised hypomineralisation defects in the enamel. Design and Materials: Ten extracted permanent teeth (four teeth with localised hypomineralisa-tion, four teeth with general hypomineralisation, and two healthy controls) were used in this study. In addition, four participants who underwent OCT served as living controls for the extracted teeth.Methods: The OCT results were compared with clinical photographs, digital radiographs, and polarising microscopy images of tooth sections (considered the gold standard) to determine the method with the most accurate information regarding the extent of enamel disturbances: 1) visibility of enamel disturbance (visible yes/no); if yes, 2) extent of the disturbance in the enamel; and 3) determination of the plausible involvement of the underlying dentin.Results: OCT was more accurate than digital radiography and visual assessment. OCT could provide information about the extent of localised hypomineralised disturbances in the enamel that was comparable to that with polarisation microscopy of the tooth sections.Conclusion: Within the limitations of this pilot study, it can be concluded that OCT is suitable for investigating and evaluating localised hypomineralisation disturbances; however, it is less useful in cases with generalised hypomineralisation of the enamel. In addition, OCT complements radiographic examination of enamel; however, more studies are necessary to elucidate the full extent of the use of OCT in case of hypomineralisation.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Johansson, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Tissue factor produced by the endocrine cells of the islets of Langerhans is associated with a negative outcome of clinical islet transplantation
- 2005
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Ingår i: Diabetes. - : American Diabetes Association. - 0012-1797 .- 1939-327X. ; 54:6, s. 1755-62
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There are strong indications that only a small fraction of grafts successfully engraft in clinical islet transplantation. One explanation may be the instant blood-mediated inflammatory reaction (IBMIR) elicited by tissue factor, which is produced by the endocrine cells. In the present study, we show that islets intended for islet transplantation produce tissue factor in both the transmembrane and the alternatively spliced form and that the membrane-bound form is released as microparticles often associated with both insulin and glucagon granules. A low-molecular mass factor VIIa (FVIIa) inhibitor that indirectly blocks both forms of tissue factor was shown in vitro to be a promising drug to eliminate the IBMIR. Thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT) and FVIIa-antithrombin complex (FVIIa-AT) were measured in nine patients who together received 20 infusions of isolated human islets. Both the TAT and FVIIa-AT complexes increased rapidly within 15-60 min after infusion. When the initial TAT and FVIIa-AT levels were plotted against the increase in C-peptide concentration after 7 days, patients with an initially strong IBMIR showed no significant increase in insulin synthesis after 7 days. In conclusion, tissue factor present in both the islets and the culture medium and elicits IBMIR, which affects the function of the transplanted islets.
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| 9. |
- Linné, Agneta, Professor em. 1939-
(författare)
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Moralen, barnet eller vetenskapen? : En studie av tradition och förändring i lärarutbildningen
- 1996
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Tradition and change in compulsory school teacher education are studied historically, using the theoretical framework of curriculum theory and theory of cultural reproduction. The concepts of classification and framing are used as analytic devices. The curriculum is analyzed by its principles of selection, organization, methods of instruction and evaluation. The objects of study are pedagogical texts and material frames; also, important actors and struggles in the field of teacher education are identified.The establishment of a State education for elementary school teachers from 1842 onwards is analyzed. Two main periods of change have been discerned - one in the 1860s and one around the turn of the century. Both these changes coincided with considerable alterations in the context of the institution of teacher training. Changes occurred in the relations between community and State networks, power relations of State bureaucracy were altered and new ideas of nature, science, the child and morality broke through. Initially, classification and framing were comparatively weak; step by step they were strengthened as State control grew more forceful. From the 1880s onwards, the dominating character of teacher education was challenged by the new professional organization created by the elementary school teachers. The strong dominance of Church and religion over education was deeply questioned in light of the newly developing sciences like empirical psychology and the natural sciences. Actors from teacher training institutes played important roles in national educational policy and in the field of teacher education. These actors have been engaged in struggles for admission to the field, for the ownership of the arena and for the power over examination - struggles concerning the distinctions of the field itself in relation to other fields.The study has demonstrated how ideas of morality, the child and science in various shapes have dominated the scene of teacher education from the mid-nineteenth to the mid-twentieth centuries.
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| 10. |
- Lopes, David, et al.
(författare)
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Validating the dental subscale of the children's fear survey schedule using Rasch analysis
- 2013
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Ingår i: European Journal of Oral Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0909-8836 .- 1600-0722. ; 121:3, s. 277-282
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rasch analysis was used to examine the validity of the Children's Fear Survey Schedule Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS). Data were collected from parents of children in regular dental care (n=240) and from parents of children referred to a specialized pediatric dental clinic (n=200). The Rasch model is a probabilistic model in which estimations are based on the relationship between person ability and item difficulty, and the present study investigated the validity of the CFSS-DS through analysis of person and item fit, dimensionality, ordering of thresholds, local dependency, and differential item functioning. The results show multidimensionality of the original scale, and an adjusted version consisting of six items with good fit to the model is suggested. The adjusted scale makes interval-level analysis possible, and time efficiency and elimination of previously criticized items argue in favor of the adjusted scale.
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