| 1. |
- Bengtsson, Per Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Dual-broadband rotational cars measurements in an IC engine
- 1994
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Ingår i: Symposium (International) on Combustion. - 0082-0784. ; 25:1, s. 1735-1742
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This is the first report of pure rotational coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS) measurementsin an internal combustion (IC) engine. Single-shot, dual-broadband rotational CARS (DB-RCARS) spectra were recorded both prior to ignition and in the postcombustion gases. From these spectra, both temperature and relative oxygen concentrations were evaluated. The pressure was registered simultaneously with the CARS measurements in the spark-ignition engine burning natural gas and air. Prior to ignition, normally at temperatures below 1000 K and pressures below 2 MPa, a rotational CARS spectrum is very temperature sensitive, and the technique can be used for temperature measurements with high accuracy. Evaluated temperatures show a negligible dependence on uncertainties in parameters such as the nonresonant susceptibility of the gas and the slit width. Moreover, no collisional narrowing of the lines has to be taken into account. The relative standard deviation of evaluated temperatures and of relative oxygen concentrations from single-shot measurements were as low as 1, and 1.4-1.9%, respectively. In the postcombustion gases at temperatures above 2000 K and pressures above 1.5 MPa, the nonresonant CARS background gave a large contribution to the total spectrum. In this temperature and pressure range, the evaluated values of temperature and nonresonant susceptibility are not independent, and the nonresonant susceptibility had to be fixed at a precalculated value to get a reliable temperature evaluation. The avantages and disadvantages of rotational CARS in comparison with vibrational CARS for IC engine measurements are discussed.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Clark, Eric, et al.
(författare)
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Island gentrification and space wars
- 2007
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Ingår i: A world of islands. - 9789993286103 ; , s. 483-512
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Eriksson, Britt-Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Diagnosis of pulmonary infections in immunocompromised patients by fiber-optic bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage and serology
- 1996
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5548 .- 1651-1980. ; 28:5, s. 479-485
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fiber-optic bronchoscopy (FOB) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) were performed on 67 occasions in 57 immunocompromised patients with symptoms consistent with pulmonary infection. Diagnosis was achieved more often in renal transplant patients than in patients with hematological malignancies (85% versus 28%). Culture (bacteria, virus, fungi), staining and microscopy (bacteria, fungi, Pneumocystis carinii (PC)) and antigen detection by indirect immunofluorescence (cytomegalovirus (CMV), respiratory viruses, PC, Legionella) were used for diagnosis. On 20 occasions transbronchial biopsies with histopathologic examination were performed. In addition, serology comprising the herpes group (HHV-6) and respiratory viruses was done. A microbial diagnosis was obtained on 45% of occasions. The most common pathogens found were CMV (31%) and PC (25%). On 22 (33%) occasions a rapid diagnosis of 1 or more microbial agents was obtained within 24 h by conventional staining or indirect immunofluorescence. The clinical relevance of findings of CMV, HHV-6, and Epstein-Barr virus in BAL by polymerase chain detection on 18, 6 and 3 occasions is discussed. On 4 occasions pathogenic bacteria were found. It was not possible to relate findings of coagulase-negative staphylococci, alpha-streptococci and Candida albicans to the pulmonary infection.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Erlandsson, Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Demonstrating the Performance and Emission Characteristics of a Variable Compression Ratio, Alvar-Cycle Engine
- 1998
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Ingår i: SAE Technical Paper Series. - 0148-7191.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper is a direct continuation of a previous study that addressed the performance and design of a variable compression engine, the Alvar-Cycle Engine [1]. The earlier study was presented at the SAE International Conference and Exposition in Detroit during February 23- 26, 1998 as SAE paper 981027. In the present paper test results from a single cylinder prototype are reviewed and compared with a similar conventional engine. Efficiency and emissions are shown as function of speed, load, and compression ratio. The influence of residual gas on knock characteristics is shown. The potential for high power density through heavy supercharging is analyzed.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Hedin, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Neoliberalization of housing in Sweden : gentrification, filtering, and social polarization
- 2012
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Ingår i: Annals of the Association of American Geographers. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0004-5608 .- 1467-8306. ; 102:2, s. 443-463
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During the last twenty-five years, housing policy in Sweden has radically changed. Once forming a pillar of the comprehensive welfare system, abbreviated the “Swedish model,” neoliberal housing politics have established market-governed housing provision with a minimum of state engagement. This shift has had consequences on the social geography of housing conditions. The research reported here analyzes social geographic change in Sweden's three largest cities—Stockholm, Gothenburg, and Malmö—between 1986 and 2001, relating observed patterns of gentrification and filtering to cycles of accumulation and to neoliberalization of housing policies. First, we outline the neoliberalization of Swedish housing policies. We then present an empirical analysis of gentrification and filtering in the three cities, spanning two boom periods (1986–1991, 1996–2001) and a bust period (1991–1996). The data reveal social geographic polarization manifested in the growth of supergentrification and low-income filtering. The analysis also introduces the concept of ordinary gentrification, supporting the move in gentrification research toward a broad generic conception of the process. Political reforms after 2001 are summarized and we argue that these underlie the continued increase in inequality and that the social geographic polarization mapped between 1986 and 2001 has probably intensified during this decade.
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| 10. |
- Hjälm, Anna, 1977-
(författare)
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A family landscape : On the geographical distances between elderly parents and adult children in Sweden
- 2011
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- With a background in the ageing of the population and the new challenges facing individuals, families and the welfare state, the aim of this thesis is to analyse the changing family landscape and the geographical distances between elderly parents and adult children. The thesis consists of four empirical studies derived from three different sources of data: In the first paper (Paper I), historical population data is combined with modern register data for two Swedish regions. In the second and third papers, individual-level register data covering the entire Swedish population serves as the empirical starting point. The fourth paper leaves the registers aside and builds upon interviews. Paper I provides an introduction and historical background to the question of intergenerational geographical proximity and distance. The paper analyses intergenerational distances and seeks to compare and discuss the significance of the variations. It is shown that concerning extreme proximity a great decrease has occurred over 200 years, however when it comes to having kin within reach the decrease is less dramatic, and that now, just as then, a majority of elderly parents have an adult child within reach. The article concludes that even though geographical distances between generations vary over time and space, no clear linear trend towards intergenerational geographical separation can be established. In Paper II we analyse some features and trends in intergenerational distances in Sweden. We find that 10% of all elderly parents have at least one child living very close and that a majority, 85%, have an adult child within reach. The study shows no clear trend towards increasing intergenerational separation, but suggests that periods of intense societal restructuring, such urbanisation, can lead to spells of increased intergenerational separation on an aggregated level. Paper III investigates whether, and to what extent, elderly parents and adult children move close to each other. We find that even though the older generation makes up a smaller share of the moves made, when they do move they are more likely to move closer to an adult child. Further, having more than one relative at a destination adds to the attraction, and that older elderly are less likely to move close to a child than younger elderly. One interpretation is that young-old parents serve as a resource for their adult children, while older elderly are more influenced by the need for welfare state based assistance. The last paper, IV, returns to the elderly parents living very close to an adult child. In interviews with 14 elderly the aim of the paper is to gain new understanding about the interaction between intergenerational proximity, assistance and the meaning of being close. Some of the issues raised in the paper relate to migration histories, reciprocity and independence.
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