| 1. |
- Antonsson, Malin, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Disfluencies in spontaneous speech in persons with low-grade glioma before and after surgery
- 2024
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Ingår i: Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics. - 0269-9206. ; 38:4, s. 359-380, s. 1-22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Impaired lexical retrieval is common in persons with low-grade glioma (LGG). Several studies have reported a discrepancy between subjective word-finding difficulties and results on formal tests. Analysis of spontaneous speech might be more sensitive to signs of word-finding difficulties, hence we aimed to explore disfluencies in a spontaneous-speech task performed by participants with presumed LGG before and after surgery. Further, we wanted to explore how the presence of disfluencies in spontaneous speech differed in the participants with and without objectively established lexical-retrieval impairment and with and without self-reported subjective experience of impaired language, speech and communication. Speech samples of 26 persons with presumed low-grade glioma were analysed with regard to disfluency features. The post-operative speech samples had a higher occurrence of fillers, implying more disfluent language production. The participants performed worse on two of the word fluency tests, and after surgery the number of participants who were assessed as having an impaired lexical retrieval had increased from 6 to 12. The number of participants who experienced a change in their language, speech or communication had increased from 9 to 12. Additional comparisons showed that those with impaired lexical retrieval had a higher proportion of false starts after surgery than those with normal lexical retrieval, and differences in articulation rate and speech rate, favouring those not having experienced any change in language, speech or communication. Taken together, the findings from this study strengthen the existing claim that temporal aspects of language and speech are important when assessing persons with gliomas.
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| 2. |
- Beckley, Amber L., et al.
(författare)
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Association of height and violent criminality : results from a Swedish total population study
- 2014
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Ingår i: International Journal of Epidemiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0300-5771 .- 1464-3685. ; 43:3, s. 835-842
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Violent criminality is at least moderately heritable, but the mechanisms behind this remain largely unexplained. Height, a highly heritable trait, may be involved but no study has estimated the effect of height on crime while simultaneously accounting for important demographic, biological and other heritable confounders. Methods: We linked nationwide, longitudinal registers for 760 000 men who underwent mandatory military conscription from 1980 through 1992 in Sweden, to assess the association between height and being convicted of a violent crime. We used Cox proportional hazard modelling and controlled for three types of potential confounders: physical characteristics, childhood demographics and general cognitive ability (intelligence). Results: In unadjusted analyses, height had a moderate negative relationship to violent crime; the shortest of men were twice as likely to be convicted of a violent crime as the tallest. However, when simultaneously controlling for all measured confounders, height was weakly and positively related to violent crime. Intelligence had the individually strongest mitigating effect on the height-crime relationship. Conclusions: Although shorter stature was associated with increased risk of violent offending, our analyses strongly suggested that this relationship was explained by intelligence and other confounding factors. Hence, it is unlikely that height, a highly heritable physical characteristic, accounts for much of the unexplained heritability of violent criminality.
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| 3. |
- Dencker, Kerstin, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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An approach to proactive assembly systems - Towards competitive assembly systems
- 2007
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Ingår i: 2007 IEEE International Symposium on Assembly and Manufacturing. - NEW YORK : IEEE. - 9781424405626 ; , s. 294-299
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Manufacturing competitiveness is highly dependant on companies' ability to rapidly reconfigure their manufacturing and assembly systems. Efforts to approach emerging and self-reconfigurable systems could be successfully complemented by efficient integration of highly flexible human operators into the system. The concept of system proactivity is introduced which is based on the interrelated levels of automation, information, and competence in the assembly system. An ongoing project to develop proactive assembly systems, ProAct, is described.
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| 4. |
- Dencker, Kerstin, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Characteristic of a proactive assembly system
- 2008
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Ingår i: MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE NEW FRONTIER. - NEW YORK : SPRINGER. - 9781848002661 - 9781848002678 ; , s. 123-128
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Competitive assembly systems must cope with frequent demand changes, requiring drastically shortened resetting and ramp-up times. Characteristics of assembly systems capable of rapid change are e.g. Flexibility; Robustness, Agility, and ability to handle frequent changes and disturbances. This paper proposes proactivity as a vital factor of semi-automated assembly systems to increase speed of change. Proactive systems utilize the full potential of human operators and technical systems. Such systems have ability to dynamically change system automation levels, resulting in decrease of time consumed for assembly tasks. Proactivity criteria for assembly systems are reviewed based on theory and industrial case studies
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| 5. |
- Dencker, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Proactive Assembly System : High productive assembly systems supported by skillful operators and appropriate automation
- 2007
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Manufacturing competitiveness is highly dependant on the companies’ability to rapidly reconfigure their assembly systems. Ongoing efforts to approachself-reconfiguring and “emerging” assembly systems are promising but can besuccessfully complemented by integration of highly flexible human operators intosuch system models. This paper introduces the concept of assembly systemproactivity. The approach is based on interrelated levels of human involvement,automation, and information handling within the assembly system. Presently,assembly system developers react to the companies’ demands, thus developingsolutions, which are direct responses to existing problems, i.e. a highlyreactive approach. Assembly systems need to be more dynamic and evolvable tokeep up with the reduced product life cycles and still be cost efficient. Consequently,assembly systems with the ability to proactively meet emergent and long-termfluctuations concerning product design and volume capacity are required. Suchsystems consist of technical components efficiently integrated with human operatorsto constitute reliable resources in the production system. That way, disturbances canbe minimized and the availability of the entire production system increased.
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| 6. |
- Dencker, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Proactive Assembly Systems : Realizing the Potential of Human Collaboration with Automation
- 2007
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Ingår i: IFAC-CEA.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Manufacturing competitiveness highly depends on companies' ability to rapidly reconfigure their assembly systems. This paper introduces the concept of assembly system proactivity based on interrelated levels of human involvement in a planed way will contribute to increased system ability to proactively address predicted and unpredicted events. Correct involvement of human operators will utilize the full combined potential of human and technical capabilities, also providing cost-efficient assembly system solutions. The ProAct (project presented) will develop proactive assembly system models, evaluating proactive, feature-based solutions. Focus is on realizing the potential of semi-automated system with relevant human involvement, i.e. operators with high skills adding e.g. flexible capability and functionality.
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| 7. |
- Dencker, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Proactive assembly systems-realizing the potential of human collaboration with automation
- 2007
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Ingår i: Cost Effective Automation. - : International Federation of Automatic Control. - 9783902661326 ; , s. 79-84
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Manufacturing competitiveness relies on the companies' ability to rapidly reconfigure their assembly systems. This paper introduces assembly system proactivity, a concept based on interrelated levels of human involvement, automation, and information handling. Increased and structured human involvement contributes to increased system ability to proactively address predicted and unpredicted events. Correct involvement of human operators will utilize the fully combined potential of human and technical capabilities, providing cost-efficient assembly system solutions. The ProAct project is developing proactive assembly system models and evaluating proactive, feature-based solutions. Focus is on realizing the potential of cost-efficient and semi-automated systems with relevant human involvement, i.e. highly skilled operators that add flexibility and functionality.
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| 8. |
- Dencker, Kerstin, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Proactive Assembly Systems – realizing the potential of human collaboration with automation
- 2009
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Ingår i: Annual Reviews in Control. - : Elsevier. - 1367-5788 .- 1872-9088. ; 33:2, s. 230-237
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Manufacturing competitiveness frequently relies on company ability to rapidly reconfigure their assembly systems. This paper introduces assembly system proactivity, a concept based on interrelated levels of automation, human competence, and information handling. Increased and structured human involvement contributes to increased system ability to proactively address predicted and unpredicted events. Correct involvement of human operators will utilize the combined potential of human and technical capabilities, providing cost-efficient assembly system solutions. The ProAct project is developing proactive assembly system models and evaluates proactive, feature-based solutions. Focus is on realising the potential of cost-efficient and semi-automated systems with relevant human involvement, i.e. highly skilled operators who add flexibility and functionality.
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| 9. |
- Ekström, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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High Burden among Older Family Caregivers is Associated with High Prevalence of Symptoms: Data from the Swedish Study "Good Aging in Skane (GAS)"
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Aging Research. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2090-2204 .- 2090-2212. ; 2020
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/Aim. Certain groups of informal caregivers have been shown to have worse health compared to noncaregivers. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to explore the health and gender aspects of caregiving in an older Swedish population. Methods. Our study included 5457 participants from the longitudinal, general population study "Good Aging in Skane." A total of 33 self-reported symptoms were obtained from questionnaires and were then divided into seven domains: depressive, musculoskeletal, gastrourinary, symptoms related to head, cardiopulmonary, symptoms related to tension, and metabolic symptoms. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the risk of developing symptoms in each of the seven domains, regarding caregiving burden and caregiving in relation to gender. Results. We found that caregivers, compared to noncaregivers, had a higher prevalence for depressive and tension-related symptoms. High-burden caregivers exhibited significantly more individual symptoms and a higher prevalence of symptoms in the depressive, tension, and gastrourinary domains of symptoms compared to both low-burden caregivers and noncaregivers. More than 79% of high-burden caregivers reported general fatigue, and over half of the high-burden caregivers experience depressive mood. Female caregivers showed a significantly higher risk of reporting depressive symptoms (OR = 1.54, 95% CI 1.19-1.98) and tension-related symptoms compared to male caregivers. Conclusion. Depressive and tension-related symptoms were more common in caregivers, especially in high-burden caregivers. High-burden caregivers might be at a risk of adverse mental health, and this highlights the need to offer proper support to these groups.
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| 10. |
- Elmståhl, Sölve, et al.
(författare)
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Being an older family caregiver does not impact healthcare and mortality: Data from the study ‘Good Aging in Skåne’
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 50, s. 223-231
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Will being a caregiver further impact the health of a group already at risk of adverse health due to old age? This study aimed to answer the questions whether short- and long-term healthcare consumption and mortality differ between informal caregivers and non-caregivers and between high-burden and low-burden informal caregivers. Method: The study population consisted of 423 caregivers and 3444 controls from the Swedish national general population study ‘Good Aging in Skåne’. Caregivers were divided into those reporting high and low caregiver burden and information on caregiver status was collected from questionnaires. Data for mortality and healthcare consumption (inpatient and outpatient visits) were obtained from The National Board of Health and Welfare. Mortality was tested with Cox regression models and healthcare consumption with logistic regression models, adjusted for sociodemographic covariates, Activities of daily living (ADL) and number of chronic diseases. Results: Caregivers were younger than non-caregivers, had higher educational background, more independent in ADL and more often men. Of 423 caregivers, 73 (17.3%) reported experiencing high caregiver burden. High-burden caregivers were older, more dependent in personal ADL and gave more hours of care than those reporting low burden. In adjusted regression models, we found no differences in either consumption of healthcare nor mortality between caregivers and non-caregivers and high-burden v. low-burden caregivers looking at short-term (1 and 3 years) and long-term (10 and 15 years) follow-up periods. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the characteristic of being a family caregiver does not have an impact on mortality or physical health measured as inpatient admissions or instances of primary care. © Author(s) 2020.
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