| 1. |
- Ekelund, Rebecka, et al.
(författare)
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Interventions for improving mental health in athletes : a scoping review
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology. - Oxon : Routledge. - 1750-984X .- 1750-9858.
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aims of this scoping review were to map the current literature on interventions for improving mental health in athletes, identify knowledge gaps, and generate future research questions. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guided this review. A systematic literature search was conducted in SPORTDiscus, PsycINFO, and SCOPUS and 44 intervention studies met the inclusion criteria. Results showed that 22 studies (50%) implemented cognitive behavioural principles, and the majority of these studies were influenced by various mindfulness programmes. Most studies (93%) included healthy athlete samples, and athletes aged 15–19 were the most examined age group (43%). Only three studies used clinical criteria in their sampling of participants and mediators were examined in two studies. The scarcity of studies examining mediators and subclinical or clinical samples revealed critical knowledge gaps in the literature. Furthermore, the critical appraisal showed that regardless of study design, most studies demonstrated low internal validity. We propose the use of high-quality single-case studies with athletes who experience subclinical or clinical mental health issues, and further investigation of mechanisms of change linking intervention components to outcomes of interest.
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| 2. |
- Kirchhof, Paulus, et al.
(författare)
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Comprehensive risk reduction in patients with atrial fibrillation : emerging diagnostic and therapeutic options - a report from the 3rd Atrial Fibrillation Competence NETwork/European Heart Rhythm Association consensus conference
- 2012
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Ingår i: Europace. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1099-5129 .- 1532-2092. ; 14:1, s. 8-27
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- While management of atrial fibrillation (AF) patients is improved by guideline-conform application of anticoagulant therapy, rate control, rhythm control, and therapy of accompanying heart disease, the morbidity and mortality associated with AF remain unacceptably high. This paper describes the proceedings of the 3rd Atrial Fibrillation NETwork (AFNET)/European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) consensus conference that convened over 60 scientists and representatives from industry to jointly discuss emerging therapeutic and diagnostic improvements to achieve better management of AF patients. The paper covers four chapters: (i) risk factors and risk markers for AF; (ii) pathophysiological classification of AF; (iii) relevance of monitored AF duration for AF-related outcomes; and (iv) perspectives and needs for implementing better antithrombotic therapy. Relevant published literature for each section is covered, and suggestions for the improvement of management in each area are put forward. Combined, the propositions formulate a perspective to implement comprehensive management in AF.
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| 3. |
- Ahmed, Fozia Z., et al.
(författare)
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Use of healthcare claims to validate the Prevention of Arrhythmia Device Infection Trial cardiac implantable electronic device infection risk score
- 2021
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Ingår i: Europace. - : Oxford University Press. - 1099-5129 .- 1532-2092. ; 23:9, s. 1446-1455
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: The Prevention of Arrhythmia Device Infection Trial (PADIT) infection risk score, developed based on a large prospectively collected data set, identified five independent predictors of cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) infection. We performed an independent validation of the risk score in a data set extracted from U.S. healthcare claims.METHODS AND RESULTS: Retrospective identification of index CIED procedures among patients aged ≥18 years with at least one record of a CIED procedure between January 2011 and September 2014 in a U.S health claims database. PADIT risk factors and major CIED infections (with system removal, invasive procedure without system removal, or infection-attributable death) were identified through diagnosis and procedure codes. The data set was randomized by PADIT score into Data Set A (60%) and Data Set B (40%). A frailty model allowing multiple procedures per patient was fit using Data Set A, with PADIT score as the only predictor, excluding patients with prior CIED infection. A data set of 54 042 index procedures among 51 623 patients with 574 infections was extracted. Among patients with no history of prior CIED infection, a 1 unit increase in the PADIT score was associated with a relative 28% increase in infection risk. Prior CIED infection was associated with significant incremental predictive value (HR 5.66, P < 0.0001) after adjusting for PADIT score. A Harrell's C-statistic for the PADIT score and history of prior CIED infection was 0.76.CONCLUSION: The PADIT risk score predicts increased CIED infection risk, identifying higher risk patients that could potentially benefit from targeted interventions to reduce the risk of CIED infection. Prior CIED infection confers incremental predictive value to the PADIT score.
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| 4. |
- Alsterholm, Mikael, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Establishment and utility of SwedAD : a nationwide Swedish registry for patients with atopic dermatitis receiving systemic pharmacotherapy
- 2023
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Ingår i: Acta Dermato-Venereologica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 0001-5555 .- 1651-2057. ; 103
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- SwedAD, a Swedish nationwide registry for patients with atopic dermatitis receiving systemic pharmacotherapy, was launched on 1 September 2019. We describe here the establishment of a user-friendly registry to the benefit of patients with atopic dermatitis. By 5 November 2022, 38 clinics had recorded 931 treatment episodes in 850 patients with an approximate national coverage rate of 40%. Characteristics at enrolment included median Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) 10.2 (interquartile range 4.0, 19.4), Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure (POEM) 18.0 (10.0, 24.0), Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) 11.0 (5.0, 19.0) and Peak Itch Numerical Rating Scale-11 (NRS-11) 6.0 (3.0, 8.0). At 3 months, median EASI was 3.2 (1.0, 7.3) and POEM, DLQI, and NRS-11 were improved. Regional coverage varied, reflecting the distribution of dermatologists, the ratio of public to private healthcare, and difficulties in recruiting certain clinics. This study highlights the importance of a nationwide registry when managing systemic pharmacotherapy of atopic dermatitis.
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| 5. |
- Amanullah, Rahman, et al.
(författare)
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Diversity in extinction laws of Type Ia supernovae measured between 0.2 and 2 μm
- 2015
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Ingår i: Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0035-8711 .- 1365-2966. ; 453:3, s. 3300-3328
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present ultraviolet (UV) observations of six nearby Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope, three of which were also observed in the near-IR (NIR) with Wide-Field Camera 3. UV observations with the Swift satellite, as well as ground-based optical and NIR data provide complementary information. The combined data set covers the wavelength range 0.2-2 mu m. By also including archival data of SN 2014J, we analyse a sample spanning observed colour excesses up to E(B - V) = 1.4 mag. We study the wavelength-dependent extinction of each individual SN and find a diversity of reddening laws when characterized by the total-to-selective extinction R-V. In particular, we note that for the two SNe with E(B - V) greater than or similar to 1 mag, for which the colour excess is dominated by dust extinction, we find R-V = 1.4 +/- 0.1 and R-V = 2.8 +/- 0.1. Adding UV photometry reduces the uncertainty of fitted R-V by similar to 50 per cent allowing us to also measure R-V of individual low-extinction objects which point to a similar diversity, currently not accounted for in the analyses when SNe Ia are used for studying the expansion history of the Universe.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Andersson, H. Robert H., et al.
(författare)
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Flipping the Data Center Network : Increasing East-West Capacity Using Existing Hardware
- 2017
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Ingår i: 2017 IEEE 42nd Conference on Local Computer Networks (LCN), 9-12 Oct. 2017. - : IEEE. - 9781509065233 - 9781509065226 ; , s. 211-214
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In today's datacenters, there is an increasing demand for more network traffic capacity. The majority of the increase in traffic is internal to the datacenter, i.e., it flows between different servers within the datacenter. This category of traffic is often referred to as east-west traffic and traditional hierarchical architectures are not well equipped to handle this type of traffic. Instead, they are better suited for the north-southbound traffic between hosts and the Internet. One suggested solution for this capacity problem is to adopt a folded CLOS topology, also known as spine-leaf, which often relies on software defined network (SDN) controllers to manage traffic. This paper shows that it is possible to implement a spine-leaf network using commodity-ofthe-shelf switches and thus improve the east-west traffic capacity. This can be obtained using low complexity configuration and edgerouting for load balancing, eliminating the need for a centralized SDN controller.
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| 8. |
- Andersson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Vortex liquid properties in optimally doped and oxygen-deficient YBa2Cu3O7-delta single crystals
- 2000
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Ingår i: Physica. C, Superconductivity. - 0921-4534 .- 1873-2143. ; 332:1-4, s. 86-92
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The electrical anisotropy, gamma = (m(c)/m(ab))(1/2), can easily be varied by changing the oxygen content in single crystals of YBa2Cu3O7-delta (YBCO); thus making this system useful as a test system For vortex dynamics in high-temperature superconductors (HTSC). Here, some recent results are reviewed. Measurements of the c-axis resistivity with the magnetic field B II ab-plane is shown to be a powerful tool in studying vortex velocity correlations both parallel and perpendicular to the applied field. In optimally doped crystals, we iind evidence that the in-plane vortex lattice melts at T-m into a disentangled vortex liquid, which looses its correlation along the c-axis at a higher temperature T-br > T-m. For weakly disordered crystals and magnetic fields B \\ c-axis, a relation between the vortex glass line and the magnetic field dependence of the characteristic energy, U*, in the pinned vortex liquid is proposed. This approach is shown to give support to our idea of describing the vortex glass resistivity in the liquid regime by a modified glass correlation Length, xi(g) = xi(0)\k(B)T/U-0 - 1\(-nu) which depends on the average pinning energy, Lr,, in the system [A. Rydh, O. Rapp, M. Andersson, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83 (1999) 1850].
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| 9. |
- Anthon, Carl Thomas, et al.
(författare)
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Thrombocytopenia and platelet transfusions in ICU patients : an international inception cohort study (PLOT-ICU)
- 2023
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Ingår i: Intensive Care Medicine. - 0342-4642. ; 49:11, s. 1327-1338
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Thrombocytopenia (platelet count < 150 × 10 9/L) is common in intensive care unit (ICU) patients and is likely associated with worse outcomes. In this study we present international contemporary data on thrombocytopenia in ICU patients. METHODS: We conducted a prospective cohort study in adult ICU patients in 52 ICUs across 10 countries. We assessed frequencies of thrombocytopenia, use of platelet transfusions and clinical outcomes including mortality. We evaluated pre-selected potential risk factors for the development of thrombocytopenia during ICU stay and associations between thrombocytopenia at ICU admission and 90-day mortality using pre-specified logistic regression analyses.RESULTS: We analysed 1166 ICU patients; the median age was 63 years and 39.5% were female. Overall, 43.2% (95% confidence interval (CI) 40.4-46.1) had thrombocytopenia; 23.4% (20-26) had thrombocytopenia at ICU admission, and 19.8% (17.6-22.2) developed thrombocytopenia during their ICU stay. Absence of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), non-cancer-related immune deficiency, liver failure, male sex, septic shock, and bleeding at ICU admission were associated with the development of thrombocytopenia during ICU stay. Among patients with thrombocytopenia, 22.6% received platelet transfusion(s), and 64.3% of in-ICU transfusions were prophylactic. Patients with thrombocytopenia had higher occurrences of bleeding and death, fewer days alive without the use of life-support, and fewer days alive and out of hospital. Thrombocytopenia at ICU admission was associated with 90-day mortality (adjusted odds ratio 1.7; 95% CI 1.19-2.42).CONCLUSION: Thrombocytopenia occurred in 43% of critically ill patients and was associated with worse outcomes including increased mortality. Platelet transfusions were given to 23% of patients with thrombocytopenia and most were prophylactic.
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| 10. |
- Becher, Nina, et al.
(författare)
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Anticoagulation with edoxaban in patients with long atrial high-rate episodes ≥24 h
- 2024
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal. - : Oxford University Press. - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 45:10, s. 837-849
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Patients with long atrial high-rate episodes (AHRE) ≥ 24 hours and stroke risk factors are often treated with anticoagulation for stroke prevention. Anticoagulation has never been compared to no anticoagulation in these patients.METHODS: This secondary prespecified analysis of NOAH-AFNET 6 examined interactions between AHRE duration at baseline and anticoagulation with edoxaban compared to placebo in patients with AHRE and stroke risk factors. The primary efficacy outcome was a composite of stroke, systemic embolism, or cardiovascular death. The safety outcome was a composite of major bleeding and death. Key secondary outcomes were components of these outcomes and ECG-diagnosed atrial fibrillation.RESULTS: AHRE ≥24 hours were present at baseline in 259/2389 patients enrolled in NOAH-AFNET 6 (11%, 78 ± 7 years old, 28% women, CHA2DS2-VASc score 4). Clinical characteristics were not different from patients with shorter AHRE. During a median follow-up of 1.8 years, the primary outcome occurred in 9/132 patients with AHRE ≥24 hours (4.3%/patient-year, 2 strokes) treated with anticoagulation and in 14/127 patients treated with placebo (6.9%/patient-year, 2 strokes). AHRE duration did not interact with the efficacy (p-interaction = 0.65) or safety (p-interaction = 0.98) of anticoagulation. Analyses including AHRE as a continuous parameter confirmed this. Patients with AHRE ≥24 hours developed more ECG-diagnosed atrial fibrillation (17.0%/patient-year) than patients with shorter AHRE (8.2%/patient-year; p < 0.001).CONCLUSIONS: This hypothesis-generating analysis does not find an interaction between AHRE duration and anticoagulation therapy in patients with device-detected AHRE and stroke risk factors. Further research is needed to identify patients with long AHRE at high stroke risk.
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