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| 2. |
- Ludvigsson, Johnny, et al.
(författare)
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GAD65 antigen therapy in recently diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus
- 2012
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Ingår i: New England Journal of Medicine. - : Massachusetts Medical Society. - 0028-4793 .- 1533-4406. ; 366:5, s. 433-442
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The 65-kD isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) is a major autoantigen in type 1 diabetes. We hypothesized that alum-formulated GAD65 (GAD-alum) can preserve beta-cell function in patients with recent-onset type 1 diabetes.METHODS: We studied 334 patients, 10 to 20 years of age, with type 1 diabetes, fasting C-peptide levels of more than 0.3 ng per milliliter (0.1 nmol per liter), and detectable serum GAD65 autoantibodies. Within 3 months after diagnosis, patients were randomly assigned to receive one of three study treatments: four doses of GAD-alum, two doses of GAD-alum followed by two doses of placebo, or four doses of placebo. The primary outcome was the change in the stimulated serum C-peptide level (after a mixed-meal tolerance test) between the baseline visit and the 15-month visit. Secondary outcomes included the glycated hemoglobin level, mean daily insulin dose, rate of hypoglycemia, and fasting and maximum stimulated C-peptide levels.RESULTS: The stimulated C-peptide level declined to a similar degree in all study groups, and the primary outcome at 15 months did not differ significantly between the combined active-drug groups and the placebo group (P=0.10). The use of GAD-alum as compared with placebo did not affect the insulin dose, glycated hemoglobin level, or hypoglycemia rate. Adverse events were infrequent and mild in the three groups, with no significant differences.CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with GAD-alum did not significantly reduce the loss of stimulated C peptide or improve clinical outcomes over a 15-month period.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Early vaccination with Improvac® - effects on performance and behaviour of male pigs
- 2012
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Ingår i: Animal. - 1751-7311 .- 1751-732X. ; 6, s. 87-95
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of giving a two-dose regimen of gonadotropin-releasing hormone vaccine, Improvac (R) (Pfizer Ltd), earlier than currently recommended, on performance and behaviour of growing/finishing pigs. Cross-bred male pigs (n = 5192) were randomly allocated, within a litter, into four groups at birth: one group of pigs surgically castrated without anaesthesia before one week of age, a second group of early vaccinated pigs given Improvac at 10 and 14 weeks of age, a third group of standard vaccinated pigs given Improvac at 16 and 20 weeks of age, so that the second vaccination was given 4 to 6 weeks before slaughter as recommended by the manufacturer, and a fourth group of entire male pigs. The experiment started when the pigs were 12 weeks old and lasted until 25 weeks of age, when the pigs were slaughtered. The pigs were fed restrictedly. Daily weight gain and feed conversion during the entire raising period did not differ significantly between groups. Estimated lean meat content of early vaccinated and surgically castrated pigs was lower when compared with entire male pigs, whereas standard vaccinated pigs did not differ from entire males. Dressing percentage was higher in early vaccinated and surgically castrated pigs than in standard vaccinated and entire male pigs, partly because of lower size and weight of reproductive organs. For both groups of vaccinated pigs, both problematic and non-problematic behaviours decreased after their second injection, from the levels of entire males to those of surgically castrated pigs. After the second injection, pigs of both vaccination groups performed no mountings, in contrast with entire male pigs of the same age. Skin lesions at slaughter were fewer and less severe for vaccinated pigs compared with entire male pigs. No difference in income per carcass was observed for surgically castrated or vaccinated pigs. However, for entire male pigs the income was lower, as the payment system in Sweden also takes into consideration the additional cost for boar taint analyses and reduced payment for tainted carcasses. Under our experimental conditions, early vaccination with Improvac can be used as an alternative to the recommended schedule to minimise problematic behaviour with unaffected profitability.
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| 4. |
- Andrekson, Peter, 1960, et al.
(författare)
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Phase-Sensitive Fiber-Optic Parametric Amplifiers and their Applications (Invited paper)
- 2010
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Ingår i: Proc. European Conference on Optical Communications (ECOC). - 9781424485352 ; 1-2, s. We.6.E.1-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We review some fundamental and practical aspects of fiber-optic parametric amplifiers (FOPAs). In particular, their unique phase-sensitive amplification ability along with the corresponding ultralow noise figure will be discussed. Applications of both phase-insensitive and phase-sensitive FOPAs will also be covered.
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| 7. |
- Björck, Lennart, et al.
(författare)
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Tveksam vinst med ekolantbruk
- 2009
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Ingår i: Svenska dagbladet. - 1101-2412. ; -
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Brunius, Carl, et al.
(författare)
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Skatole metabolites in urine as a biological marker of pigs with enhanced hepatic metabolism
- 2016
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Ingår i: Animal. - 1751-7311 .- 1751-732X. ; 10, s. 1734-1740
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Boar taint is a quality defect in meat, related to accumulation of skatole and androstenone in male pigs. The levels of skatole and its main metabolites in plasma and urine samples were measured with a validated liquid chromatography-MS method and related to activity of hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP450) in order to identify fast metabolizing' pigs. Urine (n=46), blood (n=12), liver (n=25) and adipose tissue (n=46) were sampled from a total of 46 entire male pigs. Skatole levels in fat were negatively correlated to CYP2E1 activity and positively to 3-hydroxy-3-methyloxindole (HMOI), indole-3-carboxylic acid (ICA) and 2-aminoacetophenone in urine. HMOI and ICA levels in urine were the best predictors of high skatole levels in fat. In summary, the present study provided further evidence for the key role of CYP2E1 in skatole metabolism and suggested that measurement of HMOI and/or ICA in urine might provide information about skatole levels in live pigs.
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| 10. |
- Chavez Boggio, José Manuel, et al.
(författare)
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Double-pumped FOPA with 40 dB flat gain over 81 nm bandwidth
- 2008
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Ingår i: ECOC 2008, 21-25 September 2008, Brussels, Belgium. ; , s. Tu.3.B.5-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report the construction and characterization of a record performance continuous-wave double-pumpedfiber-optical parametric amplifier exhibiting 40 dB flat gain over 81nm bandwidth.
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