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- Ludvigsson, Johnny, et al.
(författare)
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GAD65 antigen therapy in recently diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus
- 2012
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Ingår i: New England Journal of Medicine. - : Massachusetts Medical Society. - 0028-4793 .- 1533-4406. ; 366:5, s. 433-442
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The 65-kD isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) is a major autoantigen in type 1 diabetes. We hypothesized that alum-formulated GAD65 (GAD-alum) can preserve beta-cell function in patients with recent-onset type 1 diabetes.METHODS: We studied 334 patients, 10 to 20 years of age, with type 1 diabetes, fasting C-peptide levels of more than 0.3 ng per milliliter (0.1 nmol per liter), and detectable serum GAD65 autoantibodies. Within 3 months after diagnosis, patients were randomly assigned to receive one of three study treatments: four doses of GAD-alum, two doses of GAD-alum followed by two doses of placebo, or four doses of placebo. The primary outcome was the change in the stimulated serum C-peptide level (after a mixed-meal tolerance test) between the baseline visit and the 15-month visit. Secondary outcomes included the glycated hemoglobin level, mean daily insulin dose, rate of hypoglycemia, and fasting and maximum stimulated C-peptide levels.RESULTS: The stimulated C-peptide level declined to a similar degree in all study groups, and the primary outcome at 15 months did not differ significantly between the combined active-drug groups and the placebo group (P=0.10). The use of GAD-alum as compared with placebo did not affect the insulin dose, glycated hemoglobin level, or hypoglycemia rate. Adverse events were infrequent and mild in the three groups, with no significant differences.CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with GAD-alum did not significantly reduce the loss of stimulated C peptide or improve clinical outcomes over a 15-month period.
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| 4. |
- Ahlbeck Bergendahl, Ida, et al.
(författare)
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Fisk- och skaldjursbestånd i hav och sötvatten 2017 : Resursöversikt
- 2017
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I rapporten kan du ta del av bedömningen som görs av situationen för bestånd som regleras inom ramen för EU:s gemensamma fiskeripolitik (GFP). Bedömningarna baseras på det forskningssamarbete och den rådgivning som sker inom det Internationella Havsforskningsrådet (ICES).De bestånd som förvaltas nationellt baseras på de biologiska underlagen, och rådgivningen i huvudsak på den forskning och övervakning samt analys som bedrivs av Institutionen för akvatiska resurser vid Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet (SLU Aqua) samt yrkesfiskets rapportering.Rapporten omfattar 41 fiskarter och sju skaldjursarter.Nytt för i år är att vi även beskriver fritidsfisket mer utförligt. Det fisket får allt större betydelse för utvecklingen av många av Sveriges bestånd av fisk- och skaldjur, till exempel sötvattens- och kustlevande arter som abborre, gädda, gös, lax, röding och öring, liksom marina arter som torsk och hummerÖversikten är utarbetad av SLU Aqua på uppdrag av Havs- och vattenmyndigheten.
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| 5. |
- Ahmad, Nouman, et al.
(författare)
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Automatic segmentation of large-scale CT image datasets for detailed body composition analysis
- 2023
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Ingår i: BMC BIOINFORMATICS. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-2105. ; 24:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundBody composition (BC) is an important factor in determining the risk of type 2-diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Computed tomography (CT) is a useful imaging technique for studying BC, however manual segmentation of CT images is time-consuming and subjective. The purpose of this study is to develop and evaluate fully automated segmentation techniques applicable to a 3-slice CT imaging protocol, consisting of single slices at the level of the liver, abdomen, and thigh, allowing detailed analysis of numerous tissues and organs.MethodsThe study used more than 4000 CT subjects acquired from the large-scale SCAPIS and IGT cohort to train and evaluate four convolutional neural network based architectures: ResUNET, UNET++, Ghost-UNET, and the proposed Ghost-UNET++. The segmentation techniques were developed and evaluated for automated segmentation of the liver, spleen, skeletal muscle, bone marrow, cortical bone, and various adipose tissue depots, including visceral (VAT), intraperitoneal (IPAT), retroperitoneal (RPAT), subcutaneous (SAT), deep (DSAT), and superficial SAT (SSAT), as well as intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT). The models were trained and validated for each target using tenfold cross-validation and test sets.ResultsThe Dice scores on cross validation in SCAPIS were: ResUNET 0.964 (0.909-0.996), UNET++ 0.981 (0.927-0.996), Ghost-UNET 0.961 (0.904-0.991), and Ghost-UNET++ 0.968 (0.910-0.994). All four models showed relatively strong results, however UNET++ had the best performance overall. Ghost-UNET++ performed competitively compared to UNET++ and showed a more computationally efficient approach.ConclusionFully automated segmentation techniques can be successfully applied to a 3-slice CT imaging protocol to analyze multiple tissues and organs related to BC. The overall best performance was achieved by UNET++, against which Ghost-UNET++ showed competitive results based on a more computationally efficient approach. The use of fully automated segmentation methods can reduce analysis time and provide objective results in large-scale studies of BC.
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| 6. |
- Andersson, Anders G., et al.
(författare)
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Flow through a two-scale porosity material
- 2009
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Ingår i: Research Letters in Materials Science. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1687-6822 .- 1687-6830.
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Flow through a two-scale porous medium is here investigated by a unique comparison between simulations performed with computational fluid dynamics and the boundary element method with microparticle image velocimetry in model geometries.
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| 7. |
- Andersson, Anders G., et al.
(författare)
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Fluid flow through porous media with dual scale porosity
- 2008
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on Transport Phenomena (ISTP-19). - : University of Iceland, Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Flow in two scale porous media takes place in applications such as advanced composites manufacturing. Knowledge of this flow is of general importance and is crucial for filtration mechanisms when functional filler-particles are added to the liquid resin impregnating the fibrous preform. Means to model and experimentally visualise this flow is here investigated. In particular simulations performed with computational fluid dynamics and the boundary element method are compared to micro particle image velocimetry in a model geometry.
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| 9. |
- Baart, Pieter, et al.
(författare)
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Contaminant particle migration in a double restriction seal
- 2013
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the STLE Annual Meeting and Exhibition 2013, Detroit MI, USA.. - : STLE. ; , s. 125-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Microparticle image velocimetry (μPIV) is used to measure the grease velocity profile in small seal-like geometries and the radial migration of contaminant particles is predicted. In the first part, the influence of shaft speed, grease type, and temperatures on the flow of lubricating greases in a narrow double restriction sealing pocket is evaluated. Such geometries can be found in, for example, labyrinth-type seals. In a wide pocket the velocity profile is one-dimensional and the Herschel-Bulkley model is used. In a narrow pocket, it is shown by the experimental results that the side walls have a significant influence on the grease flow, implying that the grease velocity profile is two-dimensional. In this area, a single empirical grease parameter for the rheology is sufficient to describe the velocity profile.In the second part, the radial migration of contaminant particles through the grease is evaluated. Centrifugal forces acting on a solid spherical particle are calculated from the grease velocity profile. Consequently, particles migrate to a larger radius and finally settle when the grease viscosity becomes large due to the low shear rate. This behavior is important for the sealing function of the grease in the pocket and relubrication
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