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- Chaminade, Cristina, et al.
(författare)
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Science, Technology and Innovation Policy – old patterns and new challenges
- 2019
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Ingår i: Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Business and Management. - : Oxford University Press.
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Scientific advance and innovation are major sources of economic growth and are crucial for making development socially and environmentally sustainable. A critical question is: Will private enterprises invest sufficiently in research technological development and innovation and, if not, to what degree and how should governments engage in the support of science, technology, and innovation? While neoclassical economists point to market failure as the main rationale for innovation policy, evolutionary economists point to the role of government in building stronger innovation systems and creating wider opportunities for innovation. Research shows that the transmission mechanisms between scientific advance and innovation are complex and indirect. There are other equally important sources of innovation including experience-based learning. Innovation is increasingly seen as a systemic process, where the feedback from users needs to be taken into account when designing public policy. Science and innovation policy may aim at accelerating knowledge production along well-established trajectories, or it may aim at giving new direction to the production and use of knowledge. It may be focused exclusively on economic growth, or it may give attention to impact on social inclusion and the natural environment. An emerging topic is to what extent national perspectives continue to be relevant in a globalizing learning economy facing multiple global complex challenges, including the issue of climate change. Scholars point to a movement toward transformative innovation policy and global knowledge sharing as a response to current challenges.
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- Fagerberg, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Global Value Chains, National Innovation Systems and Economic Development
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Journal of Development Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0957-8811 .- 1743-9728. ; 30:3, s. 533-556
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to examine the hypothesis that increased participation in global value chains (GVCs), such as assembly of imported parts for exports, leads to higher economic growth. The focus is particularly on the extent to which this holds for low-income countries, and the role that capability-building, i.e. development of the national innovation system, plays in the possibility of benefitting from GVCs. The analysis is based on evidence from 125 countries over the period 1997–2013. To analyse the issue, a comprehensive framework that allows for inclusion of a range of relevant factors, including GVC participation (measured by the foreign value added embodied in a country’s exports), is applied. The results suggest that countries that increase GVC participation do not grow faster than other countries, when other relevant factors are controlled for. Small countries, and countries with low capabilities, appear to be particularly disadvantaged.
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- Gu, Shulin, et al.
(författare)
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China’s innovation system : ten years on
- 2016
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Ingår i: Innovation: Management, Policy and Practice. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1447-9338. ; 18:4, s. 441-448
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In their 2006 article on innovation in China in this journal, Gu and Lundvall pointed to some weaknesses and challenges for China’s growth and they also outlined ideas for policy action to overcome those. In this short note, written in collaboration with Sylvia Schwag Serger, they go back and assess China's social and economic development in the 10 years that followed in the light of their original analysis of challenges and ideas for policy action.
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- Lundvall, Bengt Åke, et al.
(författare)
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China's catching-up in artificial intelligence seen as a co-evolution of corporate and national innovation systems
- 2022
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Ingår i: Research Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0048-7333. ; 51:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inspired by Christopher Freeman's work on how radical technical change opens up for shifts in world leadership and on the role of innovation systems in this process, this paper explores China's emergence as a lead country in artificial intelligence as reflecting a co-evolution of Corporate and National Innovation Systems. Taking Freeman's (1987) work on Japan as our lead, we focus on the domestic interaction within and on the openness of China's national innovation system. To follow up on his prediction of the increasing importance of big companies as network leaders, we introduce the concept “corporate innovation system” with special attention to two Chinese tech giants: Alibaba and Tencent.
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- Lundvall, Bengt-Åke
(författare)
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Development strategies in a context of world system disorder
- 2023
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The world has been through several major crises since the beginning of the new millennium and the old-world order, with the US as hegemonic power, is challenged by the rise of China. There has been a reversal of, as well as directional change in, the globalization trend. A weakening of international collaboration is taking place against a backdrop of global challenges such as climate change, digital revolution and global inequality, challenges calling for coordinated action. Starting from a knowledge-based world system perspective, the paper reflects on, what this means for innovation and development strategies in the South. Which are the main threats and opportunities in the current era? Which lessons can be drawn from the rise of China? What are the implications for research agendas?
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- Lundvall, Bengt åke, et al.
(författare)
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Epilogue : Which way now?
- 2009
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Ingår i: Handbook of Innovation Systems and Developing Countries: Building Domestic Capabilities in a Global Setting. - 9781847206091 ; , s. 380-386
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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