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- Andin, Josefine, 1979-, et al.
(author)
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Arithmetic in the adult deaf signing brain
- 2020
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In: Journal of Neuroscience Research. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0360-4012 .- 1097-4547. ; 98:4, s. 643-654
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We have previously shown that deaf signers recruit partially different brain regions during simple arithmetic compared to a group of hearing non-signers, despite similar performance. Specifically, hearing individuals show more widespread activation in brain areas that have been related to the verbal system of numerical processing, i.e., the left angular and inferior frontal gyrus, whereas deaf individuals engaged brain areas that have been related to the quantity system of numerical processing, i.e., the right horizontal intraparietal sulcus. This indicates that compared to hearing non-signers, deaf signers can successfully make use of processes located in partially different brain areas during simple arithmetic. In this study, which is a conceptual replication and extension of the above-presented study, the main aim is to understand similarities and differences in neural correlates supporting arithmetic in deaf compared to hearing individuals. The primary objective is to investigate the role of the right horizontal intraparietal gyrus, the left inferior frontal gyrus, the hippocampus, and the left angular gyrus during simple and difficult arithmetic and how these regions are connected to each other. A second objective is to explore what other brain regions support arithmetic in deaf signers. Up to 34 adult deaf signers and the same amount of hearing non-signers will be enrolled in an functional magnetic resonance imaging study that will include simple and difficult subtraction and multiplication. Brain imaging data will be analyzed using whole-brain analysis, region of interest analysis and connectivity analysis. This is the first study to investigate neural underpinnings of arithmetic of different difficulties in deaf individuals.
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| 2. |
- Andin, Josefine, 1979-, et al.
(author)
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Arithmetic in the signing brain : Differences and similarities in arithmetic processing between deaf signers and hearing non-signers
- 2023
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In: Journal of Neuroscience Research. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0360-4012 .- 1097-4547. ; 101:1, s. 172-195
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Deaf signers and hearing non-signers have previously been shown to recruit partially different brain regions during simple arithmetic. In light of the triple code model, the differences were interpreted as relating to stronger recruitment of the verbal system of numerical processing, that is, left angular and inferior frontal gyrus, in hearing non-signers, and of the quantity system of numerical processing, that is, right horizontal intraparietal sulcus, for deaf signers. The main aim of the present study was to better understand similarities and differences in the neural correlates supporting arithmetic in deaf compared to hearing individuals. Twenty-nine adult deaf signers and 29 hearing non-signers were enrolled in an functional magnetic resonance imaging study of simple and difficult subtraction and multiplication. Brain imaging data were analyzed using whole-brain analysis, region of interest analysis, and functional connectivity analysis. Although the groups were matched on age, gender, and nonverbal intelligence, the deaf group performed generally poorer than the hearing group in arithmetic. Nevertheless, we found generally similar networks to be involved for both groups, the only exception being the involvement of the left inferior frontal gyrus. This region was activated significantly stronger for the hearing compared to the deaf group but showed stronger functional connectivity with the left superior temporal gyrus in the deaf, compared to the hearing, group. These results lend no support to increased recruitment of the quantity system in deaf signers. Perhaps the reason for performance differences is to be found in other brain regions not included in the original triple code model.
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| 4. |
- Asp, Filip, et al.
(author)
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A longitudinal study of the bilateral benefit in children with bilateral cochlear implants
- 2015
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In: International Journal of Audiology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 54:2, s. 77-88
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To study the development of the bilateral benefit in children using bilateral cochlear implants by measurements of speech recognition and sound localization.DESIGN: Bilateral and unilateral speech recognition in quiet, in multi-source noise, and horizontal sound localization was measured at three occasions during a two-year period, without controlling for age or implant experience. Longitudinal and cross-sectional analyses were performed. Results were compared to cross-sectional data from children with normal hearing.STUDY SAMPLE: Seventy-eight children aged 5.1-11.9 years, with a mean bilateral cochlear implant experience of 3.3 years and a mean age of 7.8 years, at inclusion in the study. Thirty children with normal hearing aged 4.8-9.0 years provided normative data.RESULTS: For children with cochlear implants, bilateral and unilateral speech recognition in quiet was comparable whereas a bilateral benefit for speech recognition in noise and sound localization was found at all three test occasions. Absolute performance was lower than in children with normal hearing. Early bilateral implantation facilitated sound localization.CONCLUSIONS: A bilateral benefit for speech recognition in noise and sound localization continues to exist over time for children with bilateral cochlear implants, but no relative improvement is found after three years of bilateral cochlear implant experience.
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| 6. |
- Asp, Filip, et al.
(author)
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Bilateral versus unilateral cochlear implants in children: Speech recognition, sound localization, and parental reports
- 2012
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In: International Journal of Audiology. - : Informa Healthcare. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 51:11, s. 817-832
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: To compare bilateral and unilateral speech recognition in quiet and in multi-source noise, and horizontal sound localization of low and high frequency sounds in children with bilateral cochlear implants. Design: Bilateral performance was compared to performance of the implanted side with the best monaural speech recognition in quiet result. Parental reports were collected in a questionnaire. Results from the CI children were compared to binaural and monaural performance of normal-hearing peers. Study sample: Sixty-four children aged 5.1-11.9 years who were daily users of bilateral cochlear implants. Thirty normal-hearing children aged 4.8-9.0 years were recruited as controls. Results and Conclusions : Group data showed a statistically significant bilateral speech recognition and sound localization benefit, both behaviorally and in parental reports. The bilateral speech recognition benefit was smaller in quiet than in noise. The majority of subjects localized high and low frequency sounds significantly better than chance using bilateral implants, while localization accuracy was close to chance using unilateral implants. Binaural normal-hearing performance was better than bilateral performance in implanted children across tests, while bilaterally implanted children showed better localization than normal-hearing children under acute monaural conditions.
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| 9. |
- Badache, Andreea, 1991-
(author)
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Beyond the Years : Exploring the role of sensory functions and cognitive abilities in shaping the patterns of old age disabilities and successful aging in an aging population in Sweden and Denmark: An epidemiological perspective of disability
- 2023
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- AIMS: This research project aims to review the lay perspectives of older adults 75 and above regarding successful aging, as well as estimate the prevalence of sensory difficulties by different subgroups, explore the role of cognition and sensory function in explaining decreasing disability trends over time in Sweden and Denmark and, lastly, longitudinally examine the sensory-cognitive relation in older adults. METHODS: For Study I, a systematic review was conducted, while for Study II the prevalence of sensory functions was estimated. For Study III, the Karlson Holm Breen method was used, whereas Study IV applied a cross-lagged panel model. RESULTS: This research indicates that younger and older adults have different definitions of successful aging, with themes of life, death, and environmental/system influences being important for those aged 75 and above (Study I). Study II shows that the prevalence of sensory difficulties in old age varies among subgroups, and Study III reveals a decreasing prevalence of disability in Sweden and Denmark, attributed to cognitive function, education, reading ability, and hearing ability. Finally, Study IV highlights a reciprocal relationship between sensory functions and cognition among older adults, with better cognitive function associated with better hearing and vision scores over time. DISCUSSION: This research underlines the need for policymakers to cater to the diverse needs of different generations based on gender differences, environmental factors, and access to healthcare and social services. Study II reveals a higher prevalence of sensory difficulties among certain subgroups, which could be targeted by specific interventions. Study III and IV indicate that preserving good sensory functions may mitigate cognitive decline, with interventions including vision and hearing aids and surgeries potentially delaying cognitive decline.
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