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| 2. |
- Bursztein Lipsicas, Cendrine, et al.
(författare)
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Immigration and suicidality in the young.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Canadian journal of psychiatry. - : SAGE Publications. - 0706-7437 .- 1497-0015. ; 55:5, s. 274-281
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Little research has focused on the relation of immigration and suicidal behaviour in youth. Nevertheless, the impact of migration on the mental health of youth is an issue of increasing societal importance. This review aimed to present studies on the prevalence of suicidal behaviour in immigrant youth in various countries and to provide possible explanations for suicidal behaviour in immigrant youth, especially regarding acculturation.METHODS: The review included a literature search to locate articles on the subject of suicidal behaviour in immigrant youth in the context of acculturation.RESULTS: Studies on suicidal behaviour in culturally diverse youth are few and most of the existing research does not differentiate ethnic minorities from immigrants. Studies on epidemiology and on specific risk factors were found regarding various immigrant youth including Hispanics in the United States, Asians in North America and Europe, as well as comparative studies between different immigrant groups in specific countries.CONCLUSIONS: The relation between immigration status and suicidal behaviours in youth appears to vary by ethnicity and country of settlement. Time spent in the new country as well as intergenerational communication and conflicts with parents have, in many of the studies, been related to suicidality in immigrant youth. Summing up, there is a clear and urgent need to further pursue the work in this field, to develop targeted public health interventions as well as psychosocial treatment for preventing suicide in these youth.
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| 3. |
- Chabosseau, Tom
(författare)
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Sailing or Sinking Together : Container Shipping in Digital Platform Capitalism
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis addresses the classical research problem of collaboration among competing actors in the context of digital platform capitalism. This study investigates how ocean carriers attempted, and sometimes managed, to set standards, exchange data, and jointly develop supply chain management platforms despite the alleged risks of doing so. Using a mixed methods research design articulating quantitative and qualitative analysis, the investigation sheds light on how the incumbent company that launched those two initiatives engaged in meaning-making processes with the challengers it hoped to get on board. Following those meaning-making processes illustrates the hurdles for field-dominating actors to stimulate collaboration as their position is perceived by other actors as resulting from predatory practices and thereby casts doubts on the nature of their actual motives. The thesis first provides an analysis of the structure of the field of container shipping by characterising the variety of positions it contains and their relationships. The aim is to set the stage for the second part of the research design that delves into the emergence of two digital initiatives: the Digital Container Shipping Association (DCSA) and Tradelens. The first initiative consisted of the establishment of an industry-wide organisation to provide container shipping with a set of standards, while the second had the ambition to serve as a for-profit digital infrastructure for the exchange of information on container journeys. The emergence of digital collaboration traces back to the activities of a group of IT executives in search of solutions to their common issues outside the boundaries of their organisations. While that professional group succeeded in making standardisation a key concern for the industry, as shown by the establishment of DCSA, the exchange of standardised data turned out to be much more problematic. The case of Tradelens underlines the boundaries of digital collaboration in a competitive field. While the incumbent that launched the platform managed to alleviate doubts about its willingness to derive a competitive advantage from the platform, it never managed to do it to the extent where the platform would gain operational traction. This study adds new knowledge to the field of digital platform capitalism by turning the attention to a case where platforms affect interfirm relationships by increasing the need for collaboration and by showing the utility, against technological-centred approaches, to rely on the tools of neo-institutional theories to grasp how technological change is embedded in the long-term trajectory of an industry.
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| 4. |
- Duntava, Aija, 1985-
(författare)
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A View on the Invisible : A Study of Relationships between Different Aspects of Health in Populations
- 2024
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis studies relationships between different aspects of health. Health is a multi-faceted concept consisting of various aspects: most commonly morbidity, functional limitation, subjective health, and mortality. The relationships between these aspects, however, are not fully understood, so this thesis aims at contributing to our knowledge on the topic. Three studies are included, each with a particular aim within the general objective.The first study is a systematic review of the articles that have attempted to study more than two aspects of health in one model. The review maps out the field of study, presenting and summarising the results of the articles selected to review, thereby also highlighting gaps in the research. One of its conclusions is that studies approaching health as one interconnected system are rare and that the relationships between the different aspects of health do not consistently show significant effects on each other. Additionally, many population groups in terms of age and place of residence are understudied. The findings from the systematic review have largely guided the scientific curiosity of the following two empirical studies.The second study proposes and tests a parsimonious model of health structure consisting of morbidity, functional limitation, and subjective health on the adult respondents of European Social Survey (n=32,679) using structural equation modelling. The findings suggest that, in general, the proposed model holds true but there are age and gender differences in the health structure.The third study explores the variations in the health structure of the adult population in 17 countries in three European regions (North, East, and West). The results show that the model does not apply in all the studied groups across the regions. Clear gender difference in health structure exist in the Western and Northern parts of Europe but not in the East. As to age groups, the analyses show that young adults are similar in their health structure across the regions while there are regional differences between the other two age groups.This thesis shows that it is necessary to study the relationships between different aspects of health as one interconnected system. Furthermore, when health is at centre of scientific inquiry its multiple dimensions as well as age, gender, and regional variations should be acknowledged and taken into account.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Duntava, Aija, et al.
(författare)
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The structure of health in Europe : The relationships between morbidity, functional limitation, and subjective health
- 2021
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Ingår i: SSM - Population Health. - : Elsevier. - 2352-8273. ; 16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The main objective of this study is to explore the relationships between the three commonly used proxies of health, morbidity, functional limitation, and subjective health, using the most recent data from 18 European countries. The existing studies on the topic are outdated, limited to the United States and to elderly population. Data on 32,679 respondents of the European Social Survey (2014) were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results suggest that (a) morbidity and functional limitation lead to poorer self-rated health, and (b) morbidity increases the probability of reporting functional limitation(s). Moreover, functional limitation mediates the relationship between morbidity and self-rated health. The model as a whole holds across both genders and all age groups. However, specific tests (SEM multi-group analyses, t-tests) show differences in the health structure between all seven subsamples compared with each other. When both gender and age are taken into account the differences in the structure of health seem to diminish, apart from the elderly, suggesting that the health structure of the elderly differs from others. It is recommended for policy planners to acknowledge the group differences when shaping the policies and health services.
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| 7. |
- Ferlander, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Social capital - a mixed blessing for women? A cross-sectional study of different forms of social relations and self-rated depression in Moscow
- 2016
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Ingår i: BMC Psychology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2050-7283. ; 4:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Depression is a major health problem worldwide, especially among women. The condition has been related to a number of factors, such as alcohol consumption, economic situation and, more recently, to social capital. However, there have been relatively few studies about the social capital-depression relationship in Eastern Europe. This paper aims to fill this gap by examining the association between different forms of social capital and self-rated depression in Moscow. Differences between men and women will also be examined, with a special focus on women.METHODS: Data was obtained from the Moscow Health Survey, which was conducted in 2004 with 1190 Muscovites aged 18 years or above. For depression, a single-item self-reported measure was used. Social capital was operationalised through five questions about different forms of social relations. Logistic regression analysis was undertaken to estimate the association between social capital and self-rated depression, separately for men and women.RESULTS: More women (48 %) than men (36 %) reported that they had felt depressed during the last year. An association was found between social capital and reported depression only among women. Women who were divorced or widowed or who had little contact with relatives had higher odds of reporting depression than those with more family contact. Women who regularly engaged with people from different age groups outside of their families were also more likely to report depression than those with less regular contact.CONCLUSIONS: Social capital can be a mixed blessing for women. Different forms of social relations can lead to different health outcomes, both positive and negative. Although the family is important for women's mental health in Moscow, extra-familial relations across age groups can be mentally distressing. This suggests that even though social capital can be a valuable resource for mental health, some of its forms can be mentally deleterious to maintain, especially for women. More research is needed on both sides to social capital. A special focus should be placed on bridging social relations among women in order to better understand the complex association between social capital and depression in Russia and elsewhere.
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| 8. |
- Ferlander, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Social capital, gender and self-rated health. Evidence from the Moscow Health Survey 2004
- 2009
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Ingår i: Social Science and Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 0277-9536 .- 1873-5347. ; 69:9, s. 1323-1332
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The state of public health in Russia is undoubtedly poor compared with other European countries. The health crisis that has characterised the transition period has been attributed to a number of factors, with an increasing interest being focused on the impact of social capital - or the lack of it. However, there have been relatively few studies of the relation between social capital and health in Russia, and especially in Moscow. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between social capital and self-rated health in Greater Moscow. The study draws on data from the Moscow Health Survey 2004, where 1190 Muscovites were interviewed. Our results indicate that among women, there is no relationship between any form of social capital and self-rated health. However, an association was detected between social capital outside the family and men’s self-rated health. Men who rarely or never visit friends and acquaintances are significantly more likely to report less than good health than those who visit more often. Likewise, men who are not members of any voluntary associations have significantly higher odds of reporting poorer health than those who are, while social capital in the family does not seem to be of importance at all. We suggest that these findings might be due to the different gender roles in Russia, and the different socializing patterns and values embedded in them. In addition, different forms of social capital provide access to different forms of resources, influence, and support. They also imply different obligations. These differences are highly relevant for health outcomes, both in Moscow and elsewhere.
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| 9. |
- Gäddman Johansson, Richard
(författare)
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Managing Vulnerability : Everyday Interaction in Sheltered Accommodations
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of this dissertation is to develop our understanding of the performance and management of vulnerability in social interaction. The term vulnerability is used frequently within a wide range of scholarly fields, however common conceptions of vulnerability have been criticized for containing normative assumptions about our propensities for being exposed to and capabilities for dealing with adverse events and experiences. Through ethnographic investigations carried out in sheltered accommodations for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities in Sweden, the dissertation seeks to challenge how scholarship on care and disability has approached matters of vulnerability. The analysis shows that vulnerability was performed in two distinct overarching forms: 1) vulnerability related to “situational uncertainty” perceived as a threat to individuals’ health and personal safety and 2) vulnerability related to “ritual automatization” perceived as a threat to individuals’ personal freedom and well-being. The study found that pervasive institutional demands for transparency, accountability, uniformity and self-monitoring were loudly echoed to be the formally sanctioned best course of action for managing vulnerability in the context of sheltered accommodations. However, the analysis suggests that these types of strategies only address vulnerabilities related to situational uncertainty, whereas they may do more to exaggerate vulnerabilities related to ritual automatization. By performing and managing vulnerability, service users and support workers participated in “interaction rituals” with socially stratifying effects based on the individuals’ perceived or assumed competences. By considering the positions, relationships, and encounters between service users and support workers who engage on an everyday basis in sheltered accommodations which are conceptualized as “vulnerability-based” and “chimeric” interventions for care and service provision, the dissertation opens new perspectives on the performance and management of vulnerability in social interaction.
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| 10. |
- Jukkala, Tanya, et al.
(författare)
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Acceptance of Suicide in Moscow
- 2010
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Ingår i: Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology. - Berlin : Springer. - 0933-7954 .- 1433-9285. ; 46:8, s. 753-765
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose Attitudes concerning the acceptability of suicidehave been emphasized as being important for understandingwhy levels of suicide mortality vary in different societiesacross the world. While Russian suicide mortalitylevels are among the highest in the world, not much isknown about attitudes to suicide in Russia. This study aimsto obtain a greater understanding about the levels andcorrelates of suicide acceptance in Russia.Methods Data from a survey of 1,190 Muscovites wereanalysed using logistic regression techniques. Suicideacceptance was examined among respondents in relation tosocial, economic and demographic factors as well as inrelation to attitudes towards other moral questions.Results The majority of interviewees (80%) expressedcondemnatory attitudes towards suicide, although menwere slightly less condemning. The young, the highereducated, and the non-religious were more accepting ofsuicide (OR[2). However, the two first-mentioned effectsdisappeared when controlling for tolerance, while a positiveeffect of lower education on suicide acceptanceappeared. When controlling for other independent variables,no significant effects were found on suicide attitudesby gender, one’s current family situation, or by healthrelatedor economic problems.Conclusions The most important determinants of therespondents’ attitudes towards suicide were their toleranceregarding other moral questions and their religiosity. Moretolerant views, in general, also seemed to explain the moreaccepting views towards suicide among the young and thehigher educated. Differences in suicide attitudes betweenthe sexes seemed to be dependent on differences in otherfactors rather than on gender per se. Suicide attitudes alsoseemed to be more affected by one’s earlier experiences interms of upbringing and socialization than by events andprocesses later in life.
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