| 1. |
- Abrahamsson, Marcus, et al.
(författare)
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Utveckling av kommunala risk- och sårbarhetsanalyser
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna rapport utgör redovisning av ett arbete som LUCRAM (Lunds universitets centrum för riskanalys och riskhantering) har genomfört på uppdrag av Myndigheten för samhällsskydd och beredskap (MSB). Uppdraget heter ”Studie om föreskrifters inverkan på kommuners risk- och sårbarhetsanalyser avseende jämförbarhet och enhetlighet”. Inom detta uppdrag har LUCRAM genomfört en dokumentstudie av kommunala risk- och sårbarhetsanalyser i Skåne och Örebro län, samt en enkätstudie riktad till kommunerna i ovanstående län. Syftet med studien har varit att undersöka om, och i så fall på vilket sätt, enhetligheten och jämförbarheten mellan olika kommunala risk- och sårbarhetsanalyser har ändrats i samband med införandet av MSB:s föreskrifter MSBFS 2010:6.
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| 2. |
- Anckarsäter, Rolf, 1956, et al.
(författare)
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Non-neurological surgery results in a neurochemical stress response.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0300-9564 .- 1435-1463. ; 115:3, s. 397-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a paucity of studies assessing changes in measures of human neurotransmission during stressful events, such as surgery. Thirty-five patients without any neurological disorders undergoing knee replacements with spinal bupivacaine anaesthesia and propofol sedation had cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drawn from a spinal catheter before, three hours after and the morning after surgery. The CSF concentrations of the dopamine metabolite homovanillinic acid (HVA) and the serotonin metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), which are related to the activity of the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems of the brain, increased sharply during surgery and reached 188% and 166% of their initial concentrations on the morning after the intervention (p < 0.0001). The CSF concentrations of the norepinephrine metabolite 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglucol (MHPG) increased modestly (non-significantly) during and after surgery. The HVA/5-HIAA ratios initially increased but returned to the initial level during the night after surgery. We conclude that non-neurological surgery, in this case to the lower limb, is accompanied by a marked central nervous stress response in spite of a spinal blockade.
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| 3. |
- Augustsson, Evelina, et al.
(författare)
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Density-dependent dinner: Wild boar overuse agricultural land at high densities
- 2024
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Ingår i: European Journal of Wildlife Research. - 1612-4642 .- 1439-0574. ; 70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Swedish wild boar (Sus scrofa) population has increased rapidly over the last decades, resulting in conflicts with human activities. Particularly, the increase has been challenging for agriculture as wild boar cause damage on crops and grasslands. To predict under what conditions to expect damage and where to prioritize management actions, basic knowledge about wild boar habitat and space use is needed. In this study, we used data from 99 wild boar equipped with GPS-collars, collected over a large temporal scale and throughout their distributional range in southern Sweden. We investigated wild boar home range size and habitat use across gradients of habitat availability and population density. Functional response in habitat use was assessed by estimating the use and availability of agricultural land on individual level and then, on population-level evaluating how use changed with changing availability. Finally, a potential response in habitat use was evaluated in relation to population density, i.e., the interaction between availability and population density. Home range size was negatively related to population density for both male and female wild boar. Wild boar used agricultural land more intensively with increasing population density and when other habitat types were less available. Our findings show that wild boar spatial behavior is highly context dependent and may vary considerably due to landscape characteristics and local conditions. Wild boars tend to overuse agricultural land at high densities which has strong implications for wildlife management. It is therefore important to consider local conditions when predicting space and habitat use by wild boar. Overall, this study provided a better understanding of the drivers of wild boar distribution and space use in agro-forested mosaic landscapes and how this knowledge can improve management practices.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Månsson, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Quantitative estimates of tree species selectivity by moose (Alces alces) in a forest landscape
- 2007
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0282-7581 .- 1651-1891. ; 22:5, s. 407-414
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An extensive literature is available on browsing preference for certain tree species. However, useful predictive tools for estimating the impact of deer on forests production and biodiversity can still be improved. A step in that direction is not only to rank preference among tree species but also to quantify the relative risk of being browsed. The foraging selectivity of moose was evaluated using three different statistical methods developed to study habitat utilization. The general pattern for the three methods was consistent. From the results, groups of forage species were clustered and a quantitative index of selectivity was calculated for the groups. The selectivity index showed that rowan (Sorbus aucuparia), willow (Salix ssp.) and aspen (Populus tremula) had a 14 times higher probability of being browsed than a group consisting of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and downy birch (Betula pubescens), while juniper (Juniperus communis) and silver birch (Betula pendula) had a 3.5 times higher probability than Scots pine and downy birch. Since the most preferred species were the least abundant, one should be cautious about the generality of the index between areas, as it may indicate that preference depends on plant species composition. The method used can easily be applied in forest management. Information on quantitative selectivity indices may improve the possibility of managing moose in accordance with acceptable browsing damage.
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| 6. |
- Månsson, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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On common terms with shared risks - Studying the communication of risk between local, regional and national authorities in Sweden
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-4209. ; 13:September 2015, s. 441-453
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Uncommon categorization, i.e. disparities in how similar terms and information is interpreted, coded and categorized, has been shown to impede inter-agency communication and collective sense-making. This study focuses on the presence and effects of uncommon categorizations in disaster risk management systems. We use the Swedish disaster risk management system as our case, and our empirical data consist of more than 120 reports from risk and vulnerability assessments, supplemented by 45 semi-qualitative interviews with officials who are involved in the realization of such assessments. Apart from investigating the causes and effects of uncommon categorization, we also map its extent and character, and its development between the years 2010 and 2014. The study shows that uncommon categorization is prevalent in the Swedish disaster risk management system. We argue that this has an extremely detrimental effect on the ability to integrate risk information, resulting in less useful bases for decisions and, thus, in a less efficient disaster risk management system. Nevertheless, we can also see signs of a reduction in uncommon categorization in recent years.
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| 7. |
- Tehler, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Standardization of disaster risk management - Challenges and opportunities
- 2019
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Ingår i: Standardization and Risk Governance : A Multi-Disciplinary Approach - A Multi-Disciplinary Approach. - London : Routledge. - 9780429290817 ; , s. 61-78
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter discusses the question of whether increasing the level of standardization in a disaster risk management system will increase its effectiveness. Based on the results from several studies conducted in the context of the Swedish disaster risk management system, the authors argue that there are both positive and negative effects of increased standardization. More precisely, studies based on experiments indicate that increasing the extent of standardization of risk descriptions will probably facilitate the work of combining several sources of information in a risk assessment. But a study based on interviews and document reviews indicates that increasing the level of standardization might also lead to a reduction of motivation to conduct risk assessments. Thus, although increasing the level of standardization in a disaster risk management context might be an opportunity to facilitate the work of assessing risk, it might also result in new challenges.
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| 8. |
- Ahlgren, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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De stora restaureringarna : Från Uppsala domkyrka till Skokloster
- 2004
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- De stora restaureringarna har varit årets tema. Genom att dokumentera och analysera teori och praktik i några av 1800- och 1900-talets största restaureringar - från genomgripande stilrestaureringar till ett mer återhållsamt och tekniskt skonsamt synsätt. Därmed får vi också ett bättre underlag även för dagens ställningstagande.Föremål för våra studier är Uppsala domkyrka, Gripsholms slott, Vreta klosterkyrka, Gustav 11I:s paviljong i Haga, Kungapalatset i Vadstena och Skoklosters slott. Vi hoppas att denna utställning skall bidra till en kritisk hållning och en ökad kunskap om restaureringskonsten, som kvalificerad yrkesuppgift, tidsspegel för historiesyn och som gestaltningsideal.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Andren, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Using citizen data in a population model to estimate population size of moose (Alces alces)
- 2022
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Ingår i: Ecological Modelling. - : Elsevier BV. - 0304-3800 .- 1872-7026. ; 471
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Long-term and wide-ranging citizen science programs provide a unique opportunity to monitor wildlife populations and trends through time while encouraging stakeholder participation, engagement, and trust. Hunter observations is such a program that in Sweden is used on a regular basis to monitor population trends of moose. However, hunter observations are not reliable to determine the actual population size. We developed a mechanistic moose population model that integrated citizen science data and used it at various geographical scales to estimate moose population size between 2012 and 2020. A sensitivity analysis, specifically performed for recruitment, adult sex ratio and calf sex ratio, showed that the simulated population size was most sensitive for variation in recruitment. According to the results, Sweden had a total moose population of -311 000 (+/- 4%) individuals pre-hunt and -228 000 (+/- 4%) post-hunt in 2020. The post-hunt moose abundance has decreased nationwide with 15%, from 0.72 to 0.61 moose per km2 during the 2012 - 2020 period. The present post-hunt moose density was estimated at 0.39, 0.78, 0.84 and 0.54 per km2 for the regions northernmost, northern, central and southern Sweden, respectively. The simulation model can be used for strategic and operative management at various geographical scales and is publicly available. By integrating citizen data with a mechanistic population model, a new low-cost method of estimating population size and relevant population dynamics was established.
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