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- Rytzler, Johannes, 1976-
(författare)
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Teaching as Attention Formation : A Relational Approach to Teaching and Attention
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of the thesis is to put forth and explore a notion of teaching as a practice of attention formation. Drawing on educational philosophy and the Didaktik/Pädagogik-traditions, teaching is explored as a relational and lived-though practice that can promote, form, and share attention. In the context of teaching, attention is connected to the acts of showing and observing. As such, teaching can be seen as a complex of relations that emerges through the intersection of the intentions of the one who is showing and the one who is observing. This intersection creates a tension between the self-active student and the paths made possible for this self-activity. The pedagogical dimension of this tension can be expressed through the principles of the summons to self-activity and Bildsamkeit. By turning to some key-texts of the French philosopher Jacques Rancière, I explore how the notion of teaching as attention formation can be understood from within a radical relational perspective on education and also how attention itself can be thought of as an educational phenomenon. From this critical relational perspective, where the relation is seen as constitutive of educational situations and where the possibility for uniqueness, difference, and freedom are regarded as central characteristics for a democratic conception (and ethical realization) of education, I interpret Rancière’s notions of intellectual emancipation and partage du sensible as political/aesthetic analogues to the summons to self-activity and Bildsamkeit, respectively. While the event of intellectual emancipation, although constituted relationally, mainly addresses the unique attentive subject, the notion of le partage du sensible draws attention to the larger and shared context in which this event takes place. In the thesis, teaching as attention formation is addressed as a relational phenomenon in which the unique and irreplaceable subject is called into being and is given space to respond to the summons of the surrounding world and to strive against the materiality of that very same world. It is suggested that attention formation might be the educational event when someone, as a unique other, is called into presence and is given room to claim and to speak for his or her interest. It is an event made possible by those teachers who have the sensibility to discover its coming, the courage to let it happen, and the strength to accept the consequences of it.
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| 2. |
- Cattaneo, Matteo Enrico
(författare)
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Woandering towards places of imagination : Reflections through anarchism on the role of educators in early childhood education
- 2024
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation proposes a reading into the transformative potential of woandering, anarchism and storytelling in the field of early childhood education. Through the lenses of autoethnography, the author intertwines personal experiences with theoretical reflections, unravelling the complexities related to contemporary educational landscapes. Drawing inspiration from diverse philosophical traditions, including anarchism and existentialism, the thesis embarks on a journey to reframe educational practices within a socio-political framework. Central to this exploration is the concept of w/o/a/ndering—a fluid interplay between wonder and wandering, symbolizing an open-ended quest for knowledge and meaning. Rooted in the works of scholars such as Luigina Mortari and María Zambrano, w/o/a/ndering offers a pathway to reimagine educational encounters beyond traditional pedagogical paradigms. The thesis elucidates how storytelling emerges as a potent pedagogical tool within this framework, transcending its conventional role to become a space for encounter, play, and philosophical inquiry. By situating storytelling as a site for anarchic educational practices, the research illuminates its potential to foster genuine connections between educators and children. Further, the dissertation examines the historical trajectory and contemporary relevance of anarchism in the educational discourse. Using the writing of theorists like Colin Ward, it explores anarchism as a lived experience, challenging entrenched power dynamics and advocating for grassroots resistance within educational settings. In subsequent chapters, the thesis engages with the contributions of educators such as Paulo Freire, Simón Rodríguez, Walter Kohan and Janusz Korczak, emphasizing the importance of a critical pedagogy in shaping inclusive learning environments. Ultimately, this dissertation seeks to provoke critical reflection on the role of educators in shaping the present of early childhood education. By intertwining theoretical insights with practical examples, it offers a nuanced understanding of educational praxis, inviting educators to reclaim agency and foster meaningful relationships in the pursuit of holistic pedagogical objectives.
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| 3. |
- Hagström, Erica
(författare)
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Mellan människa och häst : Djur-blivande i den pedagogiska relationens mellanrum
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Pedagogy has been theorised as a process of becoming, throughout history, as well as in contemporary research. In an interplay between literary configuration as a form of arts-based research and analysis based in philosophy of education, this dissertation explores the in-between of the educational relation within a specific human–horse relationship in order to examine, re-symbolise and re-negotiate the very presumptions of what pedagogy can become. I am interested in the educational possibilities in the relational processes of becoming when the Other is a horse and, further, how imaginaries, enabled by a questioning of the anthropocentrism of processes of becoming, can contribute to think pedagogy as a relational process of becoming, rooted in becoming-animal. Firstly, against the backdrop of a critique of the discourse on animality, I analyse becoming-animal in depth. By working with the concept of figuration, I investigate the processes of becoming between human and other-than-human. As Rosi Braidotti’s (2002) notion of becoming-animal informs this specific, enfleshed relation between human and horse, this lived relation also concretises the notion of becoming-animal. Secondly, in the light of a cartography of the power relation, I claim, in line with Patton (2003), that it is nonetheless possible for ethical relations to emerge in and through that relation. By linking the idea of ‘being faced by animals’, as developed in Matthew Calarco’s (2008) work with the idea of ‘being addressed’ as developed in Gert Biesta’s (2012) work, I see the horse’s face appear as an educational and ethical questioning. Thirdly, drawing on Luce Irigaray’s (1993) concept of difference, yet in another way, and displacing space for wonder to the relational space between human and horse, I highlight how processes of becoming-animal break through. Further, I explore how re-configurations offer possibilities of shaking the idea, rooted in human subjectivity, out of which the living is classified into the ‘ontological categories’ of ‘Human’ and ‘Animal’. In conclusion, I discuss how educational possibilities emerge in relational processes when the Other is a horse in two different yet transversal ways: firstly, through the lived relation to the Other and secondly, through possibilities for other-than-anthropocentric imaginaries. The dissertation not only contributes to the field of education, and more specifically within the field of philosophy of education concerning educational relations. It also contributes to the development of the field of horse studies within the fields of humanities and social science.
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| 4. |
- Jonsson, Linda, 1963-
(författare)
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Mellan tradition och förnyelse : Utmaningar i religionsläraruppdraget
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The current assignment of religious studies teachers is grounded on a confession-free foundation, expressed through the values of Swedish society. However, the subject still carries traces of a confessional tradition. Up until recently, Christianity played a major role in both teaching and teacher assignments. This study focuses on the complexity that emerges when it comes to the assignment of religious studies teachers in Swedish schools. In order to shed light on two traditions of importance – a confessional Christian tradition and an objective religious tradition, an analytical contextualisation is constructed within the time span 1842–1994. Such a long-term perspective is seen as a necessary historical contextualisation for the empirical study, which contains an analysis of the contemporary religious studies teacher assignment, here called the uncertain period (1994-2011). The study is to be regarded as an analysis of a school subject related challenge from a general didactical approach. In order to study the religious studies teacher assignment, religion as a school subject will be a key component in this study. The use of the subject – in the sense of its status, role and function – is clarified, and has implications for the teacher assignment as such. The historical context has its starting point in a literature study of policy documents and texts, and shall be regarded as the study’s secondary literature. The empirical material of the study comes from a journal entitled Religion & Livsfrågor (Religion and Life Issues) from the time span of 1994–2011. The material is analysed and attention drawn to different voices on the religious studies teacher assignment. The challenges that the teacher assignment is facing are summarised in three concluding challenges: Between tradition and renewal, Limitless assignment in limited time, and Pupil-related questions or “when-it-pops-up”-pedagogy. An account is given of the contributions made by two educational philosophers, John Dewey and Wolfgang Klafki, in the latter part of the study. These contributions serve as basis for analyses of the challenges in the uncertain period of contemporary religious studies teacher assignment. Their writings on theory and practice, tradition and renewal, as well as teacher engagement, add a valuable perspective to the analyses in order to understand the challenges the teacher assignment faces. In conclusion, the analyses of the voices on the religious studies teacher assignment and its challenges are summarised and related to their historical context characterised both by a confessional and an objective tradition. The thesis provides a more detailed image on the complexity of the religious studies teacher assignment, through a contextualization of the contemporary assignment in curriculum historical perspective.
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| 5. |
- Månsson, Niclas, 1965-
(författare)
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Negativ socialisation : Främlingen i Zygmunt Baumans författarskap
- 2005
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this dissertation I address the question of why some social groups classify some people and groups as strangers. To answer the question I focus the stranger in the writings of the Polish sociologist Zygmunt Bauman.According to Bauman, the social construction of the stranger cannot be compared with the asymmetrical relation between an in-group and an out-group. An in-group stands for friends and proximity. It considers the out-group as the enemy at a distance. The hierarchical and a reciprocal relationship that exists between the in-group and the out-group is a part of the social order. The stranger, on the other hand, is constructed in the ambivalent position between the in-group and the out-group. Since there is no room for the stranger in an orderly world she has to be dealt with in a way that keeps the world free from incongruity.Since Bauman considers the moral consequence of cultural classification, his work is also relevant for the question of living with the stranger. Leaving the Occidental rational tradition in favour of a phenomenological tradition, Bauman offers a view that considers the encounter with the stranger as a moral meeting. Highlighting responsibility, instead of social arrangements, law or tradition, Bauman visualises the stranger as a moral subject and not as aparticular social type, one who is constantly out of placeThe theoretical considerations of the social making of the stranger, and the moral understanding of living for the stranger, contribute to a deeper understanding about the institutional origins of social marginalisation and cultural exclusion.
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| 6. |
- Nordmark, Jonas, 1978-
(författare)
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Med en framtida demokrat som adressat : Föreställningar om framtid i svenska samhällskunskapsböcker 1992-2010
- 2015
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation is a critical study on conceptions of future in swedish social studies textbooks for primary secondary school, and a discussion on discourses of the young person as a future political subject. The main part of the thesis is a discourse analysis of textbooks published within the timeframe 1992 through 2010. The demarcation of the two decade timeframe stems from a critical discussion within educational research on political and educational discourses about individual and common future in recent years. I mainly draw my critical theoretical argument from a discussion on what in radical democratic theory is referred to as a post-political state within late liberal democracies. Much of the future oriented educational research is implicitly rooted within this discussion, where the possibility of understanding the young person as a future political subject to a great extent is scrutinized. The method through which the textbooks are read is discourse analysis, mainly inspired by deconstruction, focusing social and political logic within normative texts. My findings are that future in large parts of the textbooks is put forth as dependant on the single individual´s commitment to making the future democratic society possible through political engagement, but also her adaptation to an already well ordered democratic society. Commitment and adaptation take form in two, what I call, ontopolitical discourses about the young person as a future partaker of democratic society. The first discourse delineate the young person as partaker in an already initiated course onto a better common future. As an individual the young person is put forth as part of an overarching common shared temporal movement towards future for the society as a whole. Earlier books seem to suggest this temporalization of the common, to a higher extent than later. Later books suggest the idea of the young person as possible part to either a positive common future full of personal opportunities at hand, or a negative common future, shared by those without same life opportunities. This second discourse render threats towards the future democratic society, as such individuals without ability to fulfil their aspirations. Being unemployed at the outskirts of society both put a strain on the ordered society and also implies that those without means to take care of themselves might in fact become dangerous. Through French thinker Jacques Rancière I suggest that these implications should be understood as a view on future society where all are included, but some are included through defining them as excluded within society.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Håkansson, Michael, 1967-
(författare)
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Politisk tendens, politiskt ögonblick och kreativitet : Studier av miljö- och hållbarhetsundervisning
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis takes its point of departure in the political dimension in Environmental and Sustainability Education (ESE). In the research field different views exist – containing both similarities and differences – regarding what is meant by ‘the political’ in the context of educational practice. What do different authors, policymakers, practitioners etc. mean when they refer to ´the political´ within the context of ESE? The ambiguity that characterises the discussions on the political dimension of (environmental and sustainability) education can impede and blur both research and professional reflection. This can create confusion, particularly amongst teachers, and a clarification of ‘the political’ through an investigation of how it appears in educational practice is vital.The thesis contributes with an educational typology and an analytical model of political moments to identify how the political dimension may emerge in different ways in educational practices. As part of these models the thesis also contributes with two theoretical-analytical concepts – educative moment and creativity – to be used to further discuss how education can use the political to explore new values and new behaviours regarding environmental and sustainable concerns.The theoretical frames of the thesis are poststructural and pragmatic theories, foremost by Chantal Mouffe and John Dewey. The thesis is especially built on a pragmatist and anti-essentialist approach, which argues that we socially construct the meaning of right and wrong, and of what works better in our lives in problematic situations. The thesis has four purposes and the results are presented in four studies. The first purpose examines how Environmental Sustainability Education (ESE) research literature conceptualize the political dimension, and how these findings impact the political dimension as educational content in teaching and learning activities in ESE practice. The second purpose examines different situations in which the political can be handled and experienced in environmental and sustainability education practice. This purpose is dealt with in the second study and the result is a didactical typology called the political tendency. The third purpose is to examine the political and politics in teaching and learning activities, both cognitive and emotional, about antagonism, conflicts, inclusion and exclusion. This purpose is dealt with in the third study and the results are illustrated by empirical examples. The fourth purpose examines the idea of creativity in relation to the political dimension, i. e. where new values can emerge or evolve. These purpose is dealt with in study 2, 3 and 4 and the results are presented as two theoretical-analytical concepts: educative moments and creativity concerning the political dimension in ESE.My ambition is that this thesis will contribute to the discussion about how teaching and learning activities that include a political dimension in ESE can use the presented models to identify educational content of the political dimension, and to further understand how individuals create their relation to their social and physical surroundings. Another ambition is to contribute to philosophical and methodological discussions about the relation between the political dimension, meaning making and embodiment within environmental and sustainability education.
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