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| 3. |
- Semb, Gunvor, et al.
(författare)
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A Scandcleft randomised trials of primary surgery for unilateral cleft lip and palate: 1. Planning and management.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2000-656X .- 2000-6764. ; 51:1, s. 2-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Longstanding uncertainty surrounds the selection of surgical protocols for the closure of unilateral cleft lip and palate, and randomised trials have only rarely been performed. This paper is an introduction to three randomised trials of primary surgery for children born with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP). It presents the protocol developed for the trials in CONSORT format, and describes the management structure that was developed to achieve the long-term engagement and commitment required to complete the project.METHOD: Ten established national or regional cleft centres participated. Lip and soft palate closure at 3-4 months, and hard palate closure at 12 months served as a common method in each trial. Trial 1 compared this with hard palate closure at 36 months. Trial 2 compared it with lip closure at 3-4 months and hard and soft palate closure at 12 months. Trial 3 compared it with lip and hard palate closure at 3-4 months and soft palate closure at 12 months. The primary outcomes were speech and dentofacial development, with a series of perioperative and longer-term secondary outcomes.RESULTS: Recruitment of 448 infants took place over a 9-year period, with 99.8% subsequent retention at 5 years.CONCLUSION: The series of reports that follow this introductory paper include comparisons at age 5 of surgical outcomes, speech outcomes, measures of dentofacial development and appearance, and parental satisfaction. The outcomes recorded and the numbers analysed for each outcome and time point are described in the series.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN29932826.
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- Willadsen, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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Scandcleft Project, Trial 1: Comparison of Speech Outcome in Relation to Timing of Hard Palate Closure in 5-Year-Olds With UCLP.
- 2019
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Ingår i: The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association. - : SAGE Publications. - 1545-1569. ; 56:10, s. 1276-1286
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To compare in-depth speech results in Scandcleft Trial 1 as well as reference data from peers without cleft palate (CP).A prospective randomized clinical trial.A Danish and a Swedish CP center.143 of 148 randomized 5-year-olds with unilateral cleft lip and palate. All received lip and velum closure at 4 months, and hard palate closure at 12 months (arm A) or 36 months (arm B).A composite measure based on velopharyngeal competence (VPC) or velopharyngeal incompetence (VPI), an overall assessment of VPC from connected speech (VPC-Rate), Percentage of Consonants Correct (PCC-score), and consonant errors. Speech therapy visits, average hearing thresholds, and secondary pharyngeal surgeries documented burden of treatment.Across the trial, 61.5% demonstrated VPC and 38.5% VPI. Twenty-two percent of participants achieved age appropriate PCC-scores. There were no statistically significant differences between arms or centers for these measures. In the Danish center, arm B: achieved lower PCC-scores (P = .01); obtained PCC-scores without s-errors below 79% (P = .002); produced ≥3 active oral cleft speech characteristics (P = .004) than arm A. In both centers, arm B attended more speech visits.At age 5, differences between centers and treatment arms were not statistically significant for VPC/VPI, but consonant proficiency differed between treatment arms in the Danish center. Poor speech outcomes were seen for both treatment arms. Variations between centers were observed. As the Swedish center had few participants, intercenter comparisons should be interpreted with caution.
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- Adolfsson, Margareta, 1950-, et al.
(författare)
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Everyday life situations of school-aged children with severe disabilities : what are the goals for the future? an exploratory study
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Intellectual Disability - Diagnosis and Treatment. - : Lifescience Global. - 2292-2598. ; :2, s. 21-32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigated present and future everyday life situations (ELS) in home, school, work, and leisure environments for a group of school-aged children with severe disabilities, including complex disorders and a combination of disabilities.The purpose was to explore universal ELS; clarify how the children can be supported in their developmentof autonomy; and to gather information on potential overall goals for interventions. To make data comparable, all reported ELS were linked to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, Child and Youth version(ICF-CY) and listed along with information on the setting. Both today, and in the future, recreational activities and participation in school or work were of highest importance, but few reported ELS involved directly interacting with otherchildren. More ELS were predicted to occur outside the home and with a higher degree of autonomy. Therefore, interventions would be focused on the overall goal that children with severe disabilities take initiatives to become independent and to form relationships with others.
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| 6. |
- Anderheim-Söderqvist, Lisbeth, 1952, et al.
(författare)
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Does psychological stress affect the outcome of in vitro fertilization?
- 2005
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Ingår i: Human Reproduction. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0268-1161 .- 1460-2350. ; 20:10, s. 2969-75
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of psychological stress before and during IVF treatment on the outcome of IVF, controlling for known physiological predictors METHODS: This is a prospective, longitudinal study A total of 166 women were studied during their first IVF treatment They answered questionnaires concerning psychological and social factors on two occasions Psychological well-being was measured by the Psychological General Well-Being (PGWB) index and psychological effects of infertility were assessed by 14 items RESULTS: In the analysis of the psychological variables, no differences were found between pregnant and non-pregnant women The total number of good quality embryos, the number of good quality embryos transferred, and the number of embryos transferred were significantly higher in the pregnant than in the non-pregnant group In a multivariate analysis, the number of good quality embryos transferred was the only variable that was independently associated with pregnancy CONCLUSIONS: We found no evidence that psychological stress had any influence on the outcome of IVF treatment When counselling infertile couples, it might be possible to reduce the stress they experience during the treatment procedure by informing them of these findings
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- Anderheim-Söderqvist, Lisbeth, 1952, et al.
(författare)
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Extended encounters with midwives at the first IVF cycle: a controlled trial
- 2007
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Ingår i: Reproductive biomedicine online. - 1472-6483. ; 14:3, s. 279-87
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this prospective, controlled study was to investigate the impact of participation in extended encounters with midwives on the psychological well-being of women undergoing IVF treatment and on their experience of treatment procedures. A total of 166 couples were studied during their first IVF treatment at the authors' IVF unit, of which 49 underwent intervention via extended midwife encounters. Participants answered questionnaires on three occasions. Psychological effects of infertility and questions regarding the relationship with the partner were considered. On the third occasion, two open-ended questions regarding perception of the treatment and the support by the staff were assessed. Regarding the psychological effects of infertility and the relationship with the partner, no significant differences were found between the intervention group versus the control group. Analysis of the open-ended questions resulted in the finding that significantly (P = 0.01) more women in the intervention group expressed satisfaction with the care. No impact of the intervention on psychological well-being was noted. However, the intervention seemed to be an effective method to give couples a feeling of security, continuity and an opportunity to be seen as individuals and as couples, for which the women expressed their appreciation.
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| 8. |
- Bentham, James, et al.
(författare)
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A century of trends in adult human height
- 2016
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Ingår i: eLIFE. - : eLife Sciences Publications Ltd. - 2050-084X. ; 5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in South Korean women and Iranian men, who became 20.2 cm (95% credible interval 17.5–22.7) and 16.5 cm (13.3– 19.7) taller, respectively. In contrast, there was little change in adult height in some sub-Saharan African countries and in South Asia over the century of analysis. The tallest people over these 100 years are men born in the Netherlands in the last quarter of 20th century, whose average heights surpassed 182.5 cm, and the shortest were women born in Guatemala in 1896 (140.3 cm; 135.8– 144.8). The height differential between the tallest and shortest populations was 19-20 cm a century ago, and has remained the same for women and increased for men a century later despite substantial changes in the ranking of countries.
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| 9. |
- Berg, Linda, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Characterisation of Cancer Support and Rehabilitation Programmes: A Swedish Multiple Case Study
- 2014
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Ingår i: The open nursing journal. - : Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.. - 1874-4346. ; 8, s. 1-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cancer support and rehabilitation are suggested to be an integral part of cancer care strategies. This study focuses on comparativeness of cancer support and rehabilitation programmes. The aim of this study was to analyse available cancer support and rehabilitation programmes in Sweden presented as complementary to cancer rehabilitation at cancer clinics. A multiple case study design was chosen in order to inquire the small number of existing supportive and rehabilitative cancer programmes. Based on the structures, processes and outcomes of the nine included programmes, three types of cancer support and rehabilitation programmes were identified: multimodal rehabilitation, comprehensive cancer support and art therapy. Cancer support and rehabilitation programmes offer a variety of activities and therapies which are highly valuable and relevant for people with cancer. The typology of cancer support and rehabilitation programmes and comparability between programmes need further inquiry.
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