| 1. |
- Möller, Per
(författare)
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Kulturstad/Stadskultur : idéer om kulturens värden i Malmös stadsomvandling 1990–2012
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation critically explores ideas about values of culture within the context of Malmö’s urban renewal (1990–2012). The story of Malmö’s development is typical of narratives about contemporary urban regeneration processes: Malmö is depicted as a crisis-ridden former industrial town which, through private and public efforts, is transformed into a dynamic urban centre within a knowledge-based, creative economy. This dissertation’s analytical framework focuses on how municipal texts and policy documents are imbricated in ideological meaning-production, particularly regarding the role of culture within the context of urban development. The analysis therefore approaches the field of cultural policy, where two complementary understandings of this field are utilized: the traditional, nominal sense, in which cultural affairs are explicitly addressed on the (local) state level; and a broadened sense, as an arena where implicit cultural policy-making happens via debates about the social and developmental value of culture. This holistic framework is developed through an analysis of rich empirical material (including texts and policy documents originating from both the explicit and implicit conceptualizations of cultural policy) emphasizing its role in the ideological meaning-production around Malmö’s redevelopment.The dissertation demonstrates that the ideas about values of culture within this context have not only been myriad, but have also been largely ambiguous. While some ideas took shape via consensus between different agents and political fields, other ideas were more contradictory, and instead expressed conflicting notions about what culture is, why it is valuable, and in which ways it might function as a resource in the city’s regeneration. This can be seen particularly in the shifting ways culture is characterized as valuable for both increased social welfare and for increased economic growth, which in the analysis is highlighted as part of wider-reaching patterns of ideological consensus as well as conflict within the urban regeneration process.
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| 2. |
- Carlsson, Per-Inge, 1959-
(författare)
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Hearing impairment and deafness : genetic and environmental factors - interactions - consequences : a clinical audiological approach
- 2005
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- OBJECTIVES - Hearing impairment (HI) can be due to genetic or environmental factors, e.g. noise. More than 50% of HI cases are thougt to be hereditary. HI can affect social participation in different ways. How serious these problems becomes depends on several factors, for example, the type of social environment the person lives in. The objective of the present study was to point out the importance of studying HI and deafness in a broad perspective, from the molecular - biological level to the psychological - social level and to evaluate how interactions of factors at several levels form the consequences, in a long-term perspective, to witch HI and deafness can lead. MATERIAL AND METHODS - Three different study populations have been used to study the four levels in this study: Papers I - III; 1200 noise-exposed workers (molecular and biological levels), Paper IV; 50 persons with HI since early childhood, with or without a family history of HI (FHHI)(biological, psychological and social level), and in Paper V; 600 persons with early onset of deafness in two counties with differently strong Deaf communities (psychological and social level). RESULTS - The molecular genetic studies (Papers I – III) showed that the combination of smoking and having a mutation in the protective antioxidant system revealed an additional risk for noise induced hearing loss. In Paper IV, only small differences was found between subjects with and without a FHHI. The results in Paper V indicated that differences in the social environment, in terms of the strength of the Deaf community, influence family factors such as marriages, divorces and the number of children born. CONCLUSIONS - Analysing complex issues such as HI and deafness from a medical audiological perspective requires a multi- level approach at several levels. The results indicate that interactions of factors at all four levels form the consequences, in a long-term perspective, to wich HI and deafness can lead. Furthermore, this multi-level approach - here called a clinical audiological approach - is essential when using the ICF framework in audiological rehabilitation/habilitation.
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| 3. |
- Döhlen Wedin, Anna
(författare)
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The planner's dilemma : An ethical investigation of adaptation to sea level rise
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This is a thesis on the ethics of adaptation to sea level rise, with a focus on proactive adaptation planning. The research, which has been conducted within a transdisciplinary research project, takes a bottom-up approach to applied ethics, and has been conducted in close collaboration withadaptation planners and other project partners. The thesis consists of an introductory chapter which includes broader methodological concerns, and an overview of scientific and theoretical issues that are considered as relevant background to the broader research topic, as well as five articles.Article 1: Departing from an interview study with planners working with adaptation to sea level rise in Sweden, a typology of ethical issuesis presented. It is shown that planners have to deal with input-oriented, process-oriented, and outcome-oriented ethical issues, and that knowledge of these can contribute to ethical adaptation policy.Article 2: Responsibility of adaptation to sea level rise is often assigned to local planners. But what does it mean to be responsible? Departing from the idea of professional virtues, three codes of ethics for planners are analysed to extract aspirational characteristics for planners. The identified virtues are put in relation to central challenges of adaptation, where five virtues stand out as central to the understanding of what it means to be responsible in adaptation to sea level rise.Article 3: A method building on Value Sensitive Design (VSD) and scenario planning is developed and applied to address the challenge of integrating ethics when planning for uncertainty over long time-horizons, in the context of adaptation to sea level rise. The method iscalled VSSP and consists of three steps for scenario development and three steps for value investigations. The application resulted in insights on aspects important for an ethical long-term adaptation to sea levelrise.Article 4: Climate change and adaptation to climate change tend to have disproportionately negative impacts on women. An analysis of what a gender-sensitive adaptation planning needs to address is conducted, and the potential of VSSP as an approach for promoting gender equality in long-term adaptation planning is investigated.Article 5: The concept of feasibility, as it is used in the climate change context, is discussed. It is found that common uses of the term fail to capture what is meant by feasibility, and that this can have significant consequences for practical deliberation on climate policy. The conditional probability account of feasibility, as discussed in political theory, is suggested as a preferable account for feasibility in the climate change discourse.In all, the thesis explores a range of ethical topics of relevance in the context of planning for a sustainable adaptation to sea level rise. It bridges practical experiences and concerns with insights from the fields of climate ethics, decision theory, philosophy of technology, and political philosophy, to mention a few. In doing this, the thesis contributes to thegrowing field of ethics of climate change adaptation, with results that can be of interest to both philosophers, planners, and others working with adaptation genrally and adaptation to sea level rise specifically.
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| 4. |
- Ivarsson, Hans, 1955-
(författare)
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Glacial dynamics and till genesis in hilly terrain : A study in the Tallträsk area, central-northern Sweden
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study deals with the influence of topography on glacial dynamics and the genesis of till in an area of moder-ate bedrock relief. An area 25 km west of Lycksele, northern Sweden, was investigated using geomorphological and sedimentological methods. The bedrock is dominated by coarse-grained granites and the topography, ranging in altitude between 310 and 490 m. a.s.l., is characterized by relatively wide, free-lying hills.The erosional and depositional features provide evidence of several glacial events, with regional ice flows from approximately the same direction (NW-NNW). The gravel fraction of the till is dominated by material transported more than 10 km. However, the total glacial erosion has been modest, as indicated by the frequent occurrence of residual pre-glacial weathering features. There is no evidence of warm-based conditions during the period when the ice divide of the Late Weichselian ice sheet was situated E-SE of the study area. The major mor-phological impact is most likely by pre-Late Weichselian ice sheets.The general stratigraphy at the valley floors is a complex sequence of heterogeneous till and beds of sorted sediments with some evidence of glacial deformation covered by an up to 2.5-m-thick, texturally homogeneous till layer with distinct fissility structure and clast fabric orientation. The lower unit is interpreted as pre-Late Weichselian marginal deposits, and the upper till as mainly formed during rigid-bed conditions, i.e. by lodgement, during the last deglaciation. The role of pervasive deformation and melt-out in the formation of the upper till are discussed. Inferred mainly from till fabrics it is evident that the ice flow was strongly topographically controlled within a relatively wide marginal zone of the retreating ice.At the summits of the hills there are only signs of very weak glacial abrasive and depositional activity, sug-gesting frozen based conditions over the summits until a very late stage of the deglaciation. The very thin till at the summits, which also lay as a drape over the thick lee-side deposits, consists of a mixture of relatively fine-grained, distantly derived debris and of local bedrock fragments entrained during a very late phase of plucking.On the stoss- and lateral slopes of the hills the till is thin and discontinuous. The irregular bedrock surface in these areas created a “mosaic” of small-scale subglacial depositional environments, which were superimposed on the changes in the conditions for deposition along the hillslope. This till is comparatively coarse-grained, which is interpreted as an effect of syn-depositional winnowing of fines, and locally also because of the incorporation of local bedrock material largely from pre-glacially weathered zones.On the lee-sides of the hills the deposits are considerably thicker than on slopes facing other directions. They are characterized by highly variable texture and structure, suggesting a depositional environment characterized by large temporal and spatial variations in meltwater activity and stress/strain conditions. The lee-side tills are inter-preted as mainly pre-Late Weichselian in age.The overall conclusion is that the local topography strongly controlled the basal ice flow and produced a com-plex pattern of thermal variations within a relatively wide marginal zone of the ice sheet during the last deglacia-tion. The study supports the view that there are complete transitions between the different genetical types of sub-glacial tills, although the role of deformation by pervasive shearing is uncertain in this type of coarse-grained till.
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| 5. |
- Dahlström, Örjan, et al.
(författare)
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Cognitive training and effects on speech-in noise performance in normal hearing and hearing impaired individuals
- 2015
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Ingår i: CHSCOM2015. - : Linköping University Electronic Press. ; , s. 127-127
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Cognitive training might have potential to improve speech understanding under adverse listening conditions. Here, we have examined the effects of a 5-week computer-based cognitive training program on speech-in-noise-performance, in normal hearing (NH) participants and in participants with mild-to-moderate sensorineural hearing loss (HI).Two groups, matched on gender and age (45-65 years), of 20 participants each (HI and NH respectively) are recruited. Participants perform four test-sessions; inclusion (t0), five weeks (t1), ten weeks (t2) and six months (t3). Training is performed either between t0 and t1, or between t1 and t2 (using a cross-over design), using the computer-based Cogmed training program, approximately 30-40 minutes per day, five days per week, during five weeks. At each session participants are tested in three different ways: (a) cognitive testing (KIPS, SICSPAN, TRT); (b) auditory performance (pure tone-audiometry (air- and bone-conduction) and speech audiometry (HINT, Swedish SPIN-test (SNR +4dB))); (c) cortical activation (MR sessions where participants performed a speech-in-noise task using Hagerman-sentences with steady-state speech-spectrum noise (SSN) and with two competing talkers). MR imaging is performed on a Philips Achieva 1.5 Tesla scanner using a sparse imaging technique in which stimuli are presented during the silent period between successive scans. Participants listen to auditory stimuli under eight different conditions: clear speech, SSN or two competing talkers (each at 90%, 50% and 0% intelligibility), and silent rest. Pre- and post-training, hearing disability is assessed by the Speech-Spatial-Qualities-Questionnaire.The study is on-going and behavioral results as well as results from fMRI will be presented.
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| 6. |
- Juto, Hans, 1975-
(författare)
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Studies of ankle fractures : classification, epidemiology, complications and results
- 2022
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The ankle fracture is one of the most common fractures in adult patients and is a heterogeneous group of fractures. From the fully stable fracture on the most distal part of thefibula to severely unstable and even dislocated ankles. Patients with ankle fractures often report a good result after treatment, but a small group have persistent problems.The purpose of the dissertation is to investigate classification, epidemiology, complications, and results in order to improve knowledge and management of ankle fractures.This dissertation is mainly based on data from the Swedish Fracture Register (SFR).In Study I the accuracy of the AO/OTA classification, version 2007, of ankle fractures in the SFR was examined. Entry of data into the SFR is mainly performed by the attending doctors at the accident and emergency departments, often with varying experience of fracture classification. Classification of fractures can in some cases bedifficult even for experienced orthopaedic surgeons. This is because the fractures to be categorized can be seen being on a spectrum and there will always be cases which is on the border between different categories. We created a reference group that classified several randomly selected ankle fractures from the SFR based on X-rays from treatingorthopedic departments. The assessment that was then agreed upon was considered to be the gold standard classification and could in turn be compared to the classification found in the SFR. The agreement between the classification in the SFR and the classification of the reference group was 88% for AO/OTA type level and 74% for AO/OTAgroup level. This corresponded to a kappa value of 0.77 and 0.66 respectively. The findings were equivalent to or higher than in previous studies.In study II the aim was to examine the incidence of ankle fractures in Norrbotten county, as well as the relationship between AO/OTA-classes of ankle fractures with age, gender and low-energy trauma. Ankle fractures are increasing in an ageing population but are not generally seen as a fragility fracture. All ankle fractures treated at a hospital in the county were retrospectively identified, X-rays were inspected and classified, and the medical record reviewed. The study found 1,756 ankle fractures corresponding to an incidence of 179 per 100,000 person-years. Females had an increasing incidence with age while among males the incidence was more evenly distributed. The type B fractures showed a slightly higher proportion of low-energy trauma and increased substantially with age. In contrast were the A21-subgroup and type C ankle fractures which had a lower mean age and proportion of women.Study III investigated the association between the incidence of venous thromboembolic event (VTE) and the use of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) prophylaxis following an ankle fracture, as well as factors affecting the risk of VTE. VTE is a well-known complication after ankle fracture and especially after ankle fracture surgery. The use of LMWH prophylaxis is debated. Data on ankle fracture treatment from the Swedish Fracture Register was linked to data for VTE diagnosis and LMWH prescription from the Swedish National Patient Register and the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register. Cases of diagnosed VTE were identified among 222 of 14,954 ankle fractures. Orthopaedic departments with higher-than-average use of LMWH prophylaxis among non-operatively treated ankle fractures had a lower incidence of VTE (OR 0.60, 95% CI, 0.39-0.92). Among patients treated operatively at departments with guidelines for routine use of LMWH prophylaxis there was an incidence of VTE of 1.6%, compared to 2,7% at departments without routine use of LMWH prophylaxis (OR 0.56, 95% CI, 0.37-0.86). During the first two weeks following injury, there was only one case of VTE in 5,332 patients with prescribed LMWH, compared to 39 cases of VTE among 9,622 patients without prescription.Study IV examined the variations in the length of sick leave in ankle fracture patients. Even though most patients with an ankle fracture report a satisfactory outcome there are still a number of patients with persistent pain and functional impairment. The aim of the study was to analyse how treatment, different types of ankle fracture and patients-related factors were associated with the length of sick leave by combining data from the SFR and Swedish Social Insurance Agency (SSIA). Fifty-three per cent of patients registered with an ankle fracture in the SFR had a period of paid sick leave from the SSIA. There was an association between the length of the sick leave and the severity of the fracture. A correlation was also seen between the length of the sick leave and a worse patient-reported outcome.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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NORLIT 2009, Codex and Code: Aestethcis, Language and Politics in an Age of Digital Media : Stockholm, August 6-9, 2009
- 2010
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Proceedings (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the conference was to develop the study of Comparative Literature through Nordic collaboration both in its own discipline and in Modern Language and Cultural studies. As the title for the conference suggests, the principal question for the conference was the challenge that the study of literature encounters in an age of digitalization and globalization. It was our aim to encourage discussion of how literary studies respond to the ongoing changes in media and technology, politics and economy. Many have argued that the Humanities currently are in a state of crisis. We believe that the discipline seldom has found itself in such an interesting and fruitful historical moment. Several of these questions have surfaced duringearlier media system changes, in particular during Romanticism and Modernism, which provided the conference with an historical frame. The conference Codex and Code also addressed questions of authenticity and originality, identity and gender, literary genres and reading practices, media and materiality, culture and popular culture, language and history, world literature, work aesthetics, translations, and canon formation.
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| 9. |
- Valizadeh, Sima, 1959-
(författare)
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Electrodeposition of Ag/Co and Au/Co compositionally modulated thin films and nanowire arrays
- 2001
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the past decade, electrochemical synthesis of metallic nanowires within the pores of porous membranes have attracted considerable attention because of their special optical, electronic, and magnetic properties as well as potential for nanotechnological applications. The concept of using membranes as a template for fabrication of metallic nanowires by electrodeposition is considered as an alternative solution to overcome the difficulty of fabricating fibrils with very small diameters by lithographic methods. In this thesis, electrodeposition processes based on a single electrolyte were developed in order to produce compositionally modulated Ag/Co and Au/Co systems for one-dimensional nanowires and 2-dimensional thin films. The methods developed are based on pulse-plating in which two metals are deposited from a single solution bath using either potentiostatic or galvanostatic control and a pulsed deposition technique. Here, the nobler element is kept at much lower concentration than the less noble element so that the rate of reduction of the nobler element becomes diffusion limited. The chemical response of multilayered nanowire is evaluated by cyclic voltammetry and interpreted in comparison with electrochemical behaviour of recessed disk microelectrode. The electrochemical deposition of 8 nm Ag/15 nm Co as well as 4 nm Au/12 nm Co multilayers based on the new technique called nanomaterial membrane-based synthesis have been performed. As a working electrode, ion track etched polycarbonate membranes were employed. The morphology of the deposited films as well as deposited so called "Nanodes" have been investigated by transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. Magnetic measurements with the external field parallel and perpendicular to the film plane on Ag/Co and Au/Co multilayered nanowire arrays have been investigated. In case of Co nanowires, difference of saturation fields between the parallel and perpendicular orientation fields corresponds well to the expected demagnetisation field value due to the shape anisotropy in case of an infinite thin Co cylinder. The evidence of magnetic anisotropy was observed on Au/Co multilayered nanowires.
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