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- Aronsson, Per, et al.
(författare)
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An operational decision support tool for stump harvest
- 2011
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A multi-criteria decision support tool was developed to optimise stump harvesting for energy in Sweden. The decision tool takes account of multiple, sometimes conflicting, criteria relating to stump harvest; energy and climate, economics, biodiversity, and soil and water. Data on harvested stems are used as primary input data in the tool. Such data are routinely collected in harvester computers. The tool effectively deals with mixed sets of data; quantitative harvest data are re-calculated to metric (e.g. stump biomass), and qualitative data (e.g. biodiversity implications) are incorporated. A digital terrain map derived from air-borne laser scanning provides basic data for estimating soil wetness, while digital maps of water courses, key habitats and protected areas, or other sensitive habitats, are used to identify potentially and practically harvestable stumps.In four sub-models, an index from 0 to 10 is calculated for each stump, with 0 representing ‘Not at all suitable’ and 10 ‘Highly suitable for extraction’. Through this, a stump of high value for wood-living species is assigned a low index in the biodiversity sub-model and a large, easily accessible stump is assigned a high index in the economic sub-model. When calculating the net index, the sub-indices can be weighted according to the preferences of the end-user.An energy and climate sub-model incorporates greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from forest operations and the effect of advancing GHG emissions when stump biomass is incinerated instead of being left to decompose. In the economic sub-model the potential monetary return from each stump is calculated based on estimated revenue from harvested stump biomass and the costs of stump harvesting and forwarding operations (based on cost functions and GIS calculations of transport distances).The biodiversity sub-model considers four types of wood-dependent organisms (lichens, mosses, insects and fungi) in terms of their habitat requirements, vulnerability, sun exposure preferences, locality, etc. A panel of external experts has drawn up a grading scale of stump values for the different taxonomic groups. The proximity to key habitats and exposure to sunlight are derived from a spatial model.Soil and water issues are handled within a sub-model estimating the consequences for long-term soil fertility (nutrient cycling and soil compaction) and water (leaching of plant nutrients and mercury, and particle transport due to soil damage by heavy machinery).The tool offers the end-user possibilities to prioritise and plan for cost-effective stump harvesting, while minimising negative environmental impacts.
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- Bejerot, Susanne, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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Do autistic traits play a role in the bullying of obsessive-compulsive disorder and social phobia sufferers?
- 2009
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Ingår i: Psychopathology. - Basel, Switzerland : S. Karger. - 0254-4962 .- 1423-033X. ; 42:3, s. 170-176
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Social phobia and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) share several similarities: both are categorized as anxiety disorders, avoidant personality disorder and depression are common in both, they have a similar age of onset and course, and both disorders respond to treatments with serotonin reuptake inhibitors and cognitive behavioural therapy. However, OCD and social phobia differ in respect to their relation to autism spectrum disorders (ASD; i.e. Asperger's syndrome, autism, pervasive disorder not otherwise specified). Findings that suggest a link between OCD and ASD have no parallel in social phobia. Moreover, obsessive-compulsive, paranoid and schizotypal personality disorders are prevalent in OCD and in ASD, but not in social phobia. Individuals with ASD are known to be frequent targets of bullying. We hypothesised that individuals with autistic traits would have been frequent targets for bullies during their childhood, as opposed to people without such traits.Methods: Adult patients with social phobia (n = 63) or OCD (n = 65) were assessed regarding autistic traits, and interviewed about being bullied at school. A reference group (n = 551) responded to questions about being bullied.Results: There was a significant difference in the prevalence of being bullied between OCD (50%), social phobia patients (20%) and the reference group (27%). Autistic traits were more common in OCD than in social phobia. A history of being bullied was related to autistic traits among patients.Conclusions: Falling victim to bullying is not a random event. Autistic traits, i.e. low social skills, may be a predictor of being bullied in school. The high rate of bullying victims in persons who later develop OCD is suggested to be related to the overlap between OCD and ASD.
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- Mörtberg, E, et al.
(författare)
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Intensive group cognitive treatment and individual cognitive therapy vs. treatment as usual in social phobia : a randomized controlled trial
- 2007
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Ingår i: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-690X .- 1600-0447. ; 115:2, s. 142-154
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To compare the effects of an intensive group cognitive treatment (IGCT) to individual cognitive therapy (ICT) and treatment as usual (TAU) in social phobia (DSM-IV). METHOD: Hundred patients were randomized to: IGCT involving 16 group sessions spread over three weeks; ICT involving 16 shorter weekly sessions in 4 months and; TAU involving an indicated selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) with therapy sessions as required for 1 year. The main outcome measure was a Social Phobia Composite that combined several standardized self-report measures. Diagnostic assessment was repeated at 1-year follow-up. RESULTS: Significant improvements were observed with all treatments. ICT was superior to IGCT and TAU, which did not differ in overall effectiveness. CONCLUSION: The study confirms and extends previously reported findings that ICT is more effective than group cognitive treatment and treatment with SSRIs. IGCT lasts only 3 weeks, and is as effective as more protracted TAU.
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- Mörtberg, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Plasma tau protein in comatose patients after cardiac arrest treated with therapeutic hypothermia.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 1399-6576 .- 0001-5172. ; 55:9, s. 1132-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neurological outcome after cardiac arrest (CA) is difficult to predict in the acute phase. In this pilot study, we assessed blood levels of tau protein as a prognostic marker for the neurological outcome after 6months in patients treated with hypothermia after resuscitation from CA.
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- Westrup, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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Human Services and the Concept of Efficiency
- 2017
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Ingår i: Dilemmas 2015 : Papers from the 18th Annual International Conference Dilemmas for Human Services: Organizing, Designing and Managing - Papers from the 18th Annual International Conference Dilemmas for Human Services: Organizing, Designing and Managing. - 9789187925740 ; , s. 1-9
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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