| 1. |
- Archer, Brent, et al.
(författare)
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Facilitation effects of cueing techniques in two Sesotho speakers with anomia
- 2016
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Ingår i: Speech, Language and Hearing. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2050-571X. ; 19:3, s. 140-152
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aphasiologists developing treatments for anomia should closely align therapy methods with the typological and morphological characteristics of the language in question. The lead author initiated this study to develop more defensible interventions for speakers of Sesotho, a South African language. Prefix-based cueing (our alternative name for initial phoneme cueing that describes these cues in Sesotho-oriented terms) was compared to a novel technique, root-based cueing (RBC). While prefix-based cues are described in the literature, we hypothesized root-based cues would be more appropriate in this context since they were thought to be more consonant with the linguistic parameters of Sesotho. Two speakers with aphasia, who demonstrated significant anomic symptoms, served as participants. We used a multiple-baseline, single case study design. Two 144-item word lists were developed with every item represented by a photograph. Each of the two word lists was associated with one of the two cueing techniques investigated. After baseline measurements were obtained, each participant attended eight facilitation sessions for each cueing condition, resulting in eight data points per condition and participant. For both participants, RBC resulted in greater naming performance than cueing by means of initial phonemes. Our explanation of these results is based on the Interactive Lexical Network model of lexical access; root-based cues may be more effective because they more efficiently constrain the number of lemmas activated after a cue is provided. We argue that a confluence of factors (word-retrieval processes and the character of Sesotho morphosyntax) gave rise to the noted differences in naming facilitation.
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| 2. |
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Dialogue and dementia : cognitive and communicative resources for engagement
- 2014
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This volume takes the positive view that conversation between persons with dementia and their interlocutors is a privileged site for ongoing cognitive engagement. The book aims to identify and describe specific linguistic devices or strategies at the level of turn-by-turn talk that promote and extend conversation, and to explore real-world engagements that reflect these strategies.Final reflections tie these linguistic strategies and practices to wider issues of the "self" and "agency" in persons with dementia. Thematically, the volume fosters an integrated perspective on communication and cognition in terms of which communicative resources are recognized as cognitive resources, and communicative interaction is treated as reflecting cognitive engagement. This reflects perspectives in cognitive anthropology and cognitive science that regard human cognitive activity as distributed and culturally rooted.This volume is intended for academic researchers and advanced students in applied linguistics, linguistic and medical anthropology, nursing, and social gerontology; and practice professionals in speech-language pathology and geropsychology.
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| 3. |
- Guendouzi, Jacqueline, et al.
(författare)
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Approaches to discourse in dementia
- 2005. - 1
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The qualitative analysis of naturally occurring discourse in neurogenic communication disorders, specifically in dementia studies, has experienced recent burgeoning interest from wide-ranging disciplines. This multidisciplinarity has been exciting, but has added contextual confusion. This book advances the study of discourse in dementia by systematically exploring and applying different approaches to the same free conversational data sets, collected and transcribed by the authors. The applied methodologies and theories comprise a useful sourcebook for students, researchers, and practitioners alike.
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| 4. |
- Guendouzi, Jacqueline, et al.
(författare)
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Avoiding interactional conflict in dementia: the influence of gender styles on interactions.
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Language Aggression and Conflict. - : John Benjamins Publishing Company. - 2213-1272. ; 4:1, s. 8-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sociolinguistic research in the general population has established the existence of gender differences in the social use of language. In particular, it has been noted that women use more markers of politeness, small talk and structural devices (e.g. minimal responses, tag questions) to help maintain their conversations. Analysis of interactions involving people with dementia (PWD) suggests that these gender based differences were still present in the face of dementia. Furthermore, the use of these forms of language helped the women with dementia to avoid conflict and extend the length of their interactions. This study investigated whether the use of such language helped or hindered women with dementia in maintaining conversational satisfaction.
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| 5. |
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Handbook of qualitative research in communication disorders
- 2014
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This volume provides a comprehensive and in-depth handbook of qualitative research in the field of communication disorders. It introduces and illustrates the wide range of qualitative paradigms that have been used in recent years to investigate various aspects of communication disorders.The first part of the Handbook introduces in some detail the concept of qualitative research and its application to communication disorders, and describes the main qualitative research approaches. The contributions are forward-looking rather than merely giving an overview of their topic. The second part illustrates these approaches through a series of case studies of different communication disorders using qualitative methods of research.This Handbook is an essential resource for senior undergraduate and graduate students, researchers and practitioners, in communication disorders and related fields.
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| 6. |
- Johansson, Inga-Lena, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Consonant articulation acoustics and intelligibility in Swedish speakers with Parkinson’s disease : a pilot study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0269-9206 .- 1464-5076. ; 37:9, s. 845-865
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Imprecise consonant articulation is common in speakers with Parkinson’s disease and can affect intelligibility. The research on the relationship between acoustic speech measures and intelligibility in Parkinson’s disease is limited, and most of the research has been conducted on English. This pilot study investigated aspects of consonant articulation acoustics in eleven Swedish speakers with Parkinson’s disease and six neurologically healthy persons. The focus of the study was on consonant cluster production, articulatory motion rate and variation, and voice onset time, and how these acoustic features correlate with speech intelligibility. Among the measures in the present study, typicality ratings of heterorganic consonant clusters /spr/ and /skr/ had the strongest correlations with intelligibility. Measures based on syllable repetition, such as repetition rate and voice onset time, showed varying results with weak to moderate correlations with intelligibility. One conclusion is that some acoustic measures may be more sensitive than others to the impact of the underlying sensory-motor impairment and dysarthria on speech production and intelligibility in speakers with Parkinson’s disease. Some aspects of articulation appear to be equally demanding in terms of acoustic realization for elderly healthy speakers and for speakers with Parkinson’s disease, such as sequential motion rate measures. Clinically, this would imply that for the purpose of detecting signs of disordered speech motor control, choosing measures with less variation among older speakers without articulation impairment would lead to more robust results.
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| 7. |
- Johansson, Inga-Lena, 1967-
(författare)
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Parkinson’s Disease and Communication : Intelligibility, Interaction and Participation
- 2024
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting dopamine production in the basal ganglia. It is a common cause of disability among elderly people. The main symptoms are tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia, but there is a substantial individual variation of how the disease manifests itself. Communicative changes occur frequently and motor speech impairment in the form of dysarthria is common. Other communicative abilities, such as language functions and the use of body gestures, may also be affected. Traditionally, the focus for research and clinical assessments and interventions in the context of communicative changes in Parkinson’s disease has mainly been on speech and voice impairment. However, the impact on communication is multi-faceted, and different factors may affect the ability to make oneself understood and participate in conversations. Conversation is also a collaborative activity, where all participants’ contributions would need to be considered. Although there is a growing body of research on communicative impact in Parkinson’s disease, these aspects have, so far, been less studied. In the present thesis, communicative changes in Parkinson’s disease were explored with a focus on speech intelligibility, interaction in conversations, and communicative participation.In study I, qualitative interviews with dyads consisting of a person with Parkinson’s disease and a close communication partner revealed individual variation in experiences of communicative changes. The results indicated multi-factorial disease-related impact on everyday communication and communicative participation. A change noted in almost all dyads was that the partner with Parkinson’s disease participated less in conversations. In study II, listener ratings of connected speech intelligibility showed both inter- and intra-speaker variability between different types of assessment tasks, indicating that di-verse factors may influence intelligibility for individual speakers. Listener knowledge of context significantly increased intelligibility scores. Acoustic analyses of consonant articulation in study III indicated that some measures may be more sensitive for detecting impact on speech and intelligibility for speakers with Parkinson’s disease, while other aspects of articulation may be demanding in terms of acoustic realisation also for healthy elderly speakers. Visual examination of spectrograms may provide qualitative information about speech production in relation to intelligibility. Paper IV reports a pilot trial of dyadic intervention from a self-management perspective. Qualitative exploratory interviews and video recordings of the dyads’ joint conversations formed the basis for the intervention. At follow-up, the participating dyads reported increased communicative awareness and changes in mind-set but minor changes of communicative behaviours. The results from the included studies contribute to the understanding of the complexity and individual variability of possible communicative impact in Parkinson’s disease and support a holistic perspective on communication. The thesis demonstrates that it is necessary to apply multiple methods in assessment for achieving in-depth knowledge of how Parkinson’s disease impacts on speech intelligibility and everyday communication, to optimally tailor communication interventions to the individuals’ needs. This should also include insights in the communicative habits and experiences of persons with Parkinson’s disease and their close communication partners.
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| 8. |
- Johansson, Inga-Lena, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Patients’ and communication partners’ experiences of communicative changes in Parkinson’s disease
- 2020
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165. ; 42:13, s. 1835-1843
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate the experiences of people with Parkinson’s disease and their close communication partners regarding disease-related communicative changes and participation in everyday conversations.Materials and methods: Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with six dyads consisting of a person with Parkinson’s disease and a close communication partner. The interview material was analysed through thematic analysis.Results: The main theme was the experiences of barriers and facilitators for participation in conversations. Subthemes were experiences related to changes in voice and articulation, language and cognition, body language and facial expressions, fatigue, self-image, communicative initiative, and familiarity with conversation partner. The results show individual variation. A change observed in almost all dyads was the person with Parkinson’s disease participating less in conversations.Conclusions: Assessment and interventions should be based on a broad perspective on communication, and individuals’ priorities should be foregrounded in intervention planning. Both the person with Parkinson’s disease and communication partners need to make adjustments for communication to work. Therefore, close communication partners should be included in assessment and intervention of communicationin Parkinson’s disease from an early stage.
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| 9. |
- Johansson, Inga-Lena, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Picture description in the assessment of connected speech intelligibility in Parkinson's disease : A pilot study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica. - Basel, Switzerland : S. Karger. - 1021-7762 .- 1421-9972. ; 74:5, s. 320-334
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Assessment of intelligibility in dysarthria tends to rely on oral reading of sentences or words. However, self-generated utterances are closer to a clients’ natural speech. This study investigated how transcription of utterances elicited by picture description can be used in the assessment of intelligibility in speakers with Parkinson’s disease.Methods: Speech samples from eleven speakers with Parkinson’s disease and six neurologically healthy persons were audio-recorded. Forty-two naive listeners completed transcriptions of self-generated sentences from a picture description task and orally read sentences from the Swedish Test of Intelligibility, as well as scaled ratings of narrative speech samples.Results: Intelligibility was higher in orally read than self-generated sentences and higher for content words than for the whole sentence in self-generated sentences for most of the speakers, although these within-group differences were not statistically significant at group level. Adding contextual leads for the listeners increased intelligibility in self-generated utterances significantly, but with individual variation. Although correlations between the intelligibility measures were at least moderate or strong, there was a considerable inter- and intra-speaker variability in intelligibility scores between tasks for the speakers with Parkinson’s disease, indicating individual variation of factors that impact intelligibility. Intelligibility scores from neurologically healthy speakers were generally high across tasks with no significant differences between the conditions.Conclusion: Within-speaker variability supports literature recommendations to use multiple methods and tasks when assessing intelligibility. The inclusion of transcription of self-generated utterances elicited by picture description to the intelligibility assessment has the potential to provide additional information to assessment methods based on oral reading of pre-scripted sentences and to inform the planning of interventions.
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| 10. |
- Lindeberg, Sophia, 1985-
(författare)
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Dementia, Sense-making and Evaluations : Implications for Communication
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In Sweden, the dementia assessment takes place within primary health care or specialized care. From a clinical perspective, there are many factors to consider in the assessment process, and for the families entering the diagnostic pathways, the process can be uncertain and arduous. However, many aspects of how the assessment process is experienced by those involved, is unknown. This thesis aims at shedding light on the diagnostic pathways in dementia, by investigating the experience of clinical professionals and families living with dementia, and experiences of cognitive testing by older adults without a dementia diagnosis or documented cognitive decline. Furthermore, the thesis aims at exploring how these experiences relate to interactional abilities and challenges in daily life.Study I explored the views and experiences of clinical professionals working in Memory Clinics, General Practitioners in primary health care and Speech Language Pathologists, in regard to clinical practices in dementia diagnosis, as well as team collaborations. Resources and barriers for good practice included clinical collaboration, guidelines, knowledge, staff-continuity, and time. For example, the clinical collaboration between the different professionals was important for a holistic view of the patient. During the diagnostic pathways, both informal (e.g. observations) and formal (e.g. cognitive tests) information was obtained. What was seen as obligatory for a diagnosis varied between clinicians and clinics, in particular when there were contradictions between the different information sources. Communication did not stand out as a clinical priority, even though all clinical professionals acknowledged communication as affected in dementia.Study II investigated how persons with dementia, and their family members, make sense of the diagnostic pathways, including their encounters with health care professionals. Experiences of cognitive and communicative abilities in daily life, and potential cognitive- communicative change, were also studied, as well as how these experiences of daily function related to the clinical testing. The testing process gave rise to feelings of uncertainty, and it could be difficult to make sense of the purpose of the testing, as well as the outcomes of the testing (such as a participant being told by his physician that he could no longer drive). The participants’ experiences of function in daily lives sometimes contrasted with the experiences of the decontextualised testing in the clinical setting. In Dementia, sense-making and evaluations 2 everyday life, the participants would draw upon collaborative resources in order to address functional change, at the same time balancing their self-image and wish to be seen as competent communication partners.Study III examined how conceptualizations of ageing and cognition were manifested in evaluations and accounts during interviews with persons over 65 years of age, after testing with a cognitive screening tool. The sequential contexts of the evaluations and accounts were explored, as well as how these were related to social face-work. The evaluations and accounts were collaboratively built between the participant and the interviewer in order to manage potential face-threats. Evaluations included downplaying one’s own competence, while accounts included attributing difficulties to the test task being inherently difficult, or to lived experiences affecting the test performance, as well as cognitive change due to the normal ageing process. Participants’ reflections after completion of the screening test also revealed manifestation of dementia worry in varying degrees.Study IV investigated conversations with one married couple, where the husband had been diagnosed with dementia with Lewy bodies. Through standard clinical testing, interviews and a video recording of casual conversation, different conversation settings were explored. In the testing, the husband obtained high scores across a variety of test task. The interviews shed light on the resources and barriers, and the challenges the couple experienced in conversation, regarding for example the husband’s descriptions of difficulties in entering conversations, and the wife’s descriptions of misunderstandings. Through video-recorded observations, turn-taking practices were explored, showing how the wife would be in charge of the storytelling, whereas the husband would be in charge of monitoring the content and supporting the wife in providing details.The four studies’ results reveal how clinicians, families living with dementia, and persons over 65 years of age without suspected dementia, engage in complex sense-making processes in which they, during and after the assessment process and testing, evaluate the performances in relation to circumstances that may explain the results. For clinical professionals, both informal and formal considerations take place, in which they weigh the various information sources gathered during the assessment process. For the families in receipt of a dementia diagnosis, they may struggle in making sense of the process of the testing, the outcomes, and consequences. Regarding interaction in daily life, descriptions of change vary between families, and conversational patterns, barriers and facilitators are highly context dependent.
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