| 1. |
- Erdbrügger, Uta, et al.
(författare)
-
Higher levels of SDMA and not ADMA are associated with poorer survival of trial patients with systemic ANCA-associated vasculitis
- 2018
-
Ingår i: European journal of rheumatology. - : AVES. - 2147-9720 .- 2148-4279. ; 5:3, s. 153-159
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Endothelial dysfunction, increased cardiovascular events (CVE), and accelerated atherosclerosis have been described in patients with small vessel vasculitis and collagen vascular disease. Identifying predictors of cardiovascular risk will help to optimize short- and long-term care of patients with vasculitis. The present study investigates the predictive role of the endogenous nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and its stereoisomer symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) for cardiovascular risk, all-cause mortality, and renal function in patients with anti-neutrophil-cytoplasmic antibodies-associated small vessel vasculitis (AASV) subjected to standardized treatment regimens in four European Vasculitis Study Group trials representing all stages of renal disease.
|
|
| 2. |
- Fu, Li, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter and its specific components on blood pressure and hypertension incidence
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Environment International. - 0160-4120 .- 1873-6750. ; 184
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Epidemiological evidence on the association of PM2.5 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm) and its specific components with hypertension and blood pressure is limited. Methods: We applied information of participants from the World Health Organization's (WHO) Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE) to estimate the associations of long-term PM2.5 mass and its chemical components exposure with blood pressure (BP) and hypertension incidence in Chinese adults ≥ 50 years during 2007–2018. Generalized linear mixed model and Cox proportional hazard model were applied to investigate the effects of PM2.5 mass and its chemical components on the incidence of hypertension and BP, respectively. Results: Each interquartile range (IQR = 16.80 μg/m3) increase in the one-year average of PM2.5 mass concentration was associated with a 17 % increase in the risk of hypertension (HR = 1.17, 95 % CI: 1.10, 1.24), and the population attributable fraction (PAF) was 23.44 % (95 % CI: 14.69 %, 31.55 %). Each IQR μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 exposure was also related to increases of systolic blood pressure (SBP) by 2.54 mmHg (95 % CI:1.99, 3.10), and of diastolic blood pressure (DBP) by 1.36 mmHg (95 % CI: 1.04, 1.68). Additionally, the chemical components of SO42−, NO3−, NH4+, OM, and BC were also positively associated with an increased risk of hypertension incidence and elevated blood pressure. Conclusions: These results indicate that long-term exposure to PM2.5 mass and its specific components may be major drivers of escalation in hypertension diseases.
|
|
| 3. |
- Jia, Keqin, et al.
(författare)
-
Reducing alcohol-related driving on china’s roads : Traffic police officers’ perceptions and practice
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 16th International Conference Road Safety on Four Continents. - Linköping : Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A national law was introduced in China in 2011 to criminalize drunk driving, and impose serious penalties including jail for driving with a blood alcohol level of above 80mg/100ml. This pilot study, undertaken a year after introduction of the law, sought traffic police officers’ perceptions of drink driving and the practice of breath alcohol testing (BAT) in a large city in Guangdong Province, southern China. A questionnaire survey and semi-structured interviews were used to gain an in-depth understanding of issues relevant to alcohol-related driving. Fifty-five traffic police officers were recruited for the survey and six traffic police officers with a variety of working experience including roadside alcohol breath testing, traffic crash investigation and police resourcing were interviewed individually. The officers were recruited by the first author with the assistance of the staff from Guangdong Institute of Public Health, Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Interview participants reported three primary reasons why people drink and drive:being prepared to take the chance of not being apprehended by policethe strong traditional Chinese drinking cultureinsufficient public awareness about the harmfulness of drink drivingProblems associated with the process of breath alcohol testing (BAT) were described and fit broadly into two categories: resourcing and avoiding detection. It was reported that there were insufficient traffic police officers to conduct routine traffic policing, including alcohol testing. Police BAT equipment was considered sufficient for routine traffic situations but not highway traffic operations. Local media and posters are used by the Public Security Bureau which is responsible for education about safe driving but participants thought that the education campaigns are limited in scope. Participants also described detection avoidance strategies used by drivers including: changing route; ignoring a police instruction to stop; staying inside the vehicle with windows and doors locked to avoid being tested; intentionally not performing breath tests correctly; and arguing with officers.
|
|
| 4. |
- Kristanl, Matej, et al.
(författare)
-
The Seventh Visual Object Tracking VOT2019 Challenge Results
- 2019
-
Ingår i: 2019 IEEE/CVF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER VISION WORKSHOPS (ICCVW). - : IEEE COMPUTER SOC. - 9781728150239 ; , s. 2206-2241
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking challenge VOT2019 is the seventh annual tracker benchmarking activity organized by the VOT initiative. Results of 81 trackers are presented; many are state-of-the-art trackers published at major computer vision conferences or in journals in the recent years. The evaluation included the standard VOT and other popular methodologies for short-term tracking analysis as well as the standard VOT methodology for long-term tracking analysis. The VOT2019 challenge was composed of five challenges focusing on different tracking domains: (i) VOT-ST2019 challenge focused on short-term tracking in RGB, (ii) VOT-RT2019 challenge focused on "real-time" short-term tracking in RGB, (iii) VOT-LT2019 focused on long-term tracking namely coping with target disappearance and reappearance. Two new challenges have been introduced: (iv) VOT-RGBT2019 challenge focused on short-term tracking in RGB and thermal imagery and (v) VOT-RGBD2019 challenge focused on long-term tracking in RGB and depth imagery. The VOT-ST2019, VOT-RT2019 and VOT-LT2019 datasets were refreshed while new datasets were introduced for VOT-RGBT2019 and VOT-RGBD2019. The VOT toolkit has been updated to support both standard short-term, long-term tracking and tracking with multi-channel imagery. Performance of the tested trackers typically by far exceeds standard baselines. The source code for most of the trackers is publicly available from the VOT page. The dataset, the evaluation kit and the results are publicly available at the challenge website(1).
|
|
| 5. |
- Ma, Wenjun, et al.
(författare)
-
Responses of soil extracellular enzyme activities and microbial community properties to interaction between nitrogen addition and increased precipitation in a semi-arid grassland ecosystem
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0048-9697. ; 703
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Both atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition and precipitation can strongly impact below-ground biogeochemical processes. Soil extracellular enzymes activities (EEAs) and microorganisms are considered as the key agents in ecosystem nutrient cycling. However, how the interaction between increasing N deposition and precipitation may affect soil EEAs and microbes remain poorly understood. In a 5-year field experiment in a meadow steppe in northern China, we tested the effects of N addition (N0, 0; N1, 5; N2, 10 g N m−2 yr−1) and increased precipitation (W0, ambient precipitation; W1, increase of 15% ambient precipitation; W2, increase of 30% ambient precipitation) on soil EEAs, microbial and chemical properties. Results showed that their interaction significantly affected all hydrolase activities, except for β-1,4-xylosidase (βX). Furthermore, increased precipitation and N addition interactively affected bacterial gene copies (P ≤ 0.05), and increased precipitation comparatively had a stronger effects. The results on the combination of N addition and increased precipitation showed that increased precipitation alleviated the positive effects of N addition on soil EEAs. This implies that the effects of either treatment alone on grassland biogeochemical processes may be alleviated by their simultaneous occurrence. Our results suggested that soil EEAs were mainly controlled by the content of N and phosphorus (P), and the ratio of C: N and C: P. Therefore, soil element content and stoichiometry could better explain the responses of EEAs to global changes. Moreover, soil microbial communities were mainly controlled by soil P content. Overall, our study highlights that the interaction between N deposition and precipitation may play a vital role in predicting the responses of soil enzyme activities to global changes in grassland ecosystems.
|
|
| 6. |
- Ma, Xuemei, et al.
(författare)
-
Novel fluoranthene dyes for efficient dye-sensitized solar cells
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Dyes and pigments. - : Elsevier BV. - 0143-7208 .- 1873-3743. ; 82:3, s. 353-359
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Three, novel, fluoranthene-based dyes, 2-cyano-3-(5-(7,12-diphenylbenzo[k]fluoranthen-3-yl)thiophen-2-yl)acryli c acid, 2-(5-((5-(7,12-diphenylben-zo[k]fluoranthen-3-yl)thiophen-2-yl)methylene )-4-oxo-2-thioxothiazolidin-3-yl)acetic acid and 2-cyano-3-(4-(2-(7,12-diphenylbenzo[k]fluoranthen-3-yl)ethynyl)phenyl) acrylic acid, were synthesized for application as sensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells. In each dye, the 7,12-diphenyl-benzo[k]fluoranthene moiety acted as electron donor with phenyl and thiophene units as electron spacers and carboxylic acid as electron acceptor. Tuning of the HOMO and LUMO energy levels was conveniently accomplished by changing the spacer and acceptor moiety, as confirmed using electrochemical measurements. Maximum solar energy:electricity conversion efficiency was 4.4% under AM 1.5 solar simulator (100 mW cm(-2)) for 2-cyano-3-(5-(7,12-diphenylbenzo[k]fluoranthen-3-yl)thiophen-2-yl)acryli c acid. The results suggest that dyes based on fluoranthene donor are promising candidates for high performance, dye-sensitized solar cells.
|
|
| 7. |
- Ma, Z. F., et al.
(författare)
-
Structure-Property Relationships of Oligothiophene-Isoindigo Polymers for Efficient Bulk-Heterojunction Solar Cells
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Energy and Environmental Sciences. - 1754-5692 .- 1754-5706. ; 7:1, s. 361-369
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A series of alternating oligothiophene (nT)–isoindigo (I) copolymers (PnTI) were synthesized to investigate the influence of the oligothiophene block length on the photovoltaic (PV) properties of PnTI:PCBM bulk-heterojunction blends. Our study indicates that the number of thiophene rings (n) in the repeating unit alters both polymer crystallinity and polymer–fullerene interfacial energetics, which results in a decreasing open-circuit voltage (Voc) of the solar cells with increasing n. The short-circuit current density (Jsc) of P1TI:PCBM devices is limited by the absence of a significant driving force for electron transfer. Instead, blends based on P5TI and P6TI feature large polymer domains, which limit charge generation and thus Jsc. The best PV performance with a power conversion efficiency of up to 6.9% was achieved with devices based on P3TI, where a combination of a favorable morphology and an optimal interfacial energy level offset ensures efficient exciton separation and charge generation. The structure–property relationship demonstrated in this work would be a valuable guideline for the design of high performance polymers with small energy losses during the charge generation process, allowing for the fabrication of efficient solar cells that combine a minimal loss in Voc with a high Jsc.
|
|
| 8. |
- Ma, Zaifei, et al.
(författare)
-
Structure-Property Relationships of Oligothiophene-Isoindigo Polymers for Efficient Bulk-Heterojunction Solar Cells
- 2014
-
Ingår i: energy and environmental science. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 1754-5692. ; 17:1, s. 361-369
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A series of alternating oligothiophene (nT)-isoindigo (I) copolymers (PnTI) were synthesized to investigate the influence of the oligothiophene block length on the photovoltaic (PV) properties of PnTI:PCBM bulk-heterojunction blends. Our study indicates that the number of thiophene rings (n) in the repeating unit alters both, polymer crystallinity and polymer-fullerene interfacial energetics, which results in a decreasing open-circuit voltage (Voc) of the solar cells with increasing n. The short-circuit current density (Jsc) of P1TI:PCBM devices is limited by the absence of a significant driving force for electron transfer. Instead, blends based on P5TI and P6TI feature large polymer domains, which limit charge generation and thus Jsc. The best PV performance with a power conversion efficiency of up to 6.9% was achieved with devices based on P3TI, where a combination of favorable morphology and optimal interface energy level offset ensures efficient exciton separation and charge generation. The structure-property relationship demonstrated in this work is a valuable guideline for the design of high performance polymers with small energy losses during the charge generation process, allowing for the fabrication of efficient solar cells that combine a minimal loss in Voc with a high Jsc.
|
|
| 9. |
- Ni, Wenjun, et al.
(författare)
-
Ultrafast Tuning of Various Photochemical Pathways in Perylene-TCNQ Charge-Transfer Crystals
- 2020
-
Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 124:25, s. 13894-13901
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Excited-state dynamics in a strong charge-transfer (perylene)(3)-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (P3T1) single-crystal system was studied by use of femtosecond transient absorption and upconversion time-resolved fluorescence techniques. Charge separation within 0.6-1.2 ps and subsequent recombination within 6.6-12 ps was demonstrated. Moreover, the excited-state dynamics in the P3T1 crystal was found to depend on excitation energies. Excitation of upper excited electronic states (4.96 eV) leads to efficient direct population of perylene triplet states via singlet fission. At lower excitation photon energies, enhancement of triplet state formation via intersystem crossing as a result of efficient spin-orbit charge transfer was observed. By varying the excitation wavelength, the performance of optoelectronic devices can be tuned, i.e., photon absorption, free carrier transfer, mobility, and recombination.
|
|
| 10. |
- Sun, Wenjun, 1989, et al.
(författare)
-
An alternating D-A1-D-A2 copolymer containing two electron-deficient moieties for efficient polymer solar cells
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry A. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2050-7488 .- 2050-7496. ; 1:37, s. 11141-11144
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Unlike normal donor-acceptor (D-A) polymers containing only one electron-deficient segment in their repeating unit, the incorporation of two electron-deficient moieties with different absorption behaviors, forming a D-A1-D-A2 internal structure in the alternating copolymer, showed a broader absorption spectrum than its constituent parts and enhanced photovoltaic performance. This work is anticipated to open the door to the design of new low bandgap polymers with a broader absorption range for efficient polymer solar cells.
|
|
