| 1. |
- An, Junghwa, et al.
(författare)
-
Permanent Genetic Resources added to Molecular Ecology Resources Database 1 October 2009-30 November 2009
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Molecular Ecology Resources. - : Wiley. - 1755-098X .- 1755-0998. ; 10:2, s. 404-408
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article documents the addition of 411 microsatellite marker loci and 15 pairs of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) sequencing primers to the Molecular Ecology Resources Database. Loci were developed for the following species: Acanthopagrus schlegeli, Anopheles lesteri, Aspergillus clavatus, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus terreus, Branchiostoma japonicum, Branchiostoma belcheri, Colias behrii, Coryphopterus personatus, Cynogolssus semilaevis, Cynoglossus semilaevis, Dendrobium officinale, Dendrobium officinale, Dysoxylum malabaricum, Metrioptera roeselii, Myrmeciza exsul, Ochotona thibetana, Neosartorya fischeri, Nothofagus pumilio, Onychodactylus fischeri, Phoenicopterus roseus, Salvia officinalis L., Scylla paramamosain, Silene latifo, Sula sula, and Vulpes vulpes. These loci were cross-tested on the following species: Aspergillus giganteus, Colias pelidne, Colias interior, Colias meadii, Colias eurytheme, Coryphopterus lipernes, Coryphopterus glaucofrenum, Coryphopterus eidolon, Gnatholepis thompsoni, Elacatinus evelynae, Dendrobium loddigesii Dendrobium devonianum, Dysoxylum binectariferum, Nothofagus antarctica, Nothofagus dombeyii, Nothofagus nervosa, Nothofagus obliqua, Sula nebouxii, and Sula variegata. This article also documents the addition of 39 sequencing primer pairs and 15 allele specific primers or probes for Paralithodes camtschaticus.
|
|
| 2. |
- Huang, Yajun, et al.
(författare)
-
Experimental study of flame spread over thermally-thin inclined fuel surface and controlling heat transfer mechanism under concurrent wind
- 2021
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Thermal Sciences. - : Elsevier BV. - 1290-0729. ; 165
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The fuel inclination and wind velocity play a significant role on the forward flame spread behavior. It deserves further study since the heat transfer mechanism and flame spread characteristics coupled these two factors are not clear yet. In this paper, a thermally thin slab of PMMA that could be inclined from a horizontal (0°) to a vertical (90°) angle is used to investigate flame spread behavior under the condition of the concurrent ambient airflow. A wind tunnel is utilized to provide a uniform concurrent airflow, ranging from 0 (quiescent) to 3 m/s with an interval of 0.5 m/s. Essential flame characteristic parameters are collected to quantify the flame spread process, including flame spread rate (FSR), burning rate, heat release rate as well as heat flux feedback both in the pyrolysis and preheating zones. A mechanism, including the competition between the acceleration of buoyancy brought by inclination and the cooling effect of ambient airflow for relatively high wind velocity, is developed. The relationship between flame length and pyrolysis length is investigated. Moreover, the evolution of both heat release rate per unit width and standoff distance as a function of pyrolysis length are analyzed. A dimensionless heat release rate for upward flame at different wind velocities is used to scale the dimensionless flame length with a power-law exponent of 0.77 and −1.92. In addition, the dimensionless heat flux in preheated zone decay with distance as a function of power law. A predictive formulation of FSR coupled with inclination angle and wind velocity is proposed. This study facilitates the understanding of the interaction of fuel inclination angle and horizontal ambient airflow from aspect of heat and mass transfer.
|
|
| 3. |
- Ma, Chuanwei, et al.
(författare)
-
Global trends in the prevalence of secondhand smoke exposure among adolescents aged 12-16 years from 1999 to 2018 : an analysis of repeated cross-sectional surveys.
- 2021
-
Ingår i: The Lancet Global Health. - : Elsevier. - 2214-109X. ; 9:12, s. E1667-E1678
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Secondhand smoke exposure can cause morbidity and premature mortality. However, the global prevalence of, and trends in, secondhand smoke exposure among adolescents are poorly documented. We aimed to assess the prevalence of, and trends in, secondhand smoke exposure among adolescents from 1999 to 2018.METHODS: We did an analysis of the most recent data from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS), a nationally representative, self-administered, school-based cross-sectional survey of tobacco use and related factors among adolescents aged 12-16 years worldwide. Data from 142 countries and territories that had done a GYTS between 2010 and 2018, comprising 711 366 participants, were used to assess the prevalence of secondhand smoke exposure. Data from 131 countries and territories that had done two or more surveys between 1999 and 2018, comprising 1 405 458 participants, were used to assess trends in secondhand smoke exposure. The frequency of secondhand smoke exposure at home, in public places, or in any place was defined as follows, based on students' responses: 1 or more days, 3 or more days, 5 or more days, or daily during the past 7 days.FINDINGS: Based on the most recent surveys done in 142 countries between Jan 1, 2010, and Dec 31, 2018, the global prevalence of secondhand smoke exposure in any place was 62·9% (95% CI 61·7-64·1) on 1 or more days, 51·0% (49·8-52·1) on 3 or more days, 40·1% (38·9-41·2) on 5 or more days, and 32·5% (31·5-33·6) daily during the past 7 days. The prevalence of secondhand smoke exposure at home was 33·1% (95% CI 32·1-34·1) on 1 or more days, 20·1% (19·3-20·9) on 3 or more days, 14·9% (14·2-15·7) on 5 or more days, and 12·3% (11·7-13·0) daily during the past 7 days; and in public places the prevalence of secondhand smoke exposure was 57·6% (56·4-58·8) on 1 or more days, 43·4% (42·2-44·6) on 3 or more days, 30·3% (29·2-31·5) on 5 or more days, and 23·5% (22·5-24·5) daily during the past 7 days. Between Jan 1, 1999, and Dec 31, 2018, the prevalence of secondhand smoke exposure (on ≥1 day during the past 7 days) in any place decreased in 57 (43·5%) of 131 countries, increased in 27 (20·6%), and remained unchanged in 47 (35·9%). Although the prevalence of secondhand smoke exposure at home decreased in 86 (65·6%) countries, the prevalence in public places did not change in 46 (35·1%) countries and increased in 40 (30·5%).INTERPRETATION: Secondhand smoke exposure among adolescents remains a serious public health challenge worldwide. Although the prevalence of secondhand smoke exposure at home decreased in most countries, the prevalence in public places increased or remained unchanged in most countries between 1999 and 2018. These findings emphasise the need to strengthen smoke-free policies, especially in public places.FUNDING: Youth Team of Humanistic and Social Science of Shandong University, Jinan, China.TRANSLATION: For the Chinese translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
