| 1. |
- Almered Olsson, Gunilla, 1951, et al.
(författare)
-
Variation in Life History Traits of Gentiana nivalis (Gentianaceae) in Alpine and Sub-alpine Habitats in the Norwegian Mountains – Implications for Biodiversity in relation to Environmental Change
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Annales Botanici Fennici. - : Finnish Zoological and Botanical Publishing Board. - 0003-3847 .- 1797-2442. ; 52:3-4, s. 149-159
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The alpine gentian, Gentiana nivalis, is an obligate annual. Because of its complete population turnover every year, it is likely to be more responsive to environmental shifts than are perennials, and also likely to undergo more rapid genetic change in response to selection pressure. The detected morphological differentiation between habitats was related to different proportions of spring- and autumn-germinating individuals with a larger proportion of winter annuals in the subalpine habitats. The spring-germinating annuals that have shorter time for development and have a shorter stature can still develop at the alpine sites where competition is weaker. The subalpine habitats are all semi-natural, shaped by livestock grazing and human activities related to summer farming. Declining human impact is leading to successional changes in the mountain landscape. The future of G. nivalis in the light of current trends in landscape development and climate change is discussed.
|
|
| 2. |
- Antell, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
-
Arbetsintegrerad lärarutbildning : En modell för att utbilda lärare som minskar klyftan mellan akademi och skolverksamhet
- 2022
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I lärarutbildningar beskrivs ofta såväl nationellt som internationellt den klyfta som finns mellan de verksamhetsförlagda och de högskoleförlagda delarna av utbildningarna. Det görs i flera lärarutbildningar ansträngningar att minska denna klyfta genom en närmare integration av dessa delar och inte minst fokuseras handledningens betydelse. Den arbetsintegrerade lärarutbildning som undersöks i föreliggande studie är ett resultat av ett sådant samarbete mellan en högskola och skolhuvudmän i en region med 15 kommuner. Studien syftar till att belysa arbetsintegrerade utbildningarnas attraktivitet och hur de arbetsintegrerade utbildningarna stödjer lärarstudenters möjlighet att utvecklas i läraryrket under sin utbildning. Ett huvudsakligt avstamp tas i Lave & Wengers teori ”situated learning” som bl.a. berör yrkesutbildningar. Det empiriska dataunderlaget utgörs av enkäter som analyserats utifrån såväl kvantitativa som kvalitativa aspekter. Sammanfattningsvis är slutsatserna att arbetsintegrerad lärarutbildning är attraktiv och ger lärarstudenterna möjlighet att utvecklas i läraryrket, men det finns flera områden som behöver utvecklas. De arbetsintegrerade utbildningarna är kvalificerade utbildningar, som för lärarstudenterna inte bara handlar om vad en lärare bör göra utan i huvudsak handlar om en möjlighet att befinna sig i något. Detta kan ses som ett unikt fokus vad gäller lärarutbildningar vilket kräver ett kontinuerligt utvecklingsarbete av personal i såväl högskola som i skolverksamhet i samverkan med lärarstudenter. Slutsatsen är att den arbetsintegrerade utbildningen utgöra en möjlighet att minska den klyfta som finnas mellan akademi och skolverksamhet.
|
|
| 3. |
- Antell, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
-
Eco-anxiety in the global classroom : Educational strategies about biodiversity in a sustainable perspective
- 2021
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dalarna UniversitySusanne Antell - Jörgen Dimenäs - Annie-Maj Johansson - Johanne Maad - Lena SkoglundEco-anxiety in the global classroom - educational strategies about biodiversity in a sustainable perspectiveFrom all over the world it has been reported that children are increasingly suffering anxiety and grief about climate change, what has been termed “eco-anxiety”. The anxiety is partly built up by concerns for species survival. One million animal species are threatened by extinction, and fundamental system changes are needed to save the quality of life worldwide, according to the IPBES (2019) report.Swedish preschools and elementary schools have long traditions of education for sustainable development, primarily by visiting nature and recycling materials. However, young people´s concerns about climate change force schools to reorient education towards a more global world where sustainable and ethical values include all forms of life.The aim of this study is to investigate what can affect the way students, teachers and whole schools do or do not engage with the challenging issues in a global learning agenda with a special focus on biodiversity loss.Theoretical frameworkThe study takes its theoretical point of departure regarding learning and teaching from Deweys (1934/1980) aesthetic theory that makes it possible to study pupil´s engagement and their meaning making as a holistic process. Important for the study is also Roberts (2007) argument that studies in science education not purely should be related to pupils’ natural scientific general knowledges and their opportunity to work with inquiry but also to values related to their attitudes and engagement.Action researchThe study will be conducted in three steps related to action research. Firstly, a questionnaire will be sent to preschool teachers and teachers to investigate to what extent and in what areas are they teaching about biodiversity. Secondly, preschool teachers and teachers, will participate in focus groups to discuss how we can reach beyond their present teaching. Thirdly, will we together with preschool teachers and teachers finally develop holistic educational models where discussions about sustainable and ethical values are given a significant role in science education.Expected findingsAn expected result is to achieve models for education, together with teachers, where sustainable and ethical discussions embracing different life forms in both local and global contexts will contribute to meaning making and a holistic approach in the classroom.Relevance to Nordic educational researchThe study is relevant for the Nordic educational research since it will identify how Nordic schools may use eco-anxiety as a catalyst for developing interest, knowledge and engagementabout complex issues related to climate change, such as sustainable and ethical dimensions of anthropogenic biodiversity loss.In this symposium participants are invited to share reflections on how schools may transform eco-anxiety to action competence.Dewey, J. (1934/1980). Art as experience. New York: Touchstone.IPBES (2019). Summary for policymakers of the global assessment report on biodiversity and ecosystem services of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services.IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany.Roberts, D. A. (2007). Scientific Literacy/science literacy. In S. K. Abell & N. G. Lederman (Eds)Handbook of research on science education. 729-780. Mahwah, New Jersy, USA: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Boberg, Elin, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
-
Pollinator shifts and the evolution of spur length in the moth-pollinated orchid Platanthera bifolia
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Annals of Botany. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0305-7364 .- 1095-8290. ; 113:2, s. 267-275
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plantpollinator interactions are thought to have shaped much of floral evolution. Yet the relative importance of pollinator shifts and coevolutionary interactions for among-population variation in floral traits in animal-pollinated species is poorly known. This study examined the adaptive significance of spur length in the moth-pollinated orchid Platanthera bifolia. Geographical variation in the length of the floral spur of P. bifolia was documented in relation to variation in the pollinator fauna across Scandinavia, and a reciprocal translocation experiment was conducted in south-east Sweden between a long-spurred woodland population and a short-spurred grassland population. Spur length and pollinator fauna varied among regions and habitats, and spur length was positively correlated with the proboscis length of local pollinators. In the reciprocal translocation experiment, long-spurred woodland plants had higher pollination success than short-spurred grassland plants at the woodland site, while no significant difference was observed at the grassland site. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that optimal floral phenotype varies with the morphology of the local pollinators, and that the evolution of spur length in P. bifolia has been largely driven by pollinator shifts.
|
|
| 7. |
- Lankinen, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
-
Pollen-tube growth rates in Collinsia heterophylla (Plantaginaceae) : one-donor crosses reveal heritability but no effect on sporophytic-offspring fitness
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Annals of Botany. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0305-7364 .- 1095-8290. ; 103:6, s. 941-950
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Evolutionary change in response to natural selection will occur only if a trait confers a selective advantage and there is heritable variation. Positive connections between pollen traits and fitness have been found, but few studies of heritability have been conducted, and they have yielded conflicting results. To understand better the evolutionary significance of pollen competition and its potential role in sexual selection, the heritability of pollen tube-growth rate and the relationship between this trait and sporophytic offspring fitness were investigated in Collinsia heterophylla. Because the question being asked was if female function benefited from obtaining genetically superior fathers by enhancing pollen competition, one-donor (per flower) crosses were used in order to exclude confounding effects of post-fertilization competition/allocation caused by multiple paternity. Each recipient plant was crossed with an average of five pollen donors. Pollen-tube growth rate and sporophytic traits were measured in both generations. Pollen-tube growth rate in vitro differed among donors, and the differences were correlated with in vivo growth rate averaged over two to four maternal plants. Pollen-tube growth rate showed significant narrow-sense heritability and evolvability in a father-offspring regression. However, this pollen trait did not correlate significantly with sporophytic-offspring fitness. These results suggest that pollen-tube growth rate can respond to selection via male function. The data presented here do not provide any support for the hypothesis that intense pollen competition enhances maternal plant fitness through increased paternity by higher-quality sporophytic fathers, although this advantage cannot be ruled out. These data are, however, consistent with the hypothesis that pollen competition is itself selectively advantageous, through both male and female function, by reducing the genetic load among successful gametophytic fathers (pollen), and reducing inbreeding depression associated with self-pollination in plants with mix-mating systems.
|
|
| 8. |
- Maad, Johanne, 1970-
(författare)
-
En lärorik förskolegård – pedagogisk personal i förskolan resonerar om förskolegårdens utformning
- 2016
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Den här studien handlar om förskolegårdens utformning och utveckling som läranderum ur den pedagogiska personalens perspektiv. Lärandet är situerat och måste förstås i ett sammanhang av den miljön den sker i. Eftersom förskolebarn vistas mycket utomhus är utomhusmiljön viktig som har betydelse för barnens utveckling och lärande. En varierad miljö kan erbjuda många möjligheter till lärande genom kroppen och sinnena. Projektets syfte är att tillsammans med förskolor utveckla kunskap om förutsättningar för lärande på förskolegården. Frågeställningar:Vilka meningserbjudanden på förskolegården beskriver personalen?Vilka förändringar av förskolegårdens föreslår personalen?Vilka förutsättningar och hinder finns för utveckling av förskolegården enligt personalen? Metoden som har använts i denna studie är fokusgrupper. Tre grupper med pedagogisk personal från olika förskolor har träffats två gånger. Intervjuerna transkriberades med fokus på samtalens innehåll. För att kunna urskilja mönster i materialet användes innehållsanalys. Personalen uttrycker att de är ganska nöjda med förskolornas gårdar. Generellt beskriver de en varierad gård med både naturmiljö och designad miljö samt varierat material. De kopplar gårdens utformning och material till ett rikt meningserbjudande inom många olika områden inklusive naturvetenskap och teknik. Många lyfter särskilt fram att tillgång på vatten, sand och annat ostrukturerat material, samt att den naturliga miljön på gården med träd, buskar och stenar etc. erbjuder många olika aktiviteter. Personalen ger förslag på hur gården skulle kunna utvecklas för att bli mer hälsofrämjande och lärorik, men visar samtidigt en frustration över att det är svårt att få till förändringar pga de hinder som finns. De hinder som beskrivs är bland annat att det krävs tid, pengar, kunskap, stöd från förskolechef och föräldrar, samt samarbete och förhandling med andra avdelningar, t.ex. fastighetsförvaltningen. Deltagarna önskar riktlinjer för hur de kan kommunicera med andra avdelningar och hur man går till väga för att utveckla förskolegårdar.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Maad, Johanne, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
-
Floral size variation in Campanula rotundifolia (Campanulaceae) along altitudinal gradients : patterns and possible selective mechanisms
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Botany. - : Wiley. - 0107-055X .- 1756-1051. ; 31:3, s. 361-371
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated patterns of flower-size variation along altitudinal gradients in the bee-pollinated perennial Campanula rotundifolia (Campanulaceae) by examining 22 Norwegian populations at altitudes between 240 and 1100 m a.s.l. We explored potential mechanisms for the underlying pattern by quantifying pollinator-faunal composition, pollinator-visitation rates and pollen limitation of seed set in subsets of the study populations. Despite a decrease in plant size, several measures of flower size increased with elevation. Bumble bees were the main pollinators at both alpine and lowland sites in the study area. However, species composition of the pollinator fauna differed, and pollinators were larger in higher-elevation than in lower-elevation sites. Pollinator visitation rates were lower at higher-elevations than at lower elevations. Pollen limitation of seed set did not vary significantly with altitude. Our results are consistent with differences in bumble-bee size and visitation rates as causal mechanisms for the relatively larger flowers at higher elevations, in three non-mutually exclusive ways: 1) Larger flowers reflect selection for increased attractiveness where pollinators are rare. 2) Larger and fewer flowers represent a risk avoidance strategy where the probability of pollination is low on any given day. 3) Flower size variation reflects selection to improve the fit of pollinators with fertile structures by matching flower size to pollinator size across sites.
|
|
