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| 2. |
- Boersma, Katja, et al.
(författare)
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Longitudinal relationships between pain and stress problems in the general population : predicting trajectories from cognitive behavioral variables
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of applied biobehavioral research. - : Wiley. - 1071-2089 .- 1751-9861. ; 17:4, s. 229-248
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lately, cognitive behavioral models have put forth that the co-occurrence of pain and stress might be explained by mutually maintaining psychological mechanisms such as catastrophizing and avoidance. This study aimed to map the interrelationship between pain, stress, catastrophizing, cognitive, and behavioral avoidance across time. A general population sample (n = 551) was followed from baseline to 3-month and 1-year follow-up. The results revealed subgroups with stress and pain in combination as well as in isolation. The subgroups were highly stable across time, and catastrophizing, cognitive, and behavioral avoidance were related to the development of symptoms. The results support that shared, but also specific cognitive and behavioral, processes may maintain and drive the development of pain and stress problems.
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| 3. |
- Danielsson, Nanette S., 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Sleep Disturbance and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescence : The Role of Catastrophic Worry
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Youth and Adolescence. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0047-2891 .- 1573-6601. ; 42:8, s. 1223-1233
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Depression is a common and debilitating disorder in adolescence. Sleep disturbances and depression often co-occur with sleep disturbances frequently preceding depression. The current study investigated whether catastrophic worry, a potential cognitive vulnerability, mediates the relationship between adolescent sleep disturbances and depressive symptoms, as well as whether there are gender differences in this relationship. High school students, ages 16-18, n = 1,760, 49 % girls, completed annual health surveys including reports of sleep disturbance, catastrophic worry, and depressive symptoms. Sleep disturbances predicted depressive symptoms 1-year later. Catastrophic worry partially mediated the relationship. Girls reported more sleep disturbances, depressive symptoms, and catastrophic worry relative to boys. The results, however, were similar regardless of gender. Sleep disturbances and catastrophic worry may provide school nurses, psychologists, teachers, and parents with non-gender specific early indicators of risk for depression. Several potentially important practical implications, including suggestions for intervention and prevention programs, are highlighted.
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| 4. |
- Flink, Ida K., 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding catastrophizing from a misdirected problem-solving perspective
- 2012
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Ingår i: British Journal of Health Psychology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1359-107X .- 2044-8287. ; 17:2, s. 408-419
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives. The aim is to explore pain catastrophizing from a problem-solving perspective. The links between catastrophizing, problem framing, and problem-solving behaviour are examined through two possible models of mediation as inferred by two contemporary and complementary theoretical models, the misdirected problem solving model (Eccleston & Crombez, 2007) and the fear-anxiety-avoidance model (Asmundson, Norton, & Vlaeyen, 2004).Design. In this prospective study, a general population sample (n= 173) with perceived problems with spinal pain filled out questionnaires twice; catastrophizing and problem framing were assessed on the first occasion and health care seeking (as a proxy for medically oriented problem solving) was assessed 7 months later.Methods. Two different approaches were used to explore whether the data supported any of the proposed models of mediation. First, multiple regressions were used according to traditional recommendations for mediation analyses. Second, a bootstrapping method (n= 1000 bootstrap resamples) was used to explore the significance of the indirect effects in both possible models of mediation.Results. The results verified the concepts included in the misdirected problem solving model. However, the direction of the relations was more in line with the fear-anxiety-avoidance model. More specifically, the mediation analyses provided support for viewing catastrophizing as a mediator of the relation between biomedical problem framing and medically oriented problem-solving behaviour.Conclusion. These findings provide support for viewing catastrophizing from a problem-solving perspective and imply a need to examine and address problem framing and catastrophizing in back pain patients.
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| 5. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Dark Personality Profiles: Estimating the Cluster Structure of the Dark Triad
- 2017
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Ingår i: PsyCh Journal. - : Wiley. - 2046-0252 .- 2046-0260. ; 6:3, s. 239-240
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We estimated the number of possible dark personality profiles in a large population (N = 18,088) using a subtractive clustering method, which suggested three cluster or dark personality profiles: high malevolent, intermediate malevolent, and low malevolent or benevolent. Although the three profiles differed significantly in each dark trait, there was a considerable large cluster overlap.
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| 6. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Differences in Happiness- Increasing Strategies Between and Within Affective Profiles
- 2016
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Ingår i: Clincal Experimental Psychology. - : OMICS Publishing Group. - 2471-2701. ; 2:3, s. 1-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In a recent study, Schütz and colleagues [1] used the affective profile model (i.e., the combination of peoples’ experience of high/low positive/negative affect) to investigate individual differences in intentional happiness-increasing strategies. Here we used a merged larger sample, a person-centered method to create the profiles, and a recent factor validated happiness-increasing strategies scale, to replicate the original findings. Method: The participants were 1,000 (404 males, 596 females) individuals recruited through Amazon’s Mechanical Turk (MTurk) who answered to the Positive Affect Negative Affect Schedule and the Happiness-Increasing Strategies Scales. Participants were clustered in the four affective profiles using the software RopStat (http://www. ropstat.com). Analyses of variance were conducted to discern differences in how frequently the strategies were used among people with different profiles. Results: Individuals with profiles at the extremes of the model (e.g., self-fulfilling vs. self-destructive) differed the most in their use of strategies. The differences within individuals with profiles that diverge in one affectivity dimension while being similar in the other suggested that, for example, decreases in negative affect while positive affect is low (self-destructive vs. low affective) will lead or might be a function of a decrease in usage of both the mental control and the passive leisure strategies. Conclusion: The self-fulfilling experience, depicted as high positive affect and low negative affect, is a combination of agentic (instrumental goal pursuit, active leisure, direct attempts), communal (social affiliation), and spiritual (religion) strategies. Nevertheless, the affective system showed the characteristics of a complex dynamic adaptive system: the same strategies might lead to different profiles (multi-finality) and different strategies might lead to the same profile (equifinality).
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| 7. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Factor Analysis of the Swedish Version of the Dark Triad Dirty Dozen
- 2017
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Ingår i: PsyCh Journal. - : Wiley. - 2046-0252 .- 2046-0260. ; 6:2, s. 166-167
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to test the proposed three-factor structure of the Swedish version of the Dark Triad Dirty Dozen measure. A confirmatory factor analysis showed there was mixed evidence for model fit. In contrast to expectations, men did not score significantly higher than women in Machiavellianism and narcissism. Nevertheless, men scored higher than women in psychopathy.
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| 8. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Happiness-Increasing Strategies among Affective Profiles
- 2015
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Ingår i: 4th World Congress on Positive Psychology. Lake Buena Vista, Florida, USA..
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The affective profile model (combinations of high and low positive, PA, and negative affect, NA) was used to investigate differences (N = 1000, age mean = 34.22, sd = 12.73) in Lyubomirsky’s eight clusters of intentional happiness-increasing strategies: Social Affiliation (e.g., “Support and encourage friends”), Partying and Clubbing (e.g., “Drink alcohol”), Mental Control (e.g., “Try not to think about being unhappy”), Instrumental Goal Pursuit (e.g. “Study”), Passive Leisure (e.g. “Surf the internet”), Active Leisure (e.g. “Exercise”), Religion (e.g. “Seek support from faith”), and Direct Attempts (e.g. “Act happy/smile”). The self-fulfilling profile (high PA/low NA) reported more frequent use of Social Affiliation, Instrumental Goal Pursuit, Active Leisure, Religion, and Direct Attempts. The high affective profile (high PA/high NA) reported more frequent use of Social Affiliation (although lower compared to the self-fulfilling profile), Partying and Clubbing, Mental Control, Instrumental Goal Pursuit, Passive Leisure, Active Leisure, Religion, and Direct Attempts (although lower than the self-fulfilling). The low affective profile (low PA/low NA) scored higher, compared to the self-destructive, in Social Affiliation, Active Leisure, and Direct Attempts. The self-destructive profile (low PA/high NA) scored higher in Mental Control (compared to the low affective and self-fulfilling profile) and Passive Leisure (compared to low affective).
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| 9. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Innovative Methods for Affectivity Profiling: Latent Profile Analysis
- 2023
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Ingår i: The Affective Profiles Model - 20 Years of Research and Beyond. - Cham : Springer. ; , s. 49-65
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: During the past 20 years, an increasing number of studies have used the affective profiles model as the backdrop for the investigation of between and within individual differences in various biological, psychological, and social constructs related to well-being and ill-being. In most of the literature, researchers use individuals’ self-reported affectivity for profiling throughout three different approaches: (1) dividing scores into high and low in reference to the median, (2) cluster analysis, and (3) the rank order of each individual in a large sample from the general population (i.e., percentiles). Nevertheless, a less used approach has been the Latent Profile Analysis (LPA). Aim: In this Chapter, we investigated and verified the prevalence of the theorized affective profiles in a large adult population using LPA, mapped the prevalence of these affective profiles to gender and age, and investigated differences in life satisfaction and harmony in life. Method: The sample consisted of residents of the USA who had participated in three different published studies (e.g., Garcia et al., 2015a, 2015b; Nima et al., 2020a, 2020b) and one unpublished study. The samples were amalgamated for this specific Chapter and comprised 4781 individuals (2459 males, 2243 females, plus 79 who did not report gender) with a mean age of 34.66 years (SD = 12.12). While all participants self-reported affect, 2427 participants self-reported both life satisfaction and harmony in life, and the rest reported either life satisfaction or harmony in life. We used several fit indices and analyses of variance to validate the best representation of the affective profiles model. Results: The best fitting model generated by LPA consisted of three profiles: self-fulfilling (60% of participants), moderate affective (27% of participants), and high affective (13% of participants). The comparison of positive affect and negative affect between and within profiles indicated that individuals with these profiles were different from each other in expected ways. Regarding demographic variables, we found that the moderate affective profile was more prevalent among females and younger individuals, while the self-fulfilling and the high affective profiles were more prevalent among males and older individuals. Furthermore, individuals with a moderate affective profile had significantly lower levels of life satisfaction and harmony in life compared to those with the other two profiles. However, in contrast to past studies in Europe using other methods for affectivity profiling, individuals with a high affective profile had higher levels of life satisfaction, but equal levels of harmony in life, than individuals with a self-fulfilling profile. Conclusions: The LPA method successfully yielded a valid representation of the complex adaptive affectivity meta-system. For researchers who intend to use this method, we recommend the different fit indices used here to choose the best fitting model (1), to further validate the profiles in the chosen model by investigating between- and within-profiles differences in affectivity (2), to consider both age and gender (3), and to interpret any results in the context of cultural values that might influence the way individuals both pursue and experience emotions (4).
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| 10. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Measuring Malevolent Character: Data Using The Swedish Version of Jonason’s Dark Triad Dirty Dozen
- 2017
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Ingår i: Data in Brief. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-3409. ; 14, s. 648-652
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The data include responses to the Swedish version of a brief questionnaire used to operationalize the Dark Triad of malevolent character: Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy. The data was collected among 342 Swedish university students and white-collar workers (see D. Garcia, S. MacDonald, M. Rapp Ricciardi [1]). In this article, we include the Swedish version of Jonason’s Dark Triad Dirty Dozen questionnaire. The data is available, SPSS and cvs file, as supplementary material in this article. Additionally, we also provide the scoring key as SPSS syntax file.
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