| 1. |
- Abou Ghayda, Ramy, et al.
(författare)
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The global case fatality rate of coronavirus disease 2019 by continents and national income: A meta-analysis
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Virology. - : WILEY. - 0146-6615 .- 1096-9071. ; 94:6, s. 2402-2413
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study is to provide a more accurate representation of COVID-19s case fatality rate (CFR) by performing meta-analyses by continents and income, and by comparing the result with pooled estimates. We used multiple worldwide data sources on COVID-19 for every country reporting COVID-19 cases. On the basis of data, we performed random and fixed meta-analyses for CFR of COVID-19 by continents and income according to each individual calendar date. CFR was estimated based on the different geographical regions and levels of income using three models: pooled estimates, fixed- and random-model. In Asia, all three types of CFR initially remained approximately between 2.0% and 3.0%. In the case of pooled estimates and the fixed model results, CFR increased to 4.0%, by then gradually decreasing, while in the case of random-model, CFR remained under 2.0%. Similarly, in Europe, initially, the two types of CFR peaked at 9.0% and 10.0%, respectively. The random-model results showed an increase near 5.0%. In high-income countries, pooled estimates and fixed-model showed gradually increasing trends with a final pooled estimates and random-model reached about 8.0% and 4.0%, respectively. In middle-income, the pooled estimates and fixed-model have gradually increased reaching up to 4.5%. in low-income countries, CFRs remained similar between 1.5% and 3.0%. Our study emphasizes that COVID-19 CFR is not a fixed or static value. Rather, it is a dynamic estimate that changes with time, population, socioeconomic factors, and the mitigatory efforts of individual countries.
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| 2. |
- Hayashi, Masaki, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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ULTRA-CG : Ultra High Resolution 4K/8K Real-time CG System
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 2012 ITE Annual Convention. ; , s. 1-2
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We propose an automatic news broadcasting system, which generates full-CG animated news-shows fromoriginal text formats from the Internet. This paper introduces the overall system and provides a feasibility test and workingmodel of the news show application generated from a HTML Internet news site. We also describe the future collaboration work.
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| 3. |
- Hayashi, Masaki, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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Ultra High Resolution 4K/8K Real-time CG System and Its Application
- 2013
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Ingår i: Proceedings of IWAIT2013. ; , s. 4-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We propose an 'Ultra-CG project' which promotes an extreme high-definition real-time computer graphics system with a resolution of 4K and 8K (Super Hi-Vision) which is more than the conventional HDTV. It is important for the project to study not only hardware and software requirements but also content creation methodology with which the content is displayed on extreme high-resolution display. We have first developed a functioning test system, which exhibits 'Virtual Museum' in 4K resolution to assess validity of our approach and clarify the tasks toward the further application development. The system consists of a PC with high-speed graphics cards and a 4K monitor. The real-time 3DCG software and all the CG models are built on Unity, which is a 3DCG game engine, used worldwide. We are now considering various feasible applications built on the system such as exhibition, entertainment, medical use and more. This paper describes the test system, discusses the future applications and collaboration of content creators and system engineers.
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| 4. |
- Hayashi, Masaki, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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Virtual Museum on 4K Ultra-high Resolution Real-time CG System
- 2013
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Ingår i: Proceedings of Virtual Reality Technical Seminar.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We have researched and developed a 'Virtual Museum' in an extreme high-definition real-time computer graphics system with a resolution of 4K and 8K (Super Hi-Vision). We have first developed a functioning test system, which exhibits Japanese artifacts 'Ukiyoe and pannel' in 4K resolution. In our system, the artifacts have been digitized in ultra high-resolution then positioned in a high-quality modeled exhibition space. A user can walkthrough in the exhibition space enabling to view the artifacts in a distance and also to get closer to observe its detailed surface seamlessly. With this method, we have successfully enhanced both sense of being there and sense of realness. In this paper, we first survey several virtual museums in practical use, then explain the detail of our system and introduce experiment results with discussion in comparison with the existing virtual museums.
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| 5. |
- Park, Seung Hyun, et al.
(författare)
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Nonpharmaceutical interventions reduce the incidence and mortality of COVID-19: A study based on the survey from the International COVID-19 Research Network (ICRN)
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Virology. - : WILEY. - 0146-6615 .- 1096-9071. ; 95:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The recently emerged novel coronavirus, "severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)," caused a highly contagious disease called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It has severely damaged the worlds most developed countries and has turned into a major threat for low- and middle-income countries. Since its emergence in late 2019, medical interventions have been substantial, and most countries relied on public health measures collectively known as nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). We aimed to centralize the accumulative knowledge of NPIs against COVID-19 for each country under one worldwide consortium. International COVID-19 Research Network collaborators developed a cross-sectional online survey to assess the implications of NPIs and sanitary supply on the incidence and mortality of COVID-19. The survey was conducted between January 1 and February 1, 2021, and participants from 92 countries/territories completed it. The association between NPIs, sanitation supplies, and incidence and mortality were examined by multivariate regression, with the log-transformed value of population as an offset value. The majority of countries/territories applied several preventive strategies, including social distancing (100.0%), quarantine (100.0%), isolation (98.9%), and school closure (97.8%). Individual-level preventive measures such as personal hygiene (100.0%) and wearing facial masks (94.6% at hospitals; 93.5% at mass transportation; 91.3% in mass gathering facilities) were also frequently applied. Quarantine at a designated place was negatively associated with incidence and mortality compared to home quarantine. Isolation at a designated place was also associated with reduced mortality compared to home isolation. Recommendations to use sanitizer for personal hygiene reduced incidence compared to the recommendation to use soap. Deprivation of masks was associated with increased incidence. Higher incidence and mortality were found in countries/territories with higher economic levels. Mask deprivation was pervasive regardless of economic level. NPIs against COVID-19 such as using sanitizer, quarantine, and isolation can decrease the incidence and mortality of COVID-19.
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