| 1. |
- Hamad, Osama A., 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Non-proteolytically activated C3 promotes binding of activated platelets and platelet-derived microparticles to leukocytes via CD11b/CD18
- 2012
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Ingår i: Immunobiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0171-2985 .- 1878-3279. ; 217:11, s. 1191-1191
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background:We have previously demonstrated that complement component C3 binds to the surface of activated platelets, independent of proteolytic activation. The resulting form of C3, termed C3(H2O), was shown to be a ligand for recombinant CD35 (complement receptor 1, CR1). Previous studies by others have indicated that platelet-leukocyte complex (PLC) formation is dependent on the interaction between platelet exposed P-selectin (CD62P) and its ligand, PSGL-1, on leukocytes. In addition, CD11b/CD18 (Mac-1 or CR3) has been shown to participate in this reaction, but its ligand has not yet been identified.Objective:To test the hypothesis that C3 bound to activated platelets and platelet-derived microparticles (PMPs) can act as a ligand for CD11b/CD18 (CR3) and contribute to PLC formation.Methods and results:Blood cells were depleted of plasma proteins. After extensive washing, C3 was added, and the leukocytes were activated with C5a and the platelets with thrombin receptor-activating peptide (TRAP). PLC formation was detected by flow cytometry (monocytes: CD14+/CD42a+, granulocytes: CD16+/CD42a+). For both granulocytes and monocytes, the addition of C3 significantly enhanced PLC formation. Formation of PLC was inhibited by both anti-P-selectin and anti-CD11b monoclonal antibodies. In addition, PMPs isolated from serum, were found to expose C3(H2O) and bind to leukocytes in a fashion similar to activated platelets.Conclusion:We have identified proteolytically non-activated C3 as a ligand for CD11b in the formation of PLC and possibly the binding of PMPs to leukocytes. This observation most likely has pathophysiological implications for the recently reported links between thrombotic disease and the complement system.
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| 2. |
- Hamad, Osama A, et al.
(författare)
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Platelets, Complement, and Contact Activation : Partners in inflammation and thrombosis
- 2012
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Ingår i: Current Topics in Innate Immunity II. - New York, NY : Springer. - 9781461401056 - 9781461401063 ; , s. 185-205
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Platelet activation during thrombotic events is closely associated with complement and contact system activation, which in turn leads to inflammation . Here we review the interactions between activated platelets and the complement and contact activation systems in clotting blood. Chondroitin sulfate A (CS-A), released from alpha granules during platelet activation, is a potent mediator of crosstalk between platelets and the complement system. CS-A activates complement in the fluid phase, generating anaphylatoxins that mediate leukocyte activation. No complement activation seems to occur on the activated platelet surface, but C3 in the form of C3(H2O) is bound to the surfaces of activated platelets . This finding is consistent with the strong expression of membrane-bound complement regulators present at the platelet surface. CS-A exposed on the activated platelets is to a certain amount responsible for recruiting soluble regulators to the surface. Platelet-bound C3(H2O) acts as a ligand for leukocyte CR1 (CD35), potentially enabling platelet–leukocyte interactions. In addition, platelet activation leads to the activation of contact system enzymes, which are specifically inhibited by antithrombin, rather than by C1INH, as is the case when contact activation is induced by material surfaces. Thus, in addition to their traditional role as initiators of secondary hemostasis, platelets also act as mediators and regulators of inflammation in thrombotic events.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Ahlander, Britt-Marie, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Positive effect on patient experience of video-information given prior to cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging, a clinical trial
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 27:5-6, s. 1250-1261
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims and objectives: To evaluate the effect of video information given before cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging on patient anxiety and to compare patient experiences of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging versus myocardial perfusion scintigraphy. To evaluate whether additional information has an impact on motion artefacts.Background: Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging and myocardial perfusion scintigraphy are technically advanced methods for the evaluation of heart diseases. Although cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging is considered to be painless, patients may experience anxiety due to the closed environment.Design: A prospective randomised intervention study, not registered.Methods: The sample (n = 148) consisted of 97 patients referred for cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging, randomised to receive either video information in addition to standard text-information (CMR-video/n = 49) or standard text-information alone (CMR-standard/n = 48). A third group undergoing myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (n = 51) was compared with the cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging-standard group. Anxiety was evaluated before, immediately after the procedure and 1 week later. Five questionnaires were used: Cardiac Anxiety Questionnaire, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale, MRI Fear Survey Schedule and the MRI-Anxiety Questionnaire. Motion artefacts were evaluated by three observers, blinded to the information given. Data were collected between April 2015–April 2016. The study followed the CONSORT guidelines.Result: The CMR-video group scored lower (better) than the cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging-standard group in the factor Relaxation (p =.039) but not in the factor Anxiety. Anxiety levels were lower during scintigraphic examinations compared to the CMR-standard group (p <.001). No difference was found regarding motion artefacts between CMR-video and CMR-standard.Conclusion: Patient ability to relax during cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging increased by adding video information prior the exam, which is important in relation to perceived quality in nursing. No effect was seen on motion artefacts.Relevance to clinical practice: Video information prior to examinations can be an easy and time effective method to help patients cooperate in imaging procedures.
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| 6. |
- Boniolo, Manuel, et al.
(författare)
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Water Oxidation by Pentapyridyl Base Metal Complexes? : A Case Study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Inorganic Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0020-1669 .- 1520-510X. ; 61:24, s. 9104-9118
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The design of molecular water oxidation catalysts (WOCs) requires a rational approach that considers the intermediate steps of the catalytic cycle, including water binding, deprotonation, storage of oxidizing equivalents, O–O bond formation, and O2 release. We investigated several of these properties for a series of base metal complexes (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni) bearing two variants of a pentapyridyl ligand framework, of which some were reported previously to be active WOCs. We found that only [Fe(Py5OMe)Cl]+ (Py5OMe = pyridine-2,6-diylbis[di-(pyridin-2-yl)methoxymethane]) showed an appreciable catalytic activity with a turnover number (TON) = 130 in light-driven experiments using the [Ru(bpy)3]2+/S2O82– system at pH 8.0, but that activity is demonstrated to arise from the rapid degradation in the buffered solution leading to the formation of catalytically active amorphous iron oxide/hydroxide (FeOOH), which subsequently lost the catalytic activity by forming more extensive and structured FeOOH species. The detailed analysis of the redox and water-binding properties employing electrochemistry, X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), UV–vis spectroscopy, and density-functional theory (DFT) showed that all complexes were able to undergo the MIII/MII oxidation, but none was able to yield a detectable amount of a MIV state in our potential window (up to +2 V vs SHE). This inability was traced to (i) the preference for binding Cl– or acetonitrile instead of water-derived species in the apical position, which excludes redox leveling via proton coupled electron transfer, and (ii) the lack of sigma donor ligands that would stabilize oxidation states beyond MIII. On that basis, design features for next-generation molecular WOCs are suggested.
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| 7. |
- Dahlstrand, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
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Spectral Signatures in the Different Layers of the Human Eyelid by Photoacoustic Imaging
- 2019
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Ingår i: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0196-8092 .- 1096-9101.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The eyelids are susceptible to a number of skin cancers, which are challenging to excise radically without sacrificing excessive healthy tissue. Photoacoustic (PA) imaging is an emerging non-invasive biomedical imaging modality that could potentially be used for intraoperative micrographic control of the surgical margins of eyelid tumors. In this study, non-cancerous human eyelid tissue was characterized using PA as a first step in the development of this technique.STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twelve full-thickness samples from nine patients were analyzed ex vivo using PA imaging. Two-dimensional PA images were acquired using 59 wavelengths in the range of 680-970 nm to obtain the spectral signatures of the skin, orbicularis oculi muscle, and the tarsal plate. Three-dimensional images were obtained by scanning the tissues using a linear stepping motor. Spectral unmixing was performed to visualize the chromophore distribution.RESULTS: The resulting PA spectra could be used to differentiate between the orbicularis oculi muscle and the other two structures (P < 0.05). The signals from the skin and the tarsal plate were more similar in appearance, probably due to similarities in their molecular composition. Spectral unmixing provided a clear visualization of the overall architecture of the eyelids.CONCLUSIONS: PA imaging can be used to differentiate between the orbicularis oculi muscle and the eyelid skin and tarsal plate. The main structures of human eyelids could be visualized in three dimensions using PA imaging. This technique could potentially be used to examine eyelid tumors intraoperatively in the future. However, further studies on tumors in vivo are needed before considering such clinical use. Lasers Surg Med. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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| 8. |
- Eriksson, Thérèse, et al.
(författare)
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A pain relieving reimbursement program? Effects of a value-based reimbursement program on patient reported outcome measures
- 2020
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Ingår i: BMC Health Services Research. - : BMC. - 1472-6963. ; 20:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Value-based reimbursement programs have become increasingly common. However, little is known about the effect of such programs on patient reported outcomes.Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze the effect of introducing a value-based reimbursement program on patient reported outcome measures and to explore whether a selection bias towards less complicated patients occurred. Methods This is a retrospective observational study with a before and after design based on the introduction of a value-based reimbursement program in Region Stockholm, Sweden. We analyzed patient level data from inpatient and outpatient care of patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery during 2006-2015. Patient reported outcome measures used was Global Assessment, EQ-5D-3L and Oswestry Disability Index. The case-mix of surgically treated patients was analyzed using medical and socioeconomic factors. Results The value-based reimbursement program did not have any effect on targeted or non-targeted patient reported outcome measures. Moreover, the share of surgically treated patients with risk factors such as having comorbidities and being born outside of Europe increased after the introduction. Hence, the value-based reimbursement program did not encourage discrimination against sicker patients. However, the income was higher among patients surgically treated after the introduction of the value-based reimbursement. This indicates that a value-based reimbursement program may contribute to increased inequalities in access to healthcare. Conclusions The value-based reimbursement program did not have any effect on patient reported outcome measures. Our study contributes to the understanding of the effects of a value-based reimbursement program on patient reported outcome measures and to what extent cherry-picking arises.
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| 10. |
- Johansson, Barbro, et al.
(författare)
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Functional recovery after brain infarction: plasticity and neural transplantation
- 1994
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Ingår i: Brain Pathology. - : Wiley. - 1750-3639 .- 1015-6305. ; 4:1, s. 85-95
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the past, little attention has been given to the role of brain plasticity for the long term functional outcome in experimental stroke although there is substantial evidence for plasticity in other experimental models of neurological disorders. Under clinical conditions, functional improvement occurs in most stroke survivors during the initial months after the ischemic incidence. Recent PET studies in stroke patients, investigated two months or later after stroke, indicate a considerable potential for functional plasticity in the adult human cerebral cortex. Research aimed at the identification of the mechanisms underlying functional recovery should be given high priority, particularly with regard to environmental factors and pharmacological interventions. Pilot experiments of environmental enrichment significantly improved the functional outcome of laboratory animals after brain infarction. Fetal neocortical tissue grafted into the infarcted area in adult rats received afferent fibres from the intact brain and responded to contralateral sensory stimulation with increased metabolic activity, indicating functional integration between neocortical grafts and host afferent systems. However, reciprocal connections from the graft to the host tissue were rare, and it remains to be shown whether grafting will be able to restore the complex cortical organization of the infarcted tissue.
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